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CpSAT-1, a transcribed satellite sequence from the codling moth,\kur{Cydia pomonella\kur{}}
DALÍKOVÁ, Martina
Satellite DNA represents one of the major components of repetitive genome components. Recent research is bringing more and more evidence about importance of this type of DNA, which can play both structural and functional roles in eukaryotic genomes. In this study, we described newly discovered satellite DNA in Cydia pomonella, CpSAT-1. Although this satDNA can be found in all chromosomes, it is surprisingly underrepresented on the W chromosome, the only heterochromatin block in Cydia pomonella genome. The CpSAT-1 is transcribed in all tested developmental stages and tissues. However, the potentially functional motives were found predominantly in non-conserved parts of monomer sequence. Thus the function of this new satellite DNA remains unknown.
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Body as a live image
Popovičová, Gabriela ; Čech, Viktor (advisor) ; Hůla, Zdenek (referee)
The master's thesis named Body as a live image is dealing with the topic of the body in the art education. The focus of the theoretical part of the work is to describe basic theoretical starts points and evolution of the body art, including descriptions of characteristics of typologists streams in wide contexts, connect the topic of the body with the art education describe it in the pedagogy context as well. The focus of the empirical part of the thesis is to describe authors own work with the given topic, describe possible use of the topic of the body in the art education and to describe the realization of the theme line in the creative art class. The theoretical base in master's thesis is described in general contexts with the evolution of the body including art education and pedagogy. Author's works with the topic of the body create an open compilation. Work includes thematic art assignation for practical pedagogy, following by the self-reflection of the teacher and suggestions for the improvement. The master's thesis focus on the created typology, categorized into streams and the author's artwork with the topic of the body. There is an emphasis on the line of creative assignation that is followed by the created typology of the streams. The part of the realization is a self-reflection of the...
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The effects of endocrine disruptors on the expression and the activity of cytochromes P450 2B in laboratory rat as a model organism
Měkotová, Barbora ; Dračínská, Helena (advisor) ; Levová, Kateřina (referee)
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are compounds that interfere with natural hormones and they are responsible for functional changes which may lead to damage of the endocrine system. Their presence in the environment is associated with a number of diseases whose extent is hard to predict. As endocrine disrupting chemicals, a wide range of exogenous and endogenous compounds is present in the environment. Important exogenous endocrine disrupting chemicals include benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2); the female sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) can act like endogenous endocrine disruptor. In this thesis, the effect of these three compounds and their combinations on the expression and the activity of rat biotransformation enzymes cytochromes P450 2B is studied. The gene expression was determined by quantitative PCR, the expression of the protein itself was studied using Western blot method and consecutive immunodetection. The results show that CYP2B expression is almost unchanged after BaP premedication, whereas estrogenic compounds, E2, EE2, their combination and their combinations with BaP, significantly decrease the expression. The enzyme activity of CYP2B was also studied in rat liver microsomes using the marker substrate 7-pentoxyresorufin. EE2, E2 and their combination decrease the...
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Expression and activity of rat cytochromes P450 3A after exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and Sudan I
Ličko, Vojtech ; Dračínská, Helena (advisor) ; Ptáčková, Renata (referee)
The aim of this Bachelor thesis is the study of the effect of two carcinogenic compounds, benzo[a]pyrene and Sudan I, co-administered to rats individually or in combination, on the expression and the activity of important biotransformation enzymes cytochromes P450 of subfamily 3A in liver - a main organ of xenobiotic metabolism, in which the amount of CYP3A is especially high. Using the quantitative PCR method, the decrease of the gene expression of CYP3A1/2 in the livers of rats exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and Sudan I individually or in combination, was observed. Using the Western Blot method with a consecutive immunodetection, we found the decrease of the protein expression of CYP3A in the livers of rats treated with benzo[a]pyrene and Sudan I alone. Specific activity of CYP3A, determined by marker reaction of CYP3A, which is 6β-hydroxylation of testosterone, did endorse the previous results only in some of the premedicated groups of rats. It can be concluded that the exposure of rats to both studied compounds with carcinogenic potential resulted in a decrease in the expression of hepatic CYP3A in vivo. (In Czech) Keywords: cytochromes P450, benzo[a]pyrene, Sudan I, expression, enzyme activity
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MicroRNA expression in glucocorticoid-treated patients with systemic autoimmune
Uher, Martin ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common joint disease of autoimmune origin. It is accompanied by inflammatory conditions that lead to irreversible changes in the joints, their deformities ending with permanent disability. Treatment of the disease involves routine regimens, surgical, as well as pharmacological treatment, which is necessary for advanced forms. Glucocorticoids play an important role in the therapeutic intervention in the course and progression of the disease. In spite of their anti-inflammatory effect, which is a key to improving the condition of the patient, they have a number of side effects in the long term- use. In this study, we have focused on the impact of these drugs on microRNA expression changes in arthritic patients treated with pulsed doses of glucocorticoids. MicroRNAs are nowadays widely studied due to their possible use as biomarkers in monitoring disease progression and the effect of treatment. MiRNA expression analysis was performed by quantitative real-time PCR array of 754 miRNAs with reverse transcription using stem-loop primers that allow amplification of short sequences that microRNAs are. Data analysis revealed 29 miRNAs differentially expressed at the significance level p ≤ 0.05, 14 miRNAs were at significance level p ≤ 0.025 (respectively 7 miRNAs at p ≤ 0.005...
