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The Local Action Group (LAG) Říčansko as a tool for rural development in the region
Žilková, Monika ; Hejnák, Václav (advisor) ; Petra, Petra (referee)
The thesis contains an evaluation of LAG as a tool for development of the rural region. The default hypothesis is that the LAG Říčansko has of its region and the influence of this effect can be evaluated positively. It followed the trends and developments in the field of rural development with a focus on the LEADER approach. Furthermore, for the final evaluation analyzes the structure of the LAG, the selection of supported projects and the implementation of cooperation projects. Part of the work is devoted to the characteristics and the current situation in the region LAG Říčansko. As a basis for the design of projects in problematic areas include a description of activities of some foreign LAG in Germany and Austria. The aim is achieved through interviews with workers LAG Říčansko and compares its structure and focus of the recommended and mandatory requirement for LAG. It was also the focus of supported projects compared with regard to problem areas in the region. The main part of the job evaluation LAG was a questionnaire survey among inhabitants of the region, partners and holders LAG regional brand Zápraží original product, which was focused on knowledge of the activities of the LAG and satisfaction with the treatment. Economic efficiency projects LAG was assessed using a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of the selected project. Due to the nature of the project, its methodology was amended and as a result of its work is proposed for evaluating the effectiveness of cooperative projects using space CBA cost utility analysis (CUA). Knowledge about the work of LAG Říčansko are summarized in the conclusion that the MAS Říčansko has on the region a positive effect. Conclusion also includes the realization that this fact is only sustainable if the LAG will respond to changes in the region and its activities will involve local stakeholders in all sectors in sufficient representation.
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The history of land art in the Czech Republic
Vostruhová, Anna ; Buttry, Ivana (advisor) ; Hladíková, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis is about the history of land art in the Czech Republic, and focuses on the contemporary views on the problems of the development of land art in the Czech Republic from the point of view of professional literature. It is a summary of theoretical starting points for this given theme. The main goal of this thesis is to create an integrated overview of contemporary literature about a specific theme. No article focusing on this has been published to this day. Czech land art has always been only briefly outlined in a few paragraphs of art history books, and this only in the case where it was the resulting development of a specific artistic event. However, the details have never been described, that is why the focus of this thesis is important, mainly for the integrated overview of this category of Czech art.
Land art is a type of art which is realized out in the open country, which is why the first chapter of the literary research describes the value of the open country as such, and also in terms of the history of the art, in which it was diversely preceived. Land art is actually the first branch of art which does not attempt to depict the country, but instead works with it. That is why land art is important, as it exemplifies a new manner of perceiving artistic expression, where it does not revolve around creating traditional pieces to be displayed in galleries.
The next chapter is consecrated to the description of the origins and development of land art in the world for the general purposes of an integrated overview. This chapter is important for reasons of comparisons of the approach to land art in the Czech Republic as opposed to that in the rest of the world. This difference is also influenced by differences of cultural and political natures, which are also outlined in this chapter. The following chapters describe the development of Czech land art with a focus on the artistic events from which it arose. The final part of this thesis discusses specific Czech artists and their pieces. Famous Czech land artists such as Ivan Kafka, Zorka Ságlová, Miloš Šejn and some others can be found among them.
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Bio-Solar Houses as part of nature – garden or landscape
Janourková, Tereza ; Kunt, Miroslav (advisor) ; Filip, Filip (referee)
Content of diploma project is primarily theme of natural buildings. It is complex subject of materials, technologies, environmental conditions and most of all integration into the landscape knowledges. Manmade living spaces that respect the laws of nature and friendly approach to the environment, maybe so called as Bio Houses. Surname Bio Solar Houses are named those with maximal use of solar energy.
Part of this project is overview of various types of natural buildings, possibilities of using natural materials and approaches to the use of solar power. Own design presents study of the family earth house and garden project of a plot. For project was selected building side in a calm location of Prague Troja. This sloping plot is oriented at South so it gives the best conditions for this building concept.
The house benefits from all positives of the earth buildings. Mainly perfect thermal insulation and acoustics properties, which are connected with saving energy. There is moreover interior accumulative wall, which increases heat gains during the winter season. Ventilation system, heating and cooling use vertical ground heat pump and ground heat exchanger. Hot water is prepared by Solar panels with support of photovoltaic system. Rain water is collected for further use.
