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Patients'Recruitment Issues in Clinical Trials
Hrubá, Dagmar ; Doskočil, Ondřej (advisor) ; Štegmannová, Ingrid (referee)
This thesis examines patient recruitment in clinical trials. It is a current and pressing issue, which is not sufficiently embedded in the thinking of doctors and patients, their patterns of communication, and more broadly in the traditional doctor-patient relationship, which continues to be burdened by post-socialist paternalism. The formal framework and ethics have been developed relatively recently, and their application causes confusion to all participants regarding how to proceed in specific situations. In addition, the choice of topic, and especially the form of dealing with the topic, was motivated by the relative lack of academic resources and publications in the field. The theoretical section of the thesis defines clinical research and its phases, and introduces basic terminology and documents closely linked to clinical research. In addition, it focuses on research ethics, thoroughly examining the issue of informed consent - a fundamental document necessary for recruiting a patient in a clinical trial. Finally, one chapter of the thesis focuses on the issue of medical literacy, the level of which is integral to the participants' understanding of the importance of clinical research, and directly affects participants' decision-making. The empirical section is divided into two parts. The...
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Causes of Civil Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sniehotta, Michal ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
Annotation: The Bachelor thesis deals with the civil war causes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this Bachelor thesis is to identify, summarize and systematize theories of the civil war causes and find out the main factors contributing to the war eruption in the area of the sub-Saharan Africa. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first theoretic part the term "civil war" is defined and characterized in relation to other types of wars and forms of organized violence. This is followed by the description of the most important contemporary theories explaining the causes of civil wars. The second part of this thesis is dedicated to the testing of the hypothesis dealing with the representative civil war causes in the area of sub- Saharan Africa.
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Regional Policy of the European Union and its Growth Effects on the Southern Italian Regions
Klán, Robert ; Abrhám, Josef (advisor)
Region policy of the European Union seems to be one of the most important policy at the supranational level. While it represented only a negligible item on the european budget in the 80s, today it occupies, from the expenditure volume point of view, a second place already. During this dynamic period of time Cohesion policy has become an object of number of political but also special discussions, gained many favorers and opponents. With regard to the considerable amounts of money it has granted, it is worth of detailed attention. Italy has become the seond largest beneficiary from the Structural funds between 1989 an 2006. Its economy is characterised by a substantial geografic dualism where its Southern "periphery" has been struggling with continuous socio-economic difficulties. These regions have had a change to benefit from the generous Structural funds for a considerable period of time. This study tries to analyse the effectiveness of these financial resources, in other words, it considers empirical analysis of the marginal growth effects of these resources on the Southern Italian regions.
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Economic and Polical Affairs of Bolivia during the rule of Evo Morales
Klisáková, Jiřina ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Mládek, Josef (referee)
Natural wealth can either be an advantage for a country's economy or its curse. This thesis applies theories, which explore relationship between natural resources abundance and economic development of the country on a recent situation in Bolivia. The relationship between local natural gas and continuous poverty is analyzed within the resource curse theory and its causes. The analysis concentrates mainly on the Dutch disease theory, government's economic policy, investment and social environment in the country. Finally, the aim of this work is to answer the question whether natural gas means a curse for Bolivia and to identify its main causes. In addition, consequences of the onset of president Morales and the new nationalization policy are analyzed in detail.
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The Concept of Pollution Kegare in Japan at the Turn of 16th and 17th Century
Mornsteinová, Lucie ; Labus, David (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee)
The major objective of this master thesis, is to describe the process of forming and development of the social groups connected with the concept of ritual pollution kegare in Japan at the turn of 16th century. The main questions are: In which direction did the development of these groups tend to go from the outset of the Japanese Middle Ages? Did the policies of the unifiers of Japan cause any disruptions to this development, and if so, what was the new direction? Was creation of the Edo outcaste order also motivated by an effort to restrict access to strategical commodities, or was it only a side effect of individual edicts and restrictions? To answer these questions I used two approaches. At first I diachronically described the development of groups connected with the concept of ritual pollution from the ancient times, and to this data I applied Mary Douglas's grid and group theory. Results of this show that during the time period in question development of groups of eta tanners was significantly accelerated, while the status of the non-persons groups of hinin was stagnating, or regressing. This thesis hopefully offers a brief insight into the overlooked aspects of Japanese history, and sheds some light on the reason for the discrimination of descendants of the burakumin group which in Japan...
