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Analysis of serine racemase expression in the CNS of epileptic patients
Vorlová, Barbora ; Maloy Řezáčová, Pavlína (referee) ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor)
Serine racemase is a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent enzyme that converts L-serine to D-serine. D-serine is a recognized physiological co-agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate type of glutamate receptors - key receptors that participate in the neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. Dysfunction of these receptors has been implicated in several neuropathologies, including schizophrenia, brain ischemia, neurodegenerative disorders and epilepsy. Serine racemase is thus a promising pharmaceutical target in these diseases. In this study, three anti-human serine racemase monoclonal antibodies were characterized and the best one was used for the Western blot detection of the enzyme in resected human epileptic tissues. For better interpretation of the results, accuracy of the tissue processing, the protein concentration determination and the Western blot quantification were verified. Finally, the activity of human serine racemase was determined with the L-serine-O-sulfate, the substrate with the highest-affinity to this enzyme. (Thesis in Czech)
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Tribological behavior of detonation nanodiamond dispersed in lubricants
Dočekal, Martin ; Čermák, Jan (referee) ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor)
Currently tribological laboratories are looking for a new type of solid ingredients, to create a lubricating composition with minimal friction, heat resistant, with particles well dispersed in oils, sedimentation stable, improving the running properties and to minimize the concentration of solids. Nanodiamonds (DND) could exhibit the possible solution. These particles (in nanometers size) have very good physical and chemical properties, high hardness and resistance. The main advantages are effectiveness at low concentrations, compatibility with various types of oils or environmental safety (carbon additive, unlike metal) in a comparison with other types of additives. However, it is necessary to study these ingredients. The aim of research was to examine the influence of diamond nanoparticles on friction in a lubricated contact (elastohydrodynamic mode). Using tribological equipment, 3D optical profilometer and a microscope, we compared and evaluated using oil with diamond nanoparticles as well as without them. The research focused on the behavior of nanoparticles in contact and the effect they have on friction. To assess these properties of nanodiamonds, EHD optical tribometer was used (this is a device designed for the study of thin lubricating films). 3D optical profilometer and a microscope to assess the wear. And to determine the relationship between the coefficient of friction (COF) and time, Mini Traction Machine was used.
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Phytochemical study of Evolvulus alsinoides IV
Svačinová, Jana ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Opletal, Lubomír (referee)
SOUHRN Provedla jsem výzkum petroletherového extraktu Evolvulus alsinoides L. Sloupcovou chromatografií jsem získala celkem 113 frakcí, z nichž pro další výzkum jsem zvolila frakce 3-4, 5-7, 15-16, 17, 36-40, které se jevily jako perspektivní. Sumární petroletherový (Pe) extrakt byl podroben testování na akutní toxicitu. Test akutní toxicity nebylo možno s extraktem adekvátně provést, jelikož podmínkou jeho provedení je rozpustnost vzorku ve vodě. U emulze Pe extraktu s vodou byl výsledek negativní. Pe extrakt vykazoval slabou antioxidační aktivitu. Výsledky testování na antioxidační aktivitu mohly být zkresleny vzhledem k malé rozpustnosti extraktu v použitém rozpouštědle. Z frakce 3-4 (1,3244 g) bylo získáno 0,02 g čistých krystalů bílé barvy a voskovité konzistence s teplotou tání 58-82 řC, které byly dle provedené TLC pravděpodobně směsí tří látek. Srovnávací TLC ukázala, že se nejednalo o kyselinu palmitovou a stearovou. Pomocí GC/MS bylo zjištěno, že krystalický podíl frakce 3-4 představuje směs látek. Jedná se o kyselinu 8-methyldekanovou, kyselinu olejovou, alifatický uhlovodík a polynenasycené mastné kyseliny, které nebylo možno pro jejich malé množství blíže specifikovat. Stanovení antioxidační aktivity u krystalického podílu frakce 3-4 bylo negativní. Frakce 5-7 (2,7028 g) poskytla 0,0052 g...
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Study of cytotoxicity of potential antituberculotics using selected methods on liver and kidney cell line
Katrnošková, Simona ; Ramos Mandíková, Jana (advisor) ; Bárta, Pavel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Mgr. Simona Katrnošková Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Ramos Mandíková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Study of cytotoxicity of potential antituberculotics using selected methods on liver and kidney cell line During pharmacologic therapy, tissues of liver and kidney are frequently exposed to high doses of xenobiotics. Via in vitro assays during preclinical testing, we are able to predict potential toxicity which helps to prevent the possible serious adverse drug reactions in clinical practice. The aim of this rigorous thesis was to state the cytotoxic profile of 4 potential antituberculotic drug candidates using appropriate cell models and in vitro assays. Another aim was to compare the cytotoxic effect of the tested compounds among themselves and to 4-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) which antituberculotic activity is known for many years. The tested substances were 3 salicylanilide diethyl phosphate-based derivatives and 4-(trifluormethyl)benzoic acid. For the cytotoxic potential assessment, we used the parameter half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50. We have used methods determining the cell metabolic activity, aminopeptidase activity, lactate dehydrogenase leakage and activity of 3/7 caspases in this...