Garden reflects the character of family house, natural conditions of the place and the purpose of use. It is designed for relaxation, active leisure time and for utility. Important role plays a psychological effect coming from choice of elements, especially small garden architecture, materials, tree planting, perennials and interactions of overall composition.
The plot has complex design with use of natural environmental properties to create space for living.
According to the laws of nature garden never serves only for humans, it is also home for many representatives of small animals and vegetation.
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Klasifikace entit pomocí Wikipedie a WordNetu
Kliegr, Tomáš ; Rauch, Jan (advisor) ; Berka, Petr (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (referee) ; Žabokrtský, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation addresses the problem of classification of entities in text represented by noun phrases. The goal of this thesis is to develop a method for automated classification of entities appearing in datasets consisting of short textual fragments. The emphasis is on unsupervised and semi-supervised methods that will allow for fine-grained character of the assigned classes and require no labeled instances for training. The set of target classes is either user-defined or determined automatically. Our initial attempt to address the entity classification problem is called Semantic Concept Mapping (SCM) algorithm. SCM maps the noun phrases representing the entities as well as the target classes to WordNet. Graph-based WordNet similarity measures are used to assign the closest class to the noun phrase. If a noun phrase does not match any WordNet concept, a Targeted Hypernym Discovery (THD) algorithm is executed. The THD algorithm extracts a hypernym from a Wikipedia article defining the noun phrase using lexico-syntactic patterns. This hypernym is then used to map the noun phrase to a WordNet synset, but it can also be perceived as the classification result by itself, resulting in an unsupervised classification system. SCM and THD algorithms were designed for English. While adaptation of these algorithms for other languages is conceivable, we decided to develop the Bag of Articles (BOA) algorithm, which is language agnostic as it is based on the statistical Rocchio classifier. Since this algorithm utilizes Wikipedia as a source of data for classification, it does not require any labeled training instances. WordNet is used in a novel way to compute term weights. It is also used as a positive term list and for lemmatization. A disambiguation algorithm utilizing global context is also proposed. We consider the BOA algorithm to be the main contribution of this dissertation. Experimental evaluation of the proposed algorithms is performed on the WordSim353 dataset, which is used for evaluation in the Word Similarity Computation (WSC) task, and on the Czech Traveler dataset, the latter being specifically designed for the purpose of our research. BOA performance on WordSim353 achieves Spearman correlation of 0.72 with human judgment, which is close to the 0.75 correlation for the ESA algorithm, to the author's knowledge the best performing algorithm for this gold-standard dataset, which does not require training data. The advantage of BOA over ESA is that it has smaller requirements on preprocessing of the Wikipedia data. While SCM underperforms on the WordSim353 dataset, it overtakes BOA on the Czech Traveler dataset, which was designed specifically for our entity classification problem. This discrepancy requires further investigation. In a standalone evaluation of THD on Czech Traveler dataset the algorithm returned a correct hypernym for 62% of entities.
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Determination of microorganisms in the air of food premises
Krýzová, Andrea ; Popelářová, Eva (advisor) ; Salmonová, Hana (referee)
Microorganisms are able to spoil foods with their presence in food plants, therefore,
there is necessary to perform the monitoring of microbial air quality. The aim of this Bachelor
thesis was to confirm that the air quality in the food plant is better than in the current
environment. Microbial cleanliness should be at the highest level, especially in places where
is risk of contamination of the products.
Air composition was observed in microbrewery by Czech University of Life Sciences
Prague. It was evaluated by the total number of microorganisms and number of moulds.
In the case of moulds there was also determined gender representation. Samples of air with
present microorganisms were collected from five parts of the brewery, using active air intake
with airsampler MAS 100 Eco (Merck, Germany). It was a sanitation station, lager beer cellar,
section wort cooling, boiling room and to compare the hall. Air analysis was performed twice
with intervals of two months.
According to the findings, in sanitation station can be found higher total number
of microorganisms than in the hall. However, this increased incidence could be related
to microbial penetration from the outside environment due to the use of makeshift door
leading into the room. In other parts of the operation has already been confirmed less than
the total number of microorganisms in the hall. Enumeration of molds revealed that the entire
operation were lower than the concentrations of these microbes in the corridor.
Dangerous place in the brewery in terms of contamination of the product is lager
cellar, because here with maturation occurs also his tapping. Here upheld a lower incidence
of microorganisms than in the current environment, and as other parts of the plant do not pose
a risk of product degradation, the objective has been achieved.
