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Purchase and implementation of the Q-Andoni at Škoda Auto joint-stock company
Kellerová, Karolína Melita ; Zelená, Veronika (advisor) ; Váchová, Lucie (referee)
This Bachelor thesis follows up the description of a shopping process in chosen company Škoda Auto joint-stock company and following proposal to raise effectivity, reduce costs and workers loads and finding a way to save money.The theoretical part follows up interpretation of various concepts from the area of purchasing and lean management.The practical part of the thesis follows up the introduction of Škoda Auto joint-stock company and it is being focused on purchasing department and its process, methods and the system usage habits.For better imagination will be the process described and illustrated on test case which concerns purchasing and implementation of Q-Andon system. The Q-Andon system belongs to the area of downsizing production.At the end, I added a recommendation to improve present process to increase effectivity and save more money.
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Plasmodiophora brassicae on winter rape
Řičařová, Veronika ; Ryšánek, Pavel (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an important crop in the Czech Republic. Clubroot disease caused by the pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. is a serious and still-growing problem for oilseed rape growers. Research on P. brassicae in the Czech Republic is therefore important for the development of effective strategies to manage clubroot under Czech environmental conditions.
One of the aims of this study was monitoring of this pathogen. The disease was previously widespread in commercial vegetable production and in hobby gardens. Since 2010, oilseed rape clubroot started to spread across the whole country, whereas it had previously only been observed in the northeast. Clubroot occurrence was monitored for five years by the Union of Oilseed Growers and Processors on the basis of disease symptoms present on oilseed rape fields. The presence of P. brassicae and clubroot symptoms were reported in all regions of the Czech Republic, except the Ústecký Region, and in 31 out of 76 districts. At present, at least 130 fields are known to be infested by the pathogen, but this number is very likely underestimated. Some soil samples were also tested by conventional PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to evaluate the possibility of their usage. All 14 suspected samples tested positive by PCR.
The next aim was to evaluate the pathotype composition of P. brassicae populations from the Czech Republic, according to the three evaluation systems, and to determine soil inoculum loads for representative fields via traditional end-point PCR as well as quantitative PCR analysis. There were considerable differences between the populations of P. brassicae, and the number of pathotypes varied depending on the evaluation system and the threshold used to distinguish susceptible vs. resistant plant reactions. This is the first study comparing the effect of different thresholds. Using an index of disease (ID) of 25 % to distinguish susceptible vs. resistants reactions, there was a total of five pathotypes identified based on the differentials of Williams, five with the system of Somé et al., and 10 with the European Clubroot Differential (ECD) set. However, based on a threshold of 50%, there were five pathotypes according to the evaluation system by Williams, four based on the differentials of Somé et al. and 8 with the ECD set. Changing of the thresholds led to the reclassification of some pathotypes. Pathotypes 7 by Williams was the most frequent in both thresholds. High amounts of pathogen DNA were found in many of the field soils analysed by quantitative PCR.
Experiments with P. brassicae-resistant cultivars of winter oilseed rape were conducted in an infested field and greenhouse. In the greenhouse, six resistant cultivars were grown in infested soil collected from various fields in the Czech Republic and assessed for index of disease (ID %). The best results bring cultivar Mentor (2+- 0.7 %) closely followed by cultivar SY Alister (5+-1.1 %), the highest ID had cultivar CHW 241 (30+-3.8%). In the field experiment, seven resistant cultivars were grown, and disease development was monitored monthly. The lowest index of disease brought cultivar Andromeda (3+- 0.8 %) and PT 235 (4+-1.5 %), the highest ID has cultivar CWH 241(46 +- 6.5 %) in the first season and in the second season any cultivar achieved 25 % ID. Yields were measured at the end of the cropping season. The highest yield was achieved by cultivar SY Alister (6.1 t/ha) in the first season and cultivar PT 242 (5.03 t/ha) in the second season. The inoculum level was measured across the field by (qPCR), and a map of the infestation was created. The highest spore concentration was found on the field entrance. Collectively, the information obtained on the effectiveness of host resistance and pathogenic diversity of P. brassicae populations from the Czech Republic may help to more effectively manage clubroot in this country.
