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SPECIAL POLYMER COATINGS AND SCREEDS MATERIALS WITH USE OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS
Žlebek, Tomáš ; Seidlová, Michaela (referee) ; Bydžovský, Jiří (referee) ; Ďurica, Tibor (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The work deals with the development of new polymeric coatings and screeds – epoxy, polyurethane and vinyl ester materials with the use of hazardous waste in the form of fillers. The areas that are destined for their landfill are constantly expanding and the costs of disposing of this waste are high. Their use eliminates negative impacts on the environment, but also leads to significant financial savings. The aim of this PhD thesis was to find a suitable way to treat selected hazardous waste and experimentally verify the possibilities of using the fillers pre-treated by optimal way in polymer coatings and screeds. The coatings and screeds are intended primarily for concrete substrates but the possibility of use on metal substrates, asphalt and cement-bonded particle boards was also been verified. These materials serve as a secondary protection of structures against the adverse effects of weather conditions. Secondary raw materials were used as fillers, which were fluidized bed combustion fly ash contaminated due to flue gas denitrification and specially pre-treated hazardous waste (solidification products). The aim was to proceed progressive use of the secondary raw materials as much as possible in order to reduce landfilling in the maximum possible way. It was necessary to treat hazardous waste in such a way that the most effective solidification would be achieved. The behavior of the solidifaction products in the polymer matrix, the distribution of particles in the structure and the disruption of coatings and screeds due to chemical stress were also investigated.
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Study of the behavior of vacuum insulation based on secondary raw materials
Zelenka, Jakub ; Novák, Vítězslav (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with an extensive literature research on the topic of vacuum insulation and their use in civil construction and other areas of application. The theoretical part is devoted to the composition of vacuum insulation and materials suitable for the production of their cores. Based on the performed research, the design of possible alternative core insulators based on natural secondary raw materials has been conducted. These can be used in the production of vacuum insulation.
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Application of renewable and recyclable raw materials for preparation of new polymers
Horák, Pavel ; Beneš, Hynek (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with optimalization of flexible polyurethane foam recycling with using of natural polyols based on rape seed oil and fish oil and it explores applications of depolymerized polyol product by formulations of new polyurethane materials. The experiments of depolymerisation showed that both tested natural oil (rape seed oil and fish oil) can be used as effective reagents for polyurethane recycling. Reaction conditions of depolymerisation were optimised with model flexible polyurethane foam and applied on waste foam from real conditions. Gain of depolymerisation is one-faze low viscosity (to 1500 mPa.s) liquid polyol products with content of hydroxyl groups ca 3 mmol/g. These polyols can be used for polymerisation of new materials. First application of recycled polyols was formulation of polyurethane foam systems. Through optimising of formula was prepared low-density semirigid foam containing 100 percentage of recycled polyol. Properties of these foams correspond to commercial foams. To prepare of homogenous cast polyurethane system based on recycled polyols it was necessary to add proper solvent, therefor extent of application has been lowered. On that account the systems were tested for study of polyaddition reaction and for following properties of the material. In these tests, the reactivity...
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Development of board materials based on secondary raw materials with a good ratio of thermal insulation and mechanical properties
Szotkowská, Michaela ; Sedlmajer, Martin (referee) ; Zach, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the development of board materials based on secondary raw materials. The theoretical part outlines secondary raw materials and their further usage. In addition, the theoretical part deals with a description of protective panels with a focus on underlying profiles and requirements for protective panels in terms of thermal protection of buildings. At the end of the theoretical part, a multicriteria analysis and a method of assessing the impact of the products on the environment using LCA / EPD is described. The practical part describes input raw materials from various industries, test samples, their tests, and subsequent evaluation of required properties. Using the multi-criteria analysis, a board material with a favorable ratio between mechanical and thermal insulation properties was selected for the production of the base profile. Furthermore, the practical part deals with the production of the underlying profile, its testing, determining its competitiveness in the market, and a simplified description of its impact on the environment.
