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Outer factors influencing image creation of the USSR in Czechoslovakia between World Wars
Lomíček, Jan ; Jančík, Drahomír (referee) ; Štaif, Jiří (advisor)
There were several outer aspects influencing the image of Soviet Russia in Czechoslovakia between World Wars. On the one hand it was Soviet propaganda using all possible means at that time to create abroad a positive image of SSSR. On the other hand, there were various control mechanisms and institutions monitoring foreigners in the Soviet territory. It was VOKS (The All- Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries ) and the Soviet state travel agency Intourist, to name the most significant of them. The amount of places the visitors were able to visit was limited, just as the available information and that is why the reality shown in their literary works was distorted. The writers who tried to present an objective description of the situation in the Soviet Union were often dependent on theoretical information without the possibility to verify their theories in practice. A significant number of leftwing intelectuals considered the dictatorship of the proletariat to be a political vanguard. They sticked to these beliefs because they did not have any opportunity to discover the real consequences of Bolshevik government on the people in the Soviet Union.
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Changes in a presentation of a "good" scout
Reslerová, Kateřina ; Švec, Štefan (advisor) ; Suk, Pavel (referee)
Main theme of the diploma thesis is the children's magazine Junák, which is especially intended for members of the Czech Scout organization Junák. The thesis deals with the main ideas of the Scout Movement and its significance for the society. Further, it describes the history of Czech scouting from the beginning up to now. Subsequent part pays attention to the magazine Junák, its history and importance for the members to the Czech Scout organization. The second practical part is devoted to the research of the changes in a presentation of an ideal scout member in a various time periods based on articles published in the magazine Junák. As a method the quantitative content analysis is used. The survey explores how the characteristics, abilities, values and activities of the "good" scout have changed since the beginning of the 20th century. In addition it tries to find out if the scout was influenced by the contemporary political and social circumstances. The research part consists of eight particular presentations created by eight representative volumes of the magazine Junák. Conclusion is comprised of the summarizing overview based on the previous presentations. It stresses the changes and differences of the attributes of the scouts over almost one hundred years.
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King, knight, squire and their virtues according to the Old Czech romance Tristram and Izalda
Kotrbová, Jana ; Fantysová Matějková, Jana (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
The thesis deals with an Old Czech novel in verse Tristram and Izalda. Initially, I examine the genre of chivalric novel in the context of Czech literature of the thirteenth and fourteenth century. I am interested in the view of literary history on these texts and primarily in the assessment of Tristram and Izalda. I pursue the reception of the Tristanian topic in the Czech environment, which has first been introduced to the German versions of this epic. The Old Czech translation from second half of 14th century gains from three German sources that are variously combined. I endeavour to use the novel as a source reflecting the ideological world of the Czech aristocracy of late mediaeval times. I have defined - on the basis of the characters present in the novel - four social groups: rulers, knights and court officials, noble women and servants. On the selected virtues - faithfulness, generosity, wisdom and honour - and social relationships - friendship, marriage and love - I observe the way of their depiction at individual social groups. Each social position carries different expectations. The attribution of characteristic features and the preferred type of behaviour reveal a clear hierarchy. The central character is the knight, to whom the other groups are always specifically related. In my opinion, the...
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The death penalty
Papřoková, Veronika ; Moravec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Dvorská, Daniela (referee)
The death penalty is very controversial topic in contemporary society that is discussed at both national and international level. The aim of my thesis is to describe this topic from various perspectives. The first part is dedicated to theoretical analysis of this issue, the definition of punishment, definition of the death penalty, its function and purpose. This section also describes the practice of the death penalty in the past and present. Another area deals with the legislative anchoring based on international instruments or national laws. The practical part is devoted to the topic of the death penalty in terms of the coherence of several aspects, especially the social, cultural and religious influence. The essence of this section is to demonstrate the interconnectedness of these effects in relation to the number of death sentences in individual countries or regions.
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Three stories between East and West: "Virtuous young man", "Divine lover", "Sacrifice of a child"
Špicová, Zuzana ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the realization of three narratives -"Virtuous Young Man", "Divine Lover", and "Sacrifice of a Child"- in diverse literatures of East and West. Basic form, characters/(arche)types, and motifs and their possible variations depending on cultural, literary, and religious/mythological setting are presented for each plot. Using historical and comparative poetics, each plot is analysed from the first extant adaptations in European and non-European literatures to the modern ones. The thesis puts an emphasis on specification and configuration of particular motifs, variations depending on the religious-mythological context, and tension between the same and different, general pattern and specific realization, type and character.
