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An evaluation of erosion risks and design of erosion control measures in selected cadastral area
Janota, Petr ; Janků, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
Erosion is exogenous geomorphological process that affects the formation of the Earth's surface since the formation of the Earth's solid crust. This activity, which under natural conditions proceeded slowly, in terms of human generations imperceptibly, in intensively used landscape dramatically accelerated and brought a number of adverse consequences. The aim of this study has been to assess and evaluate erosion risks in selected cadastral area and in the event of an over limit erosion hazard to suggest appropriate erosion control measures to eliminate the increased erosion.
The 77 erosion of closed units were examined by a computer program Atlas DMT erosion module, which uses digital terrain model together with data from databases or BPEJ or LPIS. The 14 of them have diagnosed overlimit value wash away the soil. As a basic erosion control measures the change of applied classic crop rotation to crop rotations using soil conservation technologies was considered. After adjusting cropping practices that positively impact factor of the protective effects of vegetation, it was found by erosion Atlas module, six parcels of land with over limited value of soil washes. These lands have suggested the use of technical erosion control measures, for example furrows, grassing thalwegs etc.. On the parcels, where, due to their size, shape or morphology technical measures proved inadequate or ineffective it has been proposed permanent grassing.
In the proposals erosion control measures it is necessary to combine the maximum efficiency of measures with condition of ease and minimal restriction of land users. When their making is to be assumed towards the user, because it depends on him only whether the proposed organizational and agronomic measures will be implemented or not. The fundamental problem with these measures is that their implementation is not backed by legislation. I assume that the more acceptable, less restrictive and inexpensive measures will be proposed, the more likely it will be implemented. One of the reasons why even the simple erosion control measures are put into practice slowly and with difficulty is the fact that in the Czech Republic the most of the agricultural land is managed by entities that are not its owners. This fact significantly contributes to the fact that land is viewed merely as a means of production, which must to bring maximum profit only. To improve this situation may also contribute to the establishment and consistent control of the GAEC standards.
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Analysis of the volume differences on primary registration of raw timber by production sites and measurement principle
Syrovátková, Hana ; Natov, Pavel (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
The main aim of this thesis was to analyze the differences in the volume of first intake of raw timber, according to production sites and measurement principle. There were compared the volumes of primary documents of income and evidence produced timber called summary for growth - assortments and volumes of prin-ted output, based on a production-registration software harvester. In the data pro-cessing was discovered major factor in emergence of differences, for which had to be
revised methodology for data evaluation. Due to production indiscipline of the forwarders operator was not possible to assess the volume differences according to the Forest stand groups, but had to be chosen method of data assessment ac-cording to production units. Another factor contributing to the emergence of vo-lume
differences was harvester operator. The operator didn´t carry out regular kalibrati-on of harvester measuring system and during entering into production-registration
software showed substantial insubordination. In operation, authorities also failed production control of all participants of comprehensive contract. It was especially control of technological procedures. All measured values showed significant
differences in the volume. Condition of LCR, claiming differences +- 2% and it
meets only 11% of them. There was evaluated the total differences, followed by trees and various assortments. The resulting differences could influence conversi-on coefficient, which was same for all of the assortments of coniferous trees, which certainly doesn´t reflect their quality.
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Analysis of the volume differences between measuring of standing timber auctions and primary records of harvesters
Sedmíková, Monika ; Natov, Pavel (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to compare the volume output from electronic auctions and present auctions of standing volume, awarded by the state enterprise Lesy České republiky (LČR) with individual volumes obtained (by volume) of electronic measurement of properly calibrated harvester on a production site, "P ˝ (stump).
Data were obtained from the company 1. Lesní realitní s. r. o. which is involved in electronic and present auctions offered by LČR. It was compared 47 auctions, which the company won during the four years (2012 - 2015). Of the 47 auctions were 40 auctions electronic and 7 auctions present. Data about standing volume were taken from input sheets of these auctions. Subsequently were taken data from printed output of a optimising and control software (Motomit IT) of harvester type Logset H8. The control measurement was made before logging in each stand and after that, eventually, the calibration was also made. Results showed that the volumes offered in the auctions are bigger than the volumes determined by harvester. The total volume of timber determined through auctions was 21 385,54 m3, but the total volume of timber identified by harvester was 20 298,16 m3. The difference between these values was 1087, 39 m3. They were also determined differences between the volume of timber measured by harvester and measured by LČR after categorization auctions according to the volume of wood. It was found that in the category of 0 - 300 m3 differences were 3,41 %, in the category of 300 - 600 m3 differences were 4, 38 % and in the last category 600 - 1100 m3 was a difference of 8, 32 %. Statistical evaluation, however, showed that the differences between the categories are not significant. Further differences were determined by tree species. The greatest differences were in pine 8,70 %, then larch 6,70 % and the minimum differences exhibited spruce 4,51 %.
The results can be applied as a basis for companies engaged in buying tim-ber in auctions. Determined differences, buyers can take into account when making bids. These bids are reflected in the total gains or losses.
