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Hodnocení softwarů pro stanovení porostních charakteristik na základě dat leteckého laserového skenování
Baťa, Daniel
The aim of the thesis is a comparison of software used for deriving stand characteristics using lidar data. A list of software for lidar data processing was compiled and three programs (ArcGIS, FUSION, TerraScan) were chosen for practical evaluation. Main data sources were lidar points acquired by ALS50-II scanner in the area north of Brno-Útěchov and data concerning the possition and height of trees on three reference plots measured by total station Topcon and rangemeter Trupulse 360. Firstly, the terrain (DTM) and surface (DSM) models were generated in the chosen programs. The results were compared to data gathered from terrain measurements. The most accurate program for generating DTM is TerraScan (RMSE 0.242 m). Second, by a close margin, is Natural Neighbour of ArcGIS (RMSE 0.284 m). The most accurate tree height measurement from DMS were made on DMS generated by Point Statistic of ArcGIS. The last common analysis was, using results of DTM and DSM of each program, an identification of trees by Inverse Watershed Segmentation and deduction of their height. Point Statistic proven to be the best tool in this test.
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Analysis of factors affecting a direct runoff from the catchment area
NEUBAUEROVÁ, Andrea
This diploma thesis follows my bachelor thesis. The main purpose of the bachelor thesis was to clarify fundamental terms and to explain the sorting of particular parts of a direct flow that involves both the surface saturated flow and the hypodermic flow. This diploma thesis is focusing on the origin of direct flow in a river basin. Specifically, it deals with river sub-basin P6, P52, and P53, which are located in Kopaninský potok river basin. Furthermore, it deals with Jenín I. and II. river basins and the last analysed is Ostřice river basin (SO2). Factors influencing direct flow are researched on all river basins. It is impossible to say that the origin of direct flow is caused solely by a single factor; it is always the result of multiple factors. Among these factors belongs the atmospheric precipitation, type of soil, vegetation, climatic and anthrophogenic conditions, land use, and inclination of the area. The bachelor thesis explains the issues of multiple methods of flow separation, but this diploma thesis is primarily focused on two methods for calculation of ratio between the direct and the total flow. 1) Empirical method GROUND, which is used to separate hydrographs of medium daily river basin flow. 2) Method of digital filter by Lyne Hollick separate fast and slowcomponents from the overall concentrated flow and are based on the theory od signal analysis. Afterwards, the results of flow separation were compared to the factors influencing the origin of the direct flow. The daily total flow rates for every analysed river basin were used as the input data for calculating the flow separation.
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The Influence of Kinesiotaping on postural stability in patients after total hip arthroplasty
Tani, Klejda ; Havlíčková, Michaela (advisor) ; Čech, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate and objectify the effects of Kinesiotaping on postural stability in pacients after total hip arthroplasty. The theoretical section of the thesis concentrates on providing information about the total hip arthroplasty, the stability of the motion systems and Kinesiotaping. Based on these information was assembled a report plan and hypotheses. The second part analyses the impact of Kinesiotaping on the activation of the trunk and femoral muscles during selected dynamic activities by using surface electromyography.
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Changes in wetlands - change trajectories, causes
Brašna, Vlastimil ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
This thesis analyzes the historical development of wetlands in corn production areas in Moravia, Czech Republic. Wetlands were analyzed changes in time and space for a period of 180 years.
The main objective is to analyze the development of wetland habitats in the landscape using old maps, aerial photographs and GIS. The bases were of the Imperial Imprints of the Stable cadastre from the first half of the 19th century and contemporary orthophoto. There were also used GIS layers of the current location of wetlands, farmland, forests, rivers and waterways. In historical documents were evaluated by two categories 1) wet meadows and 2) swamps and marshes. In the current surface are only evaluated wetlands.
The total area is 18054 ha. The area of wetlands dramatically decreased from 108 ha in the first half of the 19th century on 14 ha in 2015. Most of the wetlands have been converted to agricultural land - arable land (72 %), meadows and pastures (12 %). Wetlands succession was transformed to bushes (5,4 %). There was 5 % of the deaths of wetlands built and drained. Most wetlands have been transformed due to the pressure on the production function of the landscape in order to get more food. In the first half of the 19th century it was dominated by wet meadows, they had 684 ha. Despite the disappearance of a large part of the wetlands created new wetlands, which have 12.4 hectares. Most newly created wetlands are located in the cadastral area of Mutěnice. Only one wetland (1.68 ha) remained unchanged, located in cadastral Čejč. This wetland had a history of more land (25.15 hectares) and has been linked with Čejčské Lake.
The main result of this work is to determine the trajectories of development of wetland ecosystems in the lowlands of Moravia. Descriptions of these trajectories have contributed to understanding influences on the development of wetlands. Results wetlands contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of landscape ecology. The results can be used to restore extinct wetlands and creation of new wetlands in the historic wet meadows. The information obtained can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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Liver gangliosides in cholestasis induced by bile duct ligation.