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Theravada Buddhist monks in Sri Lanka: past and present
Skála, Ondřej ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee) ; Kašpar, Oldřich (advisor)
The diploma thesis presented here informs the academic public on a specific social group of Theravadian monks in Sri Lanka. The paper focuses mainly on providing a detailed survey of the present situation of Theravadian forest monks and their relations to the main-stream modern society of Sri Lanka. The author of the thesis presents the findings, which he collected during his field research between October 2004 and September 2006. The method he had chosen, the "living-in research" enabled him to become a full member of the monastic community. Therefore, besides from being an involved observer of the examined phenomena, he was able to participate in the action himself. The synchronous aspect of this work consists in a detailed examination of the present situation of the individual subjects and relations among them. The position of a monk (bhikkhu) and that of the monastic community (Sangha) in Sri Lanka traces back to 2000 years ago and the mutual monk-laymen relations have undergone many changes. For this reason, a part of the thesis is dedicated to monitoring the development of the Sangha and its position from the very beginning to the present times. Within this part, the author goes into more depth when describing the dynamic phenomena related to the culmination of colonialism in the second half of 19th...
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Effective using of potential of bilingual environment
HOVORKOVÁ, Eva
The dissertation thesis "How to use the potential of bilingual environment efficiently" endeavors to highlight bad as well as good practices in bilingual upbringing. Bilingualism represents at present a very topical issue. In connection with increasing globalization, the issue of learning of foreign languages is more and more emphasised. People living in mixed marriages have often no idea how to bring their children up. In many cases they take steps that lead to irreversible consequences. The theoretical part of the thesis gives a survey of bilingualism, the division and kinds of bilingualism and ways of its acquisiton. The theory is practically illustrated in the empirical part through various examples. 42 case studies have been carried out, which include characteristic and uncharacteristic respondents. The findings of the research are compared with the facts mentioned in the reference works. The aim of the dissertation thesis is to find out which educational methods should parents follow in bilingual education and which methods they should better avoid.
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Czech society in the 21st century from the perspective of gender statistics
Tomsová, Tereza ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Holá, Bohdana (referee)
The Czech Republic has subscribed to fulfil the conclusions of the Fourth World Conference about Women held in Beijing in 1995. The state therefore took upon itself the obligations to address and resolve issues of equality between men and women. During the period of the 21st century gender equality has became one of the major issues being in the centre of attention of the Government, ministries and other state organs. The data and information divided by gender are collected, analyzed and presented by the Czech Statistical Office in gender statistics. The main objective of this thesis is, by using the available data statistics, to compare the status of men and women in selected areas, and with help of the concerned economic and social indicators, to map the situation and developments in the Czech society in the 21st century. In other word to find out where and to what extent the gender differences mainly occur. The analytical part of the thesis then investigates whether there have been any more significant after-shift, change, or development of selected indicators of gender statistics during the 21 century and, if so, in which analyzed area, what gender and to what extent.
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The Role of Religious Law in the Legal system of the State of Israel The Agunah
Sedláková, Dominika ; Sládek, Pavel (advisor) ; Boušek, Daniel (referee)
The present M.A. thesis deals with the role of Jewish religious law in the legal system of the State of Israel. The aim of this work is to describe unique nature of Israeli legal system due to the incorporation of Jewish religious law. The thesis focuses at the marital and divorce law. This legal branch was the most influenced by Jewish religious. The case of agunot, litteraly chained women, was chosen as an example of the application of Jewish religious law in the legal system of a modern country. Agunah is a woman who is not permitted to remarry because she has not been given a divorce list nor she is widowed. The problem of agunot is rather ancient and Jewish scholars have tried to find a solution for many centuries. However, nowadays when society calls for an equality between genders and for standard human rights, this issue is even more pressing than ever before. Hardly is a woman accorded right to human dignity if her husband can keep her at his own mercy. At the absence of systemic legal tool, the whole community, including the Orthodox rabbis, should be willing to exert moral pressure such as banning lenient men from synagogue offices and honors to help women to be released from their marriage. More so because the motive behind withholding a geṭ is in most cases economic or other benefit....
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Law Aspects of Corruption of Police and Courts in the Czech Republic
Štěrba, Ondřej ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Žák, Květoslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the law aspects of corruption of police and courts in the Czech Republic. Theoretical part describes historical development of corruption and how its perception has changed during the development of our society, definition of corruption and crimes which it comes from. Next part presents structure and function of governmental anti-corruption organisations - police, courts and prosecution and non-governmental organisations represented by Anti-Corruption Endowment Fund, which operates in Czech Republic since 2011. To the international anti-corruption organisations belong European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), European Partners against Corruption (EPAC) and Group of States against Corruption (GRECO). Practical part consists of analysis of data gathered from Corruption Perception Index and analysis of decisions from the Highest Court of the Czech Republic. Data from the Index show us development of corruption in the Czech Republic and other states in past 20 years, which helps us to create a good overview about the corruption situation in these states. The second half of this part analyses the corruption crime decisions of the Highest Court, especially the amount of rejected or accepted extraordinary appeals and in how many cases figure policemen and judges as the accused ones. Conclusion summarises the whole thesis and gathered knowledge.
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