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Postproject analysis of Golf course Beroun
Helebrantová, Renata ; Martiš, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vlastimil, Vlastimil (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of post-project analysis within the EIA process. Post-project analysis is one of the most important stages of the EIA process, which allows us to consider the process for good and closed. Evaluates the status of the project and whether its effects correspond to the effects of the expected range and have been complied with measures to mitigate the adverse impacts of the project on the environment. This paper aims to describe the EIA process, including poprojektového evaluating impacts on the golf course Beroun and evaluate to what extent it affects the environment. In the practical part post-project analysis Beroun golf course through the analysis of EIA documentation with evaluation of the effectiveness of implemented measures. To achieve the objective of this work was important to select appropriate indicators for determining post-implementation controls predictions with the actual situation and on the basis of the experience gained and the collected data to develop recommendations for handling post-project analysis similar plans.
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Analysis of desktop publising tools and application of selected software
Kopecký, Lukáš ; Jarolímek, Jan (advisor) ; Vasilenko, Alexandr (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of desktop publishing tools and application of the best-rated compromise software. The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical which describes the theoretical principles of desktop publishing and multi-criteria analysis variants.
The part is called own analysis and is focused on the characteristics of desktop publishing tools, especially their strengths and weaknesses. These characteristics are based on solver´s experience with tools. Then solver performs multi-criteria analysis of variants and comparison of systems. It is performed with methods AHP and a weighted sum. Variants are compared on the basis of the criteria price, work with colours, user-friendliness and intuitive control, layout, prepress and creating of correct PDF, availability on different platforms, typography and support of fonts of OpenType format and its functions, work with vector graphics and its formats, working with raster graphics and its formats and last but not least, stability and speed of system. The software, which is evaluated as the best compromise variant, is applied and used at the composition of three sample pages for a magazine about golf.
After the analysis are compared the results of methods AHP and weighted sum each other. Than they are compared the solver´s results and results from other source.
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Secure access to local area network
Kočiš, Jan ; Halbich, Čestmír (advisor) ; Radomír, Radomír (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the field of secure access to the local area computer network. The main aim of the thesis is to characterize theoretical background of controlled access to computer networks, which includes security principles, recommended practices, authentication methods, network protocols and related processes. This thesis also includes practical usage of acquired knowledge by implementing secure access to local area network in a real environment.
The first part characterize the theoretical principles underlying the design and implementation of the entire system.
The practical part deals with the implementation of specific secure access to the local area computer network solution in the engineering company. The first part introduces the company, its environment and requirements. The following section describes performed analysis of the original state and based on the obtained information summarizes the proposed solution. Implementation of the comprehensive system of the controlled access to the local area network is described in detail in the next section. Description of the system deployment into production operation process, the definition of acceptance tests and recommendations for solving of potential issues are part of this work as well. Conclusion chapter contains summary of the system's economic aspects and the potential impacts on information systems operation in the company.
Final evaluation summarizes the thesis, highlights the benefits of the implemented system and analyses its weak points, with recommendations for further development. It finds the designed secure access to the local network as a suitable, secure and practical way to control access to local network resources.
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Influence of term of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus) desiccation on yield and seed quality
Rajtmajer, Stanislav ; Bečka, David (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
Rapeseed is the world's third most important oil plant (the second seminal). It is the most cultivation and most important oil plant in Czech Republic. Winter rapeseed reaches about 85% of the harvest area of oilseeds in the country. The desiccation of oilseed crop is sphere of agricultural engineering, which is still worth discussing. The main problems are how to use the product, what dose and which dates to choose to desiccate. The results of this thesis could help to partially clarify this complex issue.
The aim of the thesis is to observe the effect of different terms oilseed rape desiccation by glyphosate on yield and seed quality.
Small-plot experiments to investigate the influence of the term desiccation of winter rapeseed were established in the years 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 on the lands of the experimental station of the Czech Agricultural University, Faculty of Agronomy Food and Natural Resources at the Červený Újezd.
In the first experimental year 2013/2014 was founded five variants in three replications (including undesiccated control). In the year 2014/2015 was founded seven variants in four replicates (including undesiccated controls). In the first experimental year was the first term desiccation 16. 6. 2014, the second year 8. 6. 2015. Subsequent periods of desiccation were a week apart.
The variety of winter rapeseed used for the experiments was a hybrid variety Rohan. The desiccating agent was used Dominator active substance glyphosate. The dose of
4 l / ha + 200 l H2O.
For all samples, both experimental, years yield was determined, the weight of a thousand seeds and oiliness. For desiccated variants were carried out pre-harvest analysis for the determination of solids in pods. Further, all harvested samples taken for laboratory germination test (Determination of germination) ISTA according to the methodology. The results of the experiment sprouting were statistically analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance. Differences between mean values were evaluated by Tukey test, the computer program SAS at a significance level of p = 0.05.
Effect of desiccation term influences of winter oilseed rape seed quality in terms of weight and thousands of seeds in terms of oil content. Too early desiccation (46 to 39 days before harvest) HTS reduced by 7-17% and the oil content of 2-4% of the overall average. Oiliness of the observed characters minimum interference term desiccation. Desiccation in the optimum date (17 days before harvest) increased oiliness of 1-6%.