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New possibilities of using secondary raw materials for the renewal of the railway substructure
Buřičová, Karolína ; Luňáček,, Martin (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The work is devoted to new possibilities for the recovery of secondary raw materials and track bed waste with a combination of both suitable and unsuitable soils. The aim of the thesis is to develop a new functional sample suitable for the recovery of a substructure of railways based on secondary raw materials. The theoretical part addresses the issue of the use of soil and secondary raw materials as the base layers of railway structures, and is focused on the possibilities of soil adjustments or enhancement. The practical part is focused on the analysis and selection of potentially suitable raw materials, the design of new raw material mixtures containing concrete recyclables, waste from cleaning the auto mixer and waste from cleaning the rail bed. Further, to modify the mixtures designed with fluid ash from biomass combustion to achieve higher toughness. Then they will be experimentally verified and based on the results the optimal formula for use in the solid of the railway bottom will be determined. Final optimal recipe achieving basic required parameters for use in active zone without the requirement for frost resistance and ecology is composed of 30 % of F4-CS, 4 % of portland cement CEM II-B/LL, 3 % of lime hydrate, 70 % of recycled concrete and 10 % of fluid ash from biomass combustion.
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Possibilities of Using Waste Materials in Trenchless Renovation Piping Systems
Majerová, Jana ; Drochytka, Rostislav ; Hermann, Radek ; Figala, Petr
Properties of the resin system are key properties in the CIPP trenchless pipeline repair system. Fillers affect the properties of the resin system and the cost of renovation. One of the ecologically and economically attractive options is the use of secondary raw materials. The article describes the properties of some suitable secondary raw materials and their influence on the properties of the resin system in comparison with traditional fillers The article compares three types of secondary waste materials and the reference filler. The SiO2 content, the particle size of the filler and the mechanical parameters of the proposed recipes are most important.
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Application of renewable and recyclable raw materials for preparation of new polymers
Horák, Pavel
This thesis deals with optimalization of flexible polyurethane foam recycling with using of natural polyols based on rape seed oil and fish oil and it explores applications of depolymerized polyol product by formulations of new polyurethane materials. The experiments of depolymerisation showed that both tested natural oil (rape seed oil and fish oil) can be used as effective reagents for polyurethane recycling. Reaction conditions of depolymerisation were optimised with model flexible polyurethane foam and applied on waste foam from real conditions. Gain of depolymerisation is one-faze low viscosity (to 1500 mPa.s) liquid polyol products with content of hydroxyl groups ca 3 mmol/g. These polyols can be used for polymerisation of new materials. First application of recycled polyols was formulation of polyurethane foam systems. Through optimising of formula was prepared low-density semirigid foam containing 100 percentage of recycled polyol. Properties of these foams correspond to commercial foams. To prepare of homogenous cast polyurethane system based on recycled polyols it was necessary to add proper solvent, therefor extent of application has been lowered. On that account the systems were tested for study of polyaddition reaction and for following properties of the material. In these tests, the reactivity...
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Zhodnocení provozu zařízení pro nakládání s odpady (druhotnými surovinami) v obci Zdounky
Vítková, Michaela
The bachelor thesis aims to assess the operation of a facility for purchase of waste (secondary materials) on the premises of CORSO V+V, s.r.o. located in Zdounky. The first part addresses legislation which is related to facilities for purchase of waste and clarifies technical terms which are then used in the other sections of the thesis. The sec-ond part of the bachelor thesis focuses on the system of waste management applied by the municipality of Zdounky. The second part expands in more detail the facility for purchase of waste (secondary materials) itself, i.e. the Sběrna Zdounky. Furthermore, the equipment of ZN METAL is discussed as comparison to the Sběrna Zdounky. Based on the findings of the research, changes for improvement are proposed for the purposes of increasing the profit and enhancing the operational effectivity.
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Linky pro manipulaci s odpadem
Konečný, Ladislav
Bachelor´s thesis describes basic types waste, and the procedure for loading and processing waste. Study is focused mainly on basic types of municipal waste and the sequence of operations in recycling process. The practical part deals with the issue of waste recycling lines. Practical part showed the Suez company, which deals with the use of secondary materials. Practical part describes line for processing LDPE foils from which LDPE is produced.
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Design of new materials for rehabilitation of utility networks using CIPP method
Jakubíková, Karolína ; Hodná, Jana (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
The thesis deals with the design of new materials for the rehabilitation of utility networks using sing the method of trenchless technology (CIPP). It is a special polymer resin containing filler which saturates a suitable fabric in the form of sleeves. In this thesis, the attention is focused mainly to the use of secondary raw materials in the form of fillers and the improvement of mechanical properties of CIPP, including reducing the financial demands of this remediation material. The use of by-products as the fillers is in this thesis investigated both from the point of view of the processability of the material and from the point of view of the resulting mechanical properties.
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