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Study of the effect of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors on the expression of selected AKR and CBR enzymes in human cell lines.
Kouklíková, Etela ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Wsól, Vladimír (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Etela Kouklíková Supervisor: RNDr. Eva Novotná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of the effect of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors on the expression of selected AKR and CBR enzymes in human cell lines Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) are considered as a suitable treatment especially in patients with wrong prognosis or advanced stage of cancer. It has only recently been discovered that CDKi are able to influence the activity of some enzymes from aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamilies. AKR and SDR enzymes belong to a group of carbonyl reducing enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of endobiotics and xenobiotics. An important group of drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes to less efficient compounds are anthracyclines. The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out whether purvalanol A, roscovitin, dinaciclib, AZD5438 and R547 can affect the expression of the most important anthracycline reductases (AKR1A1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3, AKR7A2 and CBR1) in human HepG2 and HL-60 cell lines. Expression of anthracycline reductases in cells exposed to CDKi was evaluated at mRNA level by RT-qPCR and at protein level by Western blotting. The...
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MicroRNA expression in glucocorticoid-treated patients with systemic autoimmune
Uher, Martin ; Kuchařová, Monika (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common joint disease of autoimmune origin. It is accompanied by inflammatory conditions that lead to irreversible changes in the joints, their deformities ending with permanent disability. Treatment of the disease involves routine regimens, surgical, as well as pharmacological treatment, which is necessary for advanced forms. Glucocorticoids play an important role in the therapeutic intervention in the course and progression of the disease. In spite of their anti-inflammatory effect, which is a key to improving the condition of the patient, they have a number of side effects in the long term- use. In this study, we have focused on the impact of these drugs on microRNA expression changes in arthritic patients treated with pulsed doses of glucocorticoids. MicroRNAs are nowadays widely studied due to their possible use as biomarkers in monitoring disease progression and the effect of treatment. MiRNA expression analysis was performed by quantitative real-time PCR array of 754 miRNAs with reverse transcription using stem-loop primers that allow amplification of short sequences that microRNAs are. Data analysis revealed 29 miRNAs differentially expressed at the significance level p ≤ 0.05, 14 miRNAs were at significance level p ≤ 0.025 (respectively 7 miRNAs at p ≤ 0.005...
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Study of the effect of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors on the expression of selected AKR and CBR enzymes in human cell lines.
Kouklíková, Etela ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Wsól, Vladimír (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Etela Kouklíková Supervisor: RNDr. Eva Novotná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Study of the effect of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors on the expression of selected AKR and CBR enzymes in human cell lines Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) are considered as a suitable treatment especially in patients with wrong prognosis or advanced stage of cancer. It has only recently been discovered that CDKi are able to influence the activity of some enzymes from aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamilies. AKR and SDR enzymes belong to a group of carbonyl reducing enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of endobiotics and xenobiotics. An important group of drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes to less efficient compounds are anthracyclines. The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out whether purvalanol A, roscovitin, dinaciclib, AZD5438 and R547 can affect the expression of the most important anthracycline reductases (AKR1A1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3, AKR7A2 and CBR1) in human HepG2 and HL-60 cell lines. Expression of anthracycline reductases in cells exposed to CDKi was evaluated at mRNA level by RT-qPCR and at protein level by Western blotting. The...
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