Influence term desiccation oilseed rape also greatly influences seed yield.
Too early desiccation (46 to 39 days before harvest) reduced the yield by 11-14%. Undesiccated control in both years achieved the highest yields, increase yield by 5-12%. Desiccation in the optimum date (17 days before harvest) increased the yield of attempts by 5-6%.
The term desiccation of winter rapeseed, also significantly affects the vitality of seeds, where very reduces energy germinating seedlings in the first days. The term desiccation, however, does not affect overall seed germination. Too early desiccation (46 to 39 days before harvest) EK2 decreased by 12-40%, EK3 decreased by 4-24%, 3-4% EK4 and extended MGT of 7-15%. In the first experimental year was the most vital option undesiccated control (EK2 = 50.4% = 91.3% EK3, EK4 = 97.9%). In the second experimental year was the most vital seeds of the optimal term desiccation, (Sixth term, 17 days before harvest) = 68.9% EK2, EK3 = 98.2%, EK4 = 100%. Seed samples of 2014/15 had a higher overall vitality of seeds, than samples from 2013/14, the overall vitality is probably worse given year old and transsilaged seed.
The results of the two-year experiment that term desiccation affects the quality of seeds, the yield of seeds and vitality of seeds. Pre-analysis was determined optimum solids content in siliques desiccated samples to values of 40-50%. Like most technology seems to desiccation in the optimum date (17 days before harvest) and agro technology without desiccated vegetation. As the least appropriate technology seems very early desiccation (46 to 30 days before harvest).
The first scientific hypothesis: Premature desiccation reduces seed yield, oil content and HTS. Yes, the hypothesis was confirmed.
The second scientific hypothesis: Desiccation made in the correct term do not affect the quality of the seeds (oiliness and HTS). Yes, the hypothesis was confirmed.
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Employees Training and Development in the Company
Kuníková, Veronika ; Margarisová, Klára (advisor) ; Jadrná, Monika (referee)
This thesis is focused on the training and development of employees in the unnamed company XYZ, specifically in the Control Driving Vision Department. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical.
The theoretical part is based on the study of professional literature and defines the basic notions related to the field of development and training. It also describes company education, its goals and methods. The conclusion of the theoretical part is focused on the systematic approach to training and its parts.
The practical part contains a brief description of chosen organization and describes the system of education in the company. Recommendations have been made based on the evaluation of information gained from the interview and survey results, which could help company to improve the current educational system.
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Construction - Technical Analysis of wooden constructions
Pittnerová, Kateřina ; Múčka, Martin (advisor) ; Roman, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with four chosen types of vertical sheathing of houses in the passive standard and their overall thermo-technical and economic evaluation. At first, the materials which may be used in wood constructions of vertical sheathing of a house are described. Further, a design and thermo-technical assessment of each of the structures is performed. Wooden structures using environmentally friendly insulation are designed for three types of vertical sheathing and the system Ytong with external insulation is proposed for the fourth type, currently often used in the construction of passive houses in the Czech Republic. In order to comprehensively assess the building envelope, the composition of the roof and floor on the ground will be designed. The other part deals with the evaluation of the building envelope, separately for all four vertical sheathing options. An economic comparison of the envelope options based on the creation of itemized budgets will be carried out. Finally, the pros and cons of using each of the proposed envelope compositions will be evaluated.
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Impact of pesticides on the gut microbiota of animals
Stehlík, Michal ; Rada, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Salmonová, Hana (referee)
Pesticides are substances used to control plant and animal pest in agriculture. They are very significant and important factor in both production and revenues. Nowadays it is almost impossible for farmers to dispense without these substances but their presence in the soil does not bring only benefits. About pesticides it is generally known that they may adversely affect either on the ecosystem or the human or animal body. As the result many substances had been banned from market. Pesticides and their residues are subject to many controls and laboratory analysis in order to prevent their negative effects.
The aim of the thesis was to test the effect of pesticide (Roundup) on gut microorganisms. For the experiments we used bovine fecal samples and pure bacterial cultures isolated from various domestic animals for the testing of susceptibility to Roundup. We have determined specific growth rates of pure cultures cultivated on three different concentrations of Roundup and total counts lactobacilli, enterococci, E. coli and coliform bacteria of bovine feces cultivated on six different concentrations of Roundup
In the first experiment, no correlation has been found between the concentration of glyphosate (active substance of Roundup) and counts of bovine intestinal bacteria. The effect of glyphosate on the growth of intestinal bacteria was visible at the second attempt. At the highest concentration of glyphosate 17 g/L. Growth curves reached considerably lower levels here than at lower concentrations of glyphosate. Control samples and the samples on the concentration of glyphosate 1.7 mg/L and 0, 17mg/L increased similarly in most cases. This implies that in these concentrations there was no inhibition of bacteria whatsoever. The least susceptible genera to glyphosate were lactobacilli. The highest susceptibility to glyphosate was detected in bovine bacteria and the lowest in chicken bacteria.
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