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Frequency and causes of injuries of children in pre-hospital emergency care
MINAŘÍKOVÁ, Petra
Injuries represent the greatest danger for children and the most frequent cause of their death. A certain dangerous situation precedes every injury and as such it can always be prevented. Emergency rescue teams provide professional urgent pre-hospital care. Based on theoretical knowledge and practical experience of a member of a rescue team providing pre-hospital urgent care, two research objectives were determined. Objective no. 1 was to map out the number of children{\crq}s injuries in the regional centre of České Budějovice between 2004-2008. Objective no. 2 was to analyze the situations in which children of various ages get injured. Three hypotheses were determined. Hypothesis no. 1 ``Children living in towns get injured more frequently than children in villages``, was not confirmed. Hypothesis no. 2 ``Children up to 6 years of age most frequently suffer injuries when they are at home and their parents are not cautious enough``, was confirmed. The last determined hypothesis ``Children between 6 {--} 18 years of age get injured during active sports and traffic accidents most frequently``, was confirmed. It is more efficient to invest in preventative activities that reduce the number and seriousness of injuries in children. If we take measures to prevent injuries, the number of fatalities will go down.
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Social work with non-conformal subculture members {--} sprayers in České Budějovice
JERSÁKOVÁ, Klára
Graffiti is often discussed and medialised phenomenon at present days. A sprayer is usually presented as a young member of graffiti subculture who realises his need of adrenalin in this way and quite often connected to other pathological phenomena such as deliquency or drug use. In the work I focus on explaining the meaning of ``subculture``and its origin and function. I also try to understand and deepen knowledge of graffiti from art and pathological aspects. Motivation of graffiti production forms the basis of the work. The aim of the work is to describe and map out the sprayer subculture in České Budějovice in the framework of preventive and repressive measures. A qualitative methods of structured interview and observation are used in the research. It is completed with a secondary data analysis based on literature. The aimed group consists of sprayers in České Budějovice and they are chosen through the snowball technique. The complementary group consists of professionals who are in contact with sprayers. The hypotheses, due to the qualitative research, were stated on the results. The conclusion is that the basic motivation of graffiti production is the need of self-expression and self-determination. The fact that the group provides these people with confidence and friendly relations plays an enormous role. Social pathology is not necessarily connected with graffiti. To understand motivation and experience of the sprayers is a cornerstone of the work. It could help better understanding between sprayers and repressive bodies. A man should know at least a bit about the facts before he presents his mostly negative verdicts.
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Mutations in MLH1 gene and MSI status as molecular characteristics of sporadic colorectal cancer
Čaja, Fabián ; Vodička, Pavel (advisor) ; Kadlecová, Jitka (referee)
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the Czech Republic. In general, there are two molecular pathways leading to CRC: one is characterized by chromosomal instability, the other by the deficiency in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. MutL homologue 1 (MLH1) gene, a member of the MMR gene-family, represents a key component of the MMR system, responsible for recognition of nucleotide mismatches occurring during DNA replication, and for the recruitment of repair proteins to correct the replication errors. According to literature, somatic mutations in MMR genes, and MLH1 in particular, hallmark sporadic, MMR deficient, CRC cases. We aimed at analyzing somatic events in MLH1 gene and the determination of microsatellite instability (MSI) status in 99 DNA samples from 96 patients with sporadic CRC. Mutations were screened by high resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis. Positive cases in each run were subsequently verified by automated sequencing. Mainly gene variants were found in MLH1 gene: We discovered two new variants, one in exon 2 at position c. 204 C>G, p. Ile68Met (98 C/C, 1C/G) and the other in exon 11 at position c. 973 C>T, p. Arg325Trp (98 C/C, 1 C/T). Only the latter variant c. 973 C>T was identified as somatic mutation. All other variants found in MLH1 gene...
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Legal regulation of ownership of cooperative flats
Semjanová, Dáša ; Oehm, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Čech, Petr (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to describe the legal regulation of ownership of cooperative flat. The thesis is composed of four chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of legislation of ownership of cooperative flat. Chapter one is composed of four main subchapters, and contains brief descriptions of basic institutes of each cooperative. The first chapter also contains an explanation what the cooperative is, who are the members of cooperative, what is an organization and regulations of cooperative, and how the cooperative expires. Second chapter is aimed on the flat cooperative. Its first part contains short historical overview of legal regulation of flat cooperative since their creation, till the second half of the twentieth century. Second subchapter explains the concept of the flat cooperative. Inside the following two subchapters of this chapter are described kinds of a typical flat cooperatives, and detailed described the concept of cooperative flat. Third chapter of the thesis analyzes the transfers of the flats cooperatives to the ownership of their members. In the first subchapter is an explanation of the legal regulation, which offers the change between the owner of the flat from the cooperative to its member-man. In this part are also described the theoretical conceptions of...
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Legal regulation of ownership of cooperative flats
Semjanová, Dáša ; Oehm, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Čech, Petr (referee)
69 Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to describe the legal regulation of ownership of cooperative flat. The thesis is composed of four chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of legislation of ownership of cooperative flat. Chapter one is composed of four main subchapters, and contains brief descriptions of basic institutes of each cooperative. The first chapter also contains an explanation what the cooperative is, who are the members of cooperative, what is an organization and regulations of cooperative, and how the cooperative expires. Second chapter is aimed on the flat cooperative. Its first part contains short historical overview of legal regulation of flat cooperative since their creation, till the second half of the twentieth century. Second subchapter explains the concept of the flat cooperative. Inside the following two subchapters of this chapter are described kinds of a typical flat cooperatives, and detailed described the concept of cooperative flat. Third chapter of the thesis analyzes the transfers of the flats cooperatives to the ownership of their members. In the first subchapter is an explanation of the legal regulation, which offers the change between the owner of the flat from the cooperative to its member- man. In this part are also described the theoretical...