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Venticular activation patterns in conduction abnormalities and during different pacing modes (aktivační sekvence při poruchách komorového vedení a různých typech komorové stimulace)
Peichl, Petr ; Kautzner, Josef (advisor) ; Lukl, Jan (referee) ; Kittnar, Otomar (referee)
Academic dissertation: Ventricular activation patterns in conduction abnormalities and during different pacing modes Petr Peichl, MD, Department of Cardiology, IKEM, Vídeňská 1958/9, Prague, Czech Republic 5 Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a progressive disease caused by left ventricular dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality rates. Ventricular dysfunction is often linked to ventricular dilatation, which in turn may cause ventricular conduction delays and further worsening of the cardiac function. Recent decade gave rise to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), a therapeutic modality based on premise that preexcitation of late activating10 regions by cardiac pacing may restore the left ventricular synchronous contraction. The goals of the publications included in the dissertation were: (1) to analyze the ventricular activation patterns in patients eligible for CRT with respect to the underlying heart disease and/or QRS morphology on the surface electrocardiogram(ECG), (2) to quantify changes in ventricular activation patterns during different pacing modes and (3) to compare15 the hemodynamic performance of different pacing modes during exercise. 1. Patients with CHF and wide QRS complex represent a broad spectrum of underlying conduction disturbances with variable inter- and intraventricular...
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Load-bearing structure of mountain hotel
Kudličková, Jitka ; Šiška, Radek (referee) ; Strnad, Jiří (advisor)
Master’s thesis is based on analysis and design of a load bearing structure of an mountains hotel. Mountain hotel schould be realized in the village Vernirovice in Šumperk district. The proposed structure is formed 4th floors. In 1.NP is a restaurant, a sports and wellness center. In 2.NP in the right side is situated the swimming pool. In 2 to 4 floor are located rooms. This structure is supported with a strip footing made of reinforced concrete. The main load-bearing elements in the vertical direction are in 1.NP reinforced concrete walls and columns, the upper floors bearing masonry walls of ceramic blocks THERM. The inner support walls are 300 mm thick, outside support walls are 400 mm thick. Floors are constructed of carrying plates with girders above the larger openings. These plates and girders are made of reinforced concrete. In the 2 floor are beams with the span of 8,8 m. These girders are designed of prestressed concrete cause the large loads. Individual levels are connected with monolithic concrete staircases. Around the middle of the building is a monolithic reinforced concrete elevator shaft. The highest elevation above grade level is 16 m. The thesis also deals with relevant drawing documentations for chosen parts of construction.The building is located in the ski area VI and IV wind areas.
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Structural assessment of the reinforced concrete chimney
Teplý, Jakub ; Hasala, Ivo (referee) ; Girgle, František (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is assessment of existing condition reinforced concrete factory chimney, who has undergone structural and technical survey, under which was found many failures caused of horizontally tension - significant vertical cracks in the chimney stack. The object of this work will also make appropriate proposals rehabilitation of concrete stack by design prestressed cables monostrand in horizontal direction, grouting open cracks and reprofiling surface of chimney stack.
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Reinforcement concrete column strengthening via steel bandage
Stloukal, Štěpán ; Laníková, Ivana (referee) ; Šimůnek, Petr (advisor)
The steel bandage is an economical and effective widely used method for strengthening RC columns. Diploma thesis reviews most common design proposals for the types of the bandage with directly loaded and not directly loaded steel angles. This work also includes a comparison of the different constitutive laws for confined concrete. In order to simulate real behaviour of strengthened structure the numerical analysis has been carried out using non-linear software ATENA. According to the European standards and adopted hypotheses the simplified analytical model has been derived to be able to calculate load-bearing capacity of a strengthened column under normal force and bending moment. The proposed model considers the contribution in confinement pressure caused by steel bandage and the contribution of directly loaded angles. In addition, the direct application on real frame structure has been performed.
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Changes in the composition and localization of gangliosides in cholestasis associated with other markers of pathological processes in hepatocytes.
Petr, Tomáš ; Muchová, Lucie (advisor) ; Mičuda, Stanislav (referee) ; Befekadu, Asfaw (referee)
This thesis is focused on the study of glycosphingolipids in the rat liver in different types of cholestasis and the effect of oxidative stress on changes in the composition and localization of gangliosides. First, it was necessary to optimize the immunochemical detection of glycosphingolipids. GM1 ganglioside was selected as a representative of a large glycolipid family. We found that minimum water content in the fixing solution was a key condition for fixation of histological sections. Optimized method of GM1 detection was subsequently used in in vivo experiments. We have demonstrated that estrogen-induced cholestasis characterized by high concentrations of bile acids and increased oxidative stress caused changes in the synthesis and distribution of liver gangliosides. HMOX induction is associated with a reduction in oxidative stress level and accompanied by normalization in GSL content. In experiments with obstructive cholestasis, we found that changes in the distribution and synthesis of gangliosides were not strictly specific to a particular type of cholestasis. We assume that it represents a general mechanism of hepatoprotection. We also confirmed the important role of bilirubin, product of HMOX reaction, in protection of hepatocytes against oxidative damage caused by high concentrations of...
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