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Prognosis and diagnostics in acute myeloid leukemia
Jiráková Trnková, Zuzana ; Jíra, Milan (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Špíšek, Radek (referee)
The main aim of the dissertation was in patients with acute myeloid leukemia to investigate the impact of favorable prognostic chromosomal aberrations and increased expression of a family of multiple drug resistance genes to achieve a complete remission and overall survival, and identify the potential prognostic factors. Experiments were focused on the introduction of routine diagnostics of two prognostically favorable fusion genes, AML1/ETO and CBFbeta/MYH11 and multiple drug resistance gene MDR1. This testing was performed by reverse transcription, PCR and subsequent electrophoretic analysis of its products.
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Bleeding after cardiac surgery. Importance of fibrinolysis in off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery
Jareš, Martin ; Vaněk, Tomáš (advisor) ; Dominik, Jan (referee) ; Málek, Jiří (referee) ; Nečas, Emanuel (referee)
The aim of our two prospective randomized studies was to evaluate and compare haemostatic effects of fibrinolytic inhibitors in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB). The first study evaluated efficacy of tranexamic acid vs. placebo, the second one compared effects of tranexamic acid vs. aprotinin vs. placebo. In addition, the risk of per operative myocardial ischemia and trombotic events was assessed. In the first study postoperative bleeding was significantly lower in the tranexamic acid group compared with the control group. We observed two postoperative myocardial infarctions (one in each group) and any cerebrovacular event or pulmonary embolism. In the second study we conclude that both tranexamic acid and aprotinin significantly reduce the postoperative blood loss in OPCAB patients, and the efficacy of tranexamic acid and aprotinin, respectively, seems to be quite similar. We did not observe any statistically significant difference in the need for allogenic transfusion, although the total number of re-transfused patients was the highest in placebo group. Treated groups did not demonstrate postoperative increase in mean levels of myocardial enzymes, compared with placebo group. Significantly higher mean values of D-dimer were found in placebo group 24 h...
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Allooimmunosensitization in left ventricular assist device recipients and impact on post-transplantation outcome
Urban, Marián ; Netuka, Ivan (advisor) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee) ; Mrázek, František (referee)
Background: In recent years mechanical circulatory assist devices became an established option in bridging patients with refractory heart failure to heart transplantation. One of the alleged limitations of mechanical devices is a high degree of antibody production with possible deleterious effect on subsequent heart transplantation outcome. Aim: The main goal of this study is to assess the role of antibodies on the outcome of surgical treatment of patients with end- stage heart failure. Method: Firstly, we present a literature review on the current state of knowledge of possible immunologic mechanisms involved in antibody production in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients, new methods of antibody detection, desensitization strategies and overview of published evidence assessing the impact of sensitization on post-transplantation outcome. In the experimental part of our study we prospectively evaluated the presence of anti-Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) antibodies in 83 Heart Mate II (HMII) recipients who were implanted at our institution between 2008 and 2012 and survived the first 60 days. On-device survival and device malfunction, major infection, major bleeding and neurologic dysfunction were compared between antibody positive and antibody negative recipients. Out of a total...
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The influence od educational to maintenance of secondary prevention rules of myocardial infarction
ŠÍMOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis deals with the effects of educational plans on the compliance with the principles of the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. The theoretical background covers atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and the educational process in nursing. Prior to elaborating the practical part of the thesis we had established two objectives. Objective 1: To find out whether the patients educated without an educational plan are as knowledgeable as the patients educated through an educational plan. Objective 2: To compare whether the patients educated without an educational plan comply with the principles of the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in the same way as the patients with an educational plan. A qualitative form of research had been chosen for this thesis, semi-standardized interview in particular. The analysis of the data gained was subsequently carried out. Two objectives had been established in the thesis. Objective 1: To find out whether the patients educated without an educational plan are as knowledgeable as the patients educated through an educational plan. Through the analysis of the obtained data we found out that the patients educated without an educational plan are as knowledgeable as the patients educated through an educational plan. Objective 2: To compare whether the patients educated without an educational plan comply with the principles of the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in the same way as the patients with an educational plan. Having compared the results we found out that the patients with an educational plan comply with the principles of the secondary prevention more consistently than the patients educated without an educational plan. The objectives of the thesis were met.