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The Study of Leukaemia Specific Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers
Kouba, Daniel ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor)
In my theses I concentrated on examination of specific prognostic markers of acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Today by AML diagnose the cytogenetic abnormalities are considered the main prognostic marker. Patients, whose prognostic group it is not possible to identify with certainty just on the bases of cytogenetic examination, can be stratified by proving the presence of specific gene mutations or high expression levels of of some genes. The most important and most frequently identified prognostic marker by AML is mutation of FLT3-LM. Protein coded by this gene is also a hypothetical aim of the treatment. The crucial diagnostic marker of CML is the gene bcr-abl, which, in most of the cases, is a product of t(22,9). The discovery of inhibitors of tyroxine kinase bcr-abl brought about a substantial change into the aproach of the treatment as well as into the prognose of the ill. Through examination of immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene mutation status it is possible to divide patients with CLL into two subgroups with different pathogenesis and advancement of the illness. Other prognostic data can be acquired from cytogenetic examination and from essay of the level of CD38 and ZAP-70.
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The regular observance of obligatory school attendance in context of social benefits
JINDROVÁ, Markéta
The main task and objective of this bachelor thesis was to present a public research in know how of social benefits in observance of obligatory school attendence together with knowledge of an off take of social benefits depending on non observance of obligatory school attendance. Next objective was to present a comprehensive list of this issue. Besides these main objectives, partial objectives were determined e.g. to uncover the quality in communication between clerks and clients and also to compare their point of view on each other. For documentation purpose were made three different hypotheses. Hypotheses No.1: The aspirant for social benefits is convinced, that he has claim for benefits without any circumstances. Hypotheses No.2: The clients who dealt with clerks in the office don{\crq}t consider the behavior of the clerk in most cases willing. Hypotheses No.3: The knowledge of social benefits depending on observance of obligatory school attendance in the public have mostly just people who achieved secondary school education . Two methods (qualitative and quantitative analysis) are used for this project. To be more specific first method was mainly questioning together with an observation and the second was a questionary together with an interview. One questionary was concentrating on clients who mainly depends on benefits becase of their bad economical situation. Second questionary was concentrating on average population. The clerks from department for social matters in Klatovy and Domazlice were the interviewrs. The hypothese No.2 was confirmed. Clients in most cases believe that the behavior of clerks is unwilling. On the other hand the clerks do not agree with this statement. To determinate the real estate of this problem it would need more and longer research on a bigger group of respondents without the consideration on benefits. The hypothese No.1 also confirmed that the respondents are convincent of their claim on soscial benefits. Just the hypothese No.3 wasn´t confirmed. The reaserch showed that the knowledge and the subconscious about social benefits is good. The reason of a goood know how in public of social benefits can be discolosure of information thru the internet, a new information technology, the interest in social sphere or giving information in terms of education.
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CONTRACTILE FUNCTIONS AND SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF THE ALBINO RAT DIABETIC HEART
Švíglerová, Jitka ; Pučelík, Pavel (advisor) ; Ošťádal, Bohuslav (referee) ; Pelouch, Václav (referee)
Contractile functions and sympathetic innervation of the albino rat diabetic heart Thesis Summary: The aim of this thesis was to describe: 1. The impact of untreated long-termed diabetes induced by streptozotocin on cardiac contractile functions and their sympathetic regulation in rat. 2. The effect of insulin on cardiac contraction in control and diabetic myocardium. In the diabetic group, the contraction force was significantly decreased compared to control group. The norepinephrine-releasing mechanisms were altered in chronically diabetic rats and may contribute to the decreased norepinephrine concentration in the diabetic heart. Insulin exerted a significant negative inotropic effect in rat myocardium, both control and diabetic. This effect was probably related to processes of SR Ca2+ release triggering, whereas SR Ca2+ loading is not involved. MUDr. Jitka Švíglerová Plzeň, 2006
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De-merger of companies
Grohoľová, Alžběta ; Vomáčková, Hana (advisor) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to describe the complex transaction that is de-merger. It outlines the legal process of divisions, accounting and tax procedures. From the legal point of view, the main emphasis is put on the decisive date and draft terms of division. The accounting part concentrates on valuation and deferred tax. There is also a brief characterization of corporate income tax regarding divisions. The last part of this thesis describes some examples from accounting practice and their analysis and comparison.
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Possibilities of UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) induction in rat hepatocytes in in vivo conditions
Bolehovská, Radka ; Červinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kalous, Martin (referee) ; Novotný, Dalibor (referee)
Possibilities of UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) induction in rat hepatocytes in in vivo conditions Introduction Uncoupling protein 2, discovered in 1997, is the first described homologue of uncoupling protein 1. Uncoupling proteins increase the permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane for protons, decrease the efficiency of energy conversion, inhibit the ATP synthesis and stimulate energy release in form of heat. Uncoupling proteins also increase the substrate oxidation and reduce production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. Objective, material and method The aim of this study was to establish and optimised the quntitative real-time PCR for detection of UCP2 mRNA expression kinetics in rat liver tissue. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of acute and chronic treatment with triiodothyronine and the effect of partial hepatectomy on liver uncoupling protein 2 mRNA levels in male Wistar rats. Results Intraperitoneal injection of one dose of triiodothyronine (200 μg/kg rat body weight) increased mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 2 in liver tissue almost 2-fold (P < 0.01 vs. control group) in rats 12 hours after T3 administration. Concentrations of total triiodothyronine and free triiodothyronine in serum were increased 122-fold and 77-fold (p < 0.001), respectively....
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