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Comparison of hip joint offset in resurfacing arthroplasty and standard total hip arthroplasty
ČERNÁ, Helena
Comparison of hip joint offset in resurfacing arthroplasty and standard total hip arthroplasty. Summary The subject of this work is to compare a hip joint biomechanical parameters after two different operations, after a standard total hip arthroplasty and after hip surface replacement. Material and method: A group of twenty five patients with a hip surface replacement has been processed in a statistical way, their average age was 55 years (from 34 to 66 years), next a group of thirty patients with a standard total hip arthroplasty and the average age was 62 years in this group (from 46 to 72 years). Anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis with inside rotation about 15{$\rm^o$} was taken of all patients. The measured biomechanical parameters were femoral offset and femoral length, cup offset and cup height. For statistical processing the total offset was defined as a sum of the femoral offset and cup offset, hip length was defined as femoral length minus cup height. Postoperative measured data of an operated hip joint were compared with preoperative data. Statistical analysis has been done by a paired t-test. Results: The patients, who underwent an operation of hip surface replacement, were in average by 7.8 years younger than the patients with a standard total hip arthroplasty. Men predominated in the group with surface replacement and women predominated in the group with a standard total hip arthroplasty. Preoperative measured data were approximately identical in both groups. In the group with a surface replacement the postoperative total offset has increased in average by 0.04 cm (p=0.79) and hip length has decreased in average by 0.41 cm (p=0.0001). The postoperative total offset has decreased in average by 0.83 cm (p=5x10-5) in the group with a standard total hip arthroplasty and the postoperative hip length has decreased in average by 1.49 cm (p=6.17x10-5). Conclusion: On the basis of taken paired t-tests the hypothesis can be substantiated that a surface replacement restores hip joint physiological conditions better than a standard total hip arthroplasty.
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Physiological demand during walking and nordic walking
Pospíšilová, Petra ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
Title: Physiological demand during walking and Nordic Walking Purposes: The aim of the thesis is to compare physiological demand during walking and Nordic Walking with with speeds 4 and 6 km.h-1 . horizontal and 10 % uphill. Methods: Indirect calorimetry, opened-circuit spirometry Results: As the research showed, there were higher energy expenditure, ventilation and oxygen consumption found during Nordic Walking than in walking in both measured velocities 4 and 6 km.h-1 as well as in both measured grades. Key words: Nordic Walking, walking, ventilation, oxygen consumption, heart rate, energy expenditure, locomotion speed
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Word association test – physiological reactions and semantic similarities
Lukavský, Jiří
His report is focused on physiological reaction measurements during the word association test. The results of preliminary experiment (N=14) are described. In this experiment association responses, physiological reactions (electrodermal activity) and semantic rating of stimuli were recorded. The obtained results may be visualized on individual level as semantic maps combined with electrodermal activity peaks.
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Differences in physiology between r and K bacterial strategists.
Moserová, Andrea ; Konopásek, Ivo (advisor) ; Krištůfek, Václav (referee)
Differences in physiology between r and K-bacterial strategists. The definition of bacterial r/K-strategists is currently based on the time interval they need to form a colony on agar plate. Also, their growth rate which is often used to identify r/K-position within a pair of bacterial strains. To date it was evidenced that also other physiological characteristics relate to bacterial r/K-status, for example their different ability to 1) adapt for changing conditions 2) utilize complex or very diluted substrates, 3) use secondary metabolites to cope with other strains and possibly also others. The intersection of macro- and microbiological r/K-conceptions lies in time distribution of r/K-strategists during succession. The aim of this study was to verify the basic r/K-characteristics on nine chosen strains and to correlate them with their physiological differences that are implicitly regarded as characteristic for r/K-groups. The study deals with growth rates measurements on both liquid and solid media, identification of fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity of strains cultivated at near-optimum and cold temperature in order to track the differences in cold adaptation. The study also deals with the description of possible new K-strategist characteristic: the lack of correlation between the colony...
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Physical exercises in the correct combination of breathing, relaxation and their influence on personality and health of women.