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Lubrication of hip joint replacements
Rebenda, David ; Hartl, Martin (referee) ; Vrbka, Martin (advisor)
This thesis deals with the experimental study of lubrication of hip joint replacements. The influence of the synovial fluid composition and the head material to the lubricating film thickness were asssesed by using a pendulum hip joint simulator. Both of these effects were assesed under static and dynamic loading conditions. The experimental results showed that the movement of the head against the cup is unnecessary for the separation of the rubbing surfaces by a layer of adsorbed proteins. Composition of the synovial fluid then significantly influences the thickness of the lubricating film. Two opposite extremes have been observed during tests with two model synovial fluids. The first fluid formed a very strong lubricating film. The second sample almost prevent adsorption of proteins and consequently formed only very thin lubricating film. The influence of the material is noticeable when comparing the results obtained with a metal head and ceramic heads. Metal head formes under the same conditions thicker lubricating film. This evidence may be partly influenced by different diametrical clearances, which were in the case of ceramic heads higher.
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Study of sediment transport, flood protection and outline of flood plan in chosen part of the river Thaya
Berka, Ondřej ; Zachoval, Zbyněk (referee) ; Veselý, Jaroslav (advisor)
Bachalor's thesis „Study of Sediment Transport, Flood Protection and Outline of Flood Plan in Chosen Part of the River Thaya“ is divided into four parts. In the first one, I describe chosen part of the river Thaya from the Nové Mlýny to the Břeclav weir with focus on geographic, geological and hydrogeological conditions, hydrotechnical structures and river adjustments, biota and protected areas, demography and Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape. In the second part, I determine, by bed load samples granulometric analysis, the source of sediments, which appeard under the Břeclav weir. In the third part, I describe chosen area from the view of flood protection, I describe historical floods and I assess capacity of chosen problematic profiles using HEC-RAS program. In the last part, I focus on flood protection of the village Lednice and of the part of Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape, I describe problems of this area in context of flood protection and I suggest outline of the Flood Plan of the Village Lednice.
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Knowledge Data Discovery
Jaroš, Ondřej ; Stryka, Lukáš (referee) ; Jurka, Pavel (advisor)
This Bachelor work describes knowledge data discovery. There are in detail described methods of data mining in this text. This work is focusing principally on Associative rules method of knowledge data discovery, applying Apriory algorithm. The purpose of this work was to implement chosen method and verify its functionality on particular sample of data. Application is implemented in Java programming language and the sample of data, used for our method, is saved in XML file. Application doesnt work with classic database, but with XML file. Information needed to run the program is loaded from input (system) XML document. Discovered data are saved to system XML document.
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Implementation of laser technology
Urban, Jan ; Mouralová, Kateřina (referee) ; Osička, Karel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the replacement of wire cutting laser cutting for cutting inserts made of hard material. Description of current situation in the company Vydona, tender and choice of laser and the need for post-laser workshop. The next section deals with the cutting of a particular sample. The last part of the technical economic assessment are calculated hourly rates of machines and the time and cost loads of different cutting inserts.
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Tensile and Fatigue Testing of Thin Fibres and Foils
Štěrbáček, Jaroslav ; Liškutín, Petr (referee) ; Kruml, Tomáš (advisor)
A testing system MTS Tytron 250 with an original construction was bought at the Institute of Physics of Materials, AVCR v.v.i. The main aim of this diploma thesis was to obtain experiences with the controlling of the system and with its advantages and limitations. The tensile tests were performed on Al fibres with diameters of 125 micrometer, 180 micrometer a 500 micrometer, nylon fibres of 250 micrometer and 500 micrometer and tensile and cyclic tests on Al foil of 77 micrometer in thickness. It was found that the machine is suitable for testing of either subtle specimens with low loading forces or specimens with low stiffness as e.g. polymers or very long metallic or ceramic fibres. On the other side, the Tytrom system is not able to perform tests on specimens with a high stiffness and high loading forces. Material parameters were determined with a high reproducibility. Advantages and limitations of several types of subtle specimen's fixation into the grips were studied too.
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Comparison of fatigue fracture criteria for torsion
Roh, Marek ; Slámečka, Karel (referee) ; Horníková, Jana (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to determine which criteria better suits the life prediction of the test sample loaded in the pulsating torsion. In the first part of this thesis fatigue failure will be examined, then fluctuating stresses will be characterized along with shear stress. Characteristics of the materials used will be specified in the second part. Lastly, the most appropriate criteria will be determined.
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