Hynková, Barbora ; Entlicher, Gustav (advisor) ; Ledvinová, Jana (referee)
Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids located on the cell surface of all animal cell types. They play a role as receptor molecules, share in cell-to-cell interaction and protect the cell against harmful environmental factors by increasing of rigidity of cell surface. This diploma thesis studies an influence of experimental cholestasis on hepatic ganglioside composition. Cholestasis was induced by bile duct ligation in Wistar rats. A significant increase of total lipid bound sialic acid and b-series gangliosides (GD1b, GT1b, event. GD3) was found in cholestatic liver when compared with controls. These results found in obstructive cholestasis correspond with the results Majer et al. Biomed. Chromatogr., 21, 446-450 (2007), described in 17ethinylestradiol induced cholestasis, but the increase of b- series gangliosides was milder in our study. As a second point, an effect of modulated heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) activity was investigated in cholestatic rats (HO-1 activator- hemine, HO- 1 inhibitor- Sn- mesoporphyrin). An increase of a total lipid sialic acid was found in Sn-mesoporphyrin treated animals but without significant changes in gangliosides composition. Lipid sialic acid and gangliosides were not changed in animals with hemine activated HO-1. Expression of mRNA of key...
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Industrial deposits: Are they habitats of threatened or invasive species?
Vojtíšek, Pavel ; Tonika, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor)
There was made many deposits of industrial slags on our landscape during second half of 20th century. Many of deposits were abandoned without recultivation because of missing or inadequate legislation. Often very extreme habitat enables scientific research. Deposits and their surface are developing and stabilizing because of primary succession. This study works with two types of deposits: ash-slag and ore-washery sedimentation basins. During succession many plant species are introduced onto basin plateau. Ecosystem contains many unoccupied habitats and for invasive plant species it's easy to introduce into these free habitats. Contrariwise the ecosystem should pose a refuge point for ecological important plant species. In this study are worked data about total vegetational cover of vascular plants on 21 sedimentation basis (12 ash-slag and 9 ore-washery). From the data package were sorted out plants demonstrably invasive, potentially invasive and endangered plants. An occurrence of the species was compared with the type and age of sedimentation basin. Key words: Sedimentation basin, invasive plant, potentially invasive plant, endangered plant, life strategy, management
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ANCA-Associated Vasculitides : Complex Diagnostic Approach
Hrušková, Zdenka ; Posová, Helena (advisor) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee) ; Žák, Aleš (referee)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess cellular immunity parameters in patients with ANCA (Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies)-associated vasculitides (AAV) at different stages of the disease, with different treatment modalities, and with respect to the long-term prognosis of the patients. Methods: We examined 69 patients with AAV, 30 healthy individuals and 20 patients with chronic kidney disease. Using flow cytometry, the following markers were assessed in peripheral blood cells: surface molecules (CD4, CD8, CD3, CD19, CD80, CD86, HLA-DR, CD28, CXCR3, CCR5, CD30 and CRTH2) and intracellular cytokines (interferon gamma (IFN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 in CD3+ T cells and IL-10 and IL-12 in monocytes). Results: Patients with AAV had decreased total number of lymphocytes, CD4+ cells, and CD4+CD45RA+ cells compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). Active patients had increased CD30 and CRTH2 expression (p<0.05). Increased CCR5 expression persisted in remission. Increased HLA-DR expression, expansion of CD28 subpopulation and increased IFN production were noted in remission but not in active disease. Patients in remission who developed a relapse during follow-up had significantly lower IL-10 production than those without relapse (p<0.01). Conclusions: Taken...
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Mean areal precipitation method impact on runoff simulation
Janková, Jana ; Daňhelka, Jan (advisor) ; Čekal, Radek (referee)
Work presents physical geography of the Úpa River basin from the point of view of geology, geomorphology and soil characteristics. Climate, hydrography and hydrology are described in more detail. Úpa River basin is specific in its shape and position in the headwater where runoff is generated. Four sub-basins (Horní Maršov, Horní Staré Město, Slatina nad Úpou and Zlíč) were used for evaluation of mean areal precipitation (MAP) computation method impact on simulated flows. MAPs were computed for four intense rainfall episodes using arithmetic, Thiessen polygon and different settings of inverse distance method (= 2 or 3). These MAPs enter into hydrological forecasting and modeling system AquaLog that includes rainfall runoff model SAC-SMA. AquaLog and SAC-SMA are also described in this thesis. Modeled runoff series (based on different initial conditions) were analyzed in the meaning total runoff, peak flow, and fast runoff components (surface, sub-surface and direct). Results show that optimal results in the higher part of the basin provide inverse distance method with set to 3. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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