ŠTĚPÁNOVÁ, Kristina
This thesis deals with the physical exercises in the correct combination of breathing, relaxation and their influence on the personality and health of women. Aim of this work is the analysis of female character, linking the physical, social and mental health of women and the preparation and verification of benefits yoga intervention program. The beginning of the theoretical part is focused on physiological factors, hormonal and psychological processes in women. Another part deals with the topic of female personality and self-image. Then I mention the importance of the application of physical exercise, proper breathing and relaxation, as a way to restore harmony and health at the physical, mental and spiritual level. In conclusion of my paper I present a proposal yoga intervention program for women in terms of developing self-esteem, body consciousness, harmonization of the pelvic area, the hormonal system and alignment of biological rhythms. Verification yoga intervention program in a group of ten women were taken before and after the yoga intervention program through questionnaires and sleep rhythms of life and self-perception. Evaluation of collected data in the research part of the research confirmed assumptions about the positive impact yoga feedback intervention program in relation to the physical and mental health of the woman in the quality of sleep, menstrual cycle and self-concept.
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Study of extracellular nucleic acids in maternal circulation in the cases of pathological and physiological pregnancies
Žejšková, Lenka ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Dvořák, Michal (referee)
In 1997, Prof. Dennis Lo discovered the presence of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in the maternal plasma and serum of pregnant women. This finding started the development of new non-invasive prenatal diagnosis methods, which are currently in the forefront of the advanced care of mother and fetus. Non-invasive genetic tests based on the detection of paternally inherited alleles, including determination of fetal sex in cases at risk of X-linked disorders or congenital adrenal hyperplasia and RHD or RHCE genotyping in alloimunized pregnancies, were quickly introduced into routine practice. This thesis focuses on the basic characteristics of cffDNA and fetal cells in maternal circulation and its usage for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis, especially in cases of placental insufficiency related complications, e.g. preeclampsia and IUGR. This severe disorder is characterized by placental dysfunction with an abnormal invasion of trophoblasts and a defect in the transformation of maternal spiral arteries, leading to placental ischemia followed by increased apoptosis of trophoblast associated with an elevated concentration of cell-free nucleic acids in maternal circulation. Until recently, cffDNA quantification studies were mostly done using amplification of SRY or DYS-14 genes localized on chromosome Y, and...
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Less common metabolites of steroid hormones in human physiology and pathophysiology.
Máčová, Ludmila ; Hampl, Richard (advisor) ; Rauch, Pavel (referee) ; Černý, Ivan (referee)
The thesis focuses on selected, yet unsolved question of the role of less common steroids and SHBG as a junction of three endocrine systems. Answering these questions may help to understand the complex mechanism of action of these hormones on the human organism. This thesis is based on five author and co-written studies mostly published in foreign scientific journals. In the case of studies of metabolites 16α-OH-DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA (Zamrazilová et al., 2007; Kazihnitková et al., 2007) were focused on the development of appropriate methodological approach because recently used methods showed a low sensitivity and specificity. We developed and statistically evaluated new RIA methods which are rapid, sensitive and inexpensive. Both of them can be used in other research even in routine practice. New methods were also used to determine the metabolites in a statistically significant sample of healthy human population. In another study (Zamrazilová et al., 2010) we examined the relationships of selected steroid metabolites and SHBG in patients with CAH. We assumed that SHBG may act as a non-steroidal laboratory parameter reflecting the effectiveness of substitution therapy in these patients. Our assumption was not confirmed. We observed lower levels of SHBG which at least in women reflect effects of...
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Detection of the pulse wave velocity in an elastic tube
Chlup, Hynek ; Macková, H. ; Vilímek, M. ; Žitný, R. ; Konvičková, S.
The velocity of the pulse wave in blood vessels is one of the important hemodynamical parameters to detect health condition or a degree of damage of a diseased artery. To understand the problem, the physiological values must be known. In our laboratory, the velocity of pulsewave in elastic tubes and arteries is measured in vitro by non-invasive method. The method is based on optical measurements of displacement of the pulsating pipe wall. A crash test camera with high frame rate of 1000 Hz (fps) was used.
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