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Europeanisation of Criminal Law
Oravcová, Martina ; Herczeg, Jiří (advisor) ; Gřivna, Tomáš (referee)
Europeanisation of Criminal Law Summary Throught the use of common adaptation of the basic principles of criminal law in the european dimension there is a possibility to remove an opacity and inefficiency of individual national and international instruments of criminal law so far. This effort can be the best observed in the procedures of the European Community or European Union. It should all happen by harmonizing laws and strengthening cooperation between the European Union member states. Integration of criminal law is pointed to be done in three main directions. First, it affects substantive criminal law by harmonizing particular merits of criminal offences. Second, it already affected criminal procedure by achieving mutual recognition of judicial decisions. The third way of integration is the institutional framework for judicial cooperation in criminal matters, followed-up by institutions of criminal cooperation. Criminal law as a public law is closely related to the state sovereignty. This fact, even today, suspends the opportunity to create sort of unified system of transnational criminal law within the European Union. Moreover, the very concept of criminal law is not clearly established in European law as it is in Czech law. For example, it includes even different illegal dealings than regular...
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Business share in a limited liability company as a subject-matter of legal relations
Slonková, Lucie ; Čech, Petr (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
The limited liability company is the most used form of company in the Czech Republic. Each shareholder of the company holds an ownership interest which represents the rights and the duties derived from shareholders participation and possible source of his income. The ownership interest is also an atractive object of transfer which can be transfered to another member of a company or to the third person. The purpose of my thesis is to analyse current legal regulation and courts judicature concerning transfer of ownership interest with respect to drafts of new Civil Code and Commercial Code. The thesis is composed of two main chapters. The first one is introductory and only generally defines the limited lability company and ownership interest. This part also provides information on main changes arising from drafts of new regulation. The second chapter focuses on transfer of ownership interest. This chapter consists of seven subchapters. One subchapter focuses on contract on transfer of ownership interest, another one deals with the posibility to transfer the ownership interest by contract of sale of an enterprise. One of these subchapters addresses the issue of the loyalty duty and the liability when transfering the ownership interest. One of the subchapters concentrates on problems resulting from...
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The Prohibition of Discrimination as a Legal Problem in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights
Dolejšová Kabelová, Kristýna ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Hubálková, Eva (referee) ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee)
The Prohibition of Discrimination as a Legal Problem in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights JUDr. Kristýna Dolejšová Kabelová This dissertation thesis is focused on the examination of the prohibition of discrimination in the European system of the protection of human rights as based on the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamentals Freedoms (hereinafter referred to it as the "European Convention"). The European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter referred to as the "European Court"), in its role as a component of this system of protection, acts as an international judicial organ that reviews individual applications concerning an alleged breach of the European Convention by a Member State. In the area of the protection of human rights such prohibition of discrimination is based on the fundamental principle of equality, and constitutes an integral part of all important international instruments for the protection of such rights, and of the modern national legal orders of states. Inevitably, however, the legal systems of modern-day states are built upon distinctions, categorizations and classifications inherent to their societies, creating unintentional opportunities for discrimination. The problem of the prohibition of discrimination consists in delimiting the...
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European arrest warrant
Brunová, Jitka ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee) ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor)
The reason for my research is to analyze and highlight the facts about passage of Council framework decision on European arrest warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States, its contents and implementation into legal orders of member states. Chapter one describes the history of international judicial cooperation in criminal matters and the grounds for approval to a suggestion of the idea of European arrest warrant. Second chapter deals with the content of this framework decision, its realation to international treaties dealing with judicial cooperation in criminal matters (namely European Convention on Extradition). In fourth part of this chapter are described dates and relevant legislation on implementation in each member state with focus on possible limitation of application with regard to citizenship of the requested person. In third chapter I illustrate the implementation of this framework decision into legal order of Czech republic, decision of Constitutional Court about constitutionality of the amended legislation and its conformity with basic principles of penal law of Czech republic. Fourth chapter compares the process of classic extradition and extradition on the grounds of European arrest warrant, the advantages and disadvantages of these procedures. Chapter five describes the...
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Legal Status of Members of the European Parliament
Hannibal, Marek ; Svoboda, Pavel (advisor) ; Tomášek, Michal (referee)
Postavení poslanců Evropského parlamentu je do značné míry specifické. Je upraveno komunitárním právem, které však nechává členským státům značný prostor pro přizpůsobení některých aspektů mandátu poslance Evropského parlamentu národním zvláštnostem. Toto řešení není zcela ideální, neboť přináší do parlamentního sboru odlišné podmínky v závislosti na stát, ve kterém byli poslanci zvoleni. Problematickým se jeví stanovení odlišných podmínek práva volit a být volen, stanovení neslučitelnosti funkcí, výsad a imunit poslanců, otázka zániku mandátu, stanovení procedury pro nástupnictví náhradníků a v neposlední řadě i finančních záležitostí. Právní roztříštěnost co do formy a rozsahu právní úpravy je pro postavení poslanců jevem téměř symbolickým.
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