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The influence of targeted treatment on stereognosis and somatognosis in patients with chronic vertebrogenic algic syndrome
Svobodová, Alena ; Lepšíková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Čech, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis called "The impact of individual physiotherapy on stereognosis and somatognosis in patients with chronic back pain" contains basic knowledge about stereognostic and somatognostic function, it summarizes significant information about pain and the development of its chronic form, and last but not least it states possible causes of back pain disorders and its functional factors. One special part of the thesis describes non-standardized tests used to examine 21 probands who had been diagnosed chronic back pain and particularly it compares the results of these two examinations, the first of which was carried out before the beginning of physiotherapy and the second one carried out after 14 days of physiotherapeutic treatment. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of physiotherapy on stereognosis and somatognosis of patients with chronic back pain. All types of medical examination were tested without visual check. As a part of the medical examination a short form of McGill ́s questionnaire and a visual analogue scale indicating the intensity of pain were to be filled in by the probands to explicate their subjective feelings. The results of all but two tests improved after 14 days of physiotherapy, the therapy impact on function of stereognosis and somatognosis of patients with...
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The Gait Analysis of People with the Multiple Sclerosis
Havlištová, Michaela ; Ježková, Martina (advisor) ; Káfuňková, Petra (referee)
The Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most frequent reason of disability of people in productive age. Fatiglle and motor impairment affect the qllality of patients' life. This bachelor thesis focllses on the gait assessment of people aftlicted with the MS. It describes differences of gait of people aftlicted with the MS in compare to healthy people. The thesis shows clinical tests and relevant functional scales which can be lused for the gait assessment in any clinical practice. Instrumental methods of gait assessment are not discussed. There is one casllistry of people affected with the MS in practice pati ofthe thesis and inf1l1ence of the Vojta's therapy on these gait tests (TUG, T25FW, 1 OMWT, DGI and 6MWT). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Measuring efficiency of hospitals in the Czech Republic
Procházková, Jana ; Chalupka, Radovan (referee) ; Gregor, Martin (advisor)
This thesis estimates cost efficiency of 99 general hospitals in the Czech Republic during 2001-2008 using Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis. It tests comparability of their results finding out a certain qualitative similarity. Next, determinants were added into SFA and efficiency of Czech hospitals examined. The presence of inefficiency is group specific even having accounted for various determinants. The effects of determinants were tested. Inefficiency increases with teaching status, more than 20,000 treated patients a year, not-for-profit status, larger share of the elderly in the municipality and average salary in the district. Inefficiency decreases with less than 10,000 patients treated a year, larger population, higher unemployment rate and more hospitals in the region.
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Case report of a patient with lateral epicondylitis and cervicocranial syndrom
Vanclová, Jitka ; Týkalová, Jana (advisor) ; Pallová, Iveta (referee)
Nazev prace: Kazuistika pacienta s uponovou bolesti v oblasti lateralniho epikondylu a cervikokranialnim syndromem. Podnazev: Pokus o komplexni pfistup k terapii funkcnich poruch. Title: Case report of a patient with lateral epicondylitis and cervicocranial syndrom. Cil prace: 1. Seznamit se s pravidly podrobneho vedeni kazuistickych dat. 2. Vybrat vhodneho pacienta na zaklade pfedem danych kriterii. 3. Nastudovat danou problematiku v teoreticke i prakticke rovine. 4. Pro vest vstupni vysetfeni. Na zaklade dat z nej ziskanych a na zaklade nastudovanych poznatkia zvolit vhodny terapeuticky postup. 5. Zhodnotit adekvatnost a spravnost zvoleneho terapeuticke postupu. 6. Zpracovat data ziskana z vysetfeni a terapie formou kazuistiky. 7. Zhodnotit vysledky bakalafske prace. Metoda: Bakalafska prace je psana formou kazuistiky. Je pokusem o komplexni pfistup k terapii funkcnich poruch. Klicova slova: funkcni porucha, funkcni blokada, svalova dysbalance Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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