Of the native representation of mould in the air microbrewery it shows that the most
abundant mould genus was Cladosporium and Penicillium followed. Cladosporium occupied
on average 54,8 % of the total number of mould. At lower concentrations, there have been
also genera Alternaria and Aspergillus.
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Funding of Health Care Service of Federal Republic of Germany
Adámková, Klára ; Stará, Dana (advisor) ; Jindřich, Jindřich (referee)
Financing healthcare is a problem not only in Germany but in many countries of Europe. Increasing total expenditure of health care resulted from many reasons, such as the aging population and the associated declining number of young people who contribute to the system. Another problem of financing health care, are ever increasing prices of medical devices, drugs, materials and energy. Since the beginning of the health system, Germany has been trying to stabilize the system through many reforms. The largest part of the revenues of the health system consists of contributions from members of statutory social insurance. Yet in Germany, financial participation in patients was implemented almost from the beginning of the health care system. Private costs are the second largest holder of health costs. Over the last 20 years, Germany has been among the countries that have a relatively balanced budget for financing health care. Among the most advanced countries in the world, which is seen in total expenditure of health care, had these expenses in recent years at around 11 percent of GDP.
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Evaluation of advanced engineering use in tropics and subtropics
Mikuláš, Dalibor ; Prikner, Patrik (advisor) ; Kumhála, František (referee)
Modern agriculture systems use largely powerful machines with respect to its operation potential. This trend extends to countries with low levels of agriculture, where it can be found part of global agricultural production. Primarily soil properties affect the use of modern agricultural technology in specific regions; however, agricultural machinery manufacturers still adapt traction properties for specific climatic conditions. The aim of this thesis was to analyze and assess the current state of agricultural machinery in specific regions of the tropics and subtropics, where agricultural systems are focused on the production of crucial crops for food and industrial use.
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Changes in pigmentation of animals during domestication
Ariskina, Sofya ; Hofmanová, Barbora (advisor) ; Kracíková, Olga (referee)
In this work there are described, based on different experiments, and on the basis of them written articles about changes of different types of animals in the course of domestikation. It is supposed that this process began 15 thousand years ago. Here a described main scenarios which show the reasons and ways of the beginning of domestication, and some main places where this process began.
But it is much more important that in the course of the domestication there was a big number of morphological, anatomic and physiological changes in which consequence wild animals gradually turned into domestic ones. These changes, whether it be considerable change of the corporal sizes, reduction of a brain, changes in nervous system, emergence of trailing ears or big quantity of various coat colors, testifies that animals lost the need to survive independently and began to depend partially or completely on people.
But a main goal of this work is to describe and explain the development of new, not existing in wild animals coat colors which are connected to the domestication process and, later, to the selection process, made by people. The general sign of all domesticated animals chosen and selected incidentally or intentionally on any signs is emergence of spottiness and heterogeneity of coat coloring, gradually turning into other colourings that are absolutely not typical for wild animals because in the wild nature would draw attention of predators or mark.
Also here is described the genetic component of process of emergence of new coat colors caused by a different ratio of an eumelanin and a feomelanin, and also various gene mutations (for ex. MC1R, ASIP ets.).
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Presenting results of software model checker via debugging interface
Kohan, Tomáš ; Šerý, Ondřej (advisor) ; Jančík, Pavel (referee)
Title: Presenting results of software model checker via debugging interface Author: Tomáš Kohan Department: Department of Software Engineering Supervisor of the master thesis: RNDr. Ondřej Šerý, Ph.D., Department of Distributed and Dependable Systems Abstract: This thesis is devoted to design and implementation of the new de- bugging interface to the Java PathFinder application. As a suitable interface container was selected the Eclipse development environment. The created inter- face visualizes results of JPF and details of paused JVM state, especially a list of variables and their values. Two subprojects were created, i.e. debug4jpf and JPFDeb.core. The first one is responsible for controlling and communication with the JPF instance. The latter one is an Eclipse plugin and provides user interface which is similar to the interface of standard Java debugger. These two components communicate with each other by using the ad-hoc communication protocol created for this purpose. Keywords: Java, verification, model checker, JPF, debugging interface
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Cluster point processes in insurance mathematics
Veselá, Veronika ; Pawlas, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Dostál, Petr (referee)
Title: Cluster point processes in insurance mathematics Author: Veronika Veselá Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: RNDr. Zbyněk Pawlas, Ph.D. Abstract: In the present work we study point processes and their importance in insurance mathematics. With the help of cluster and marked point processes we can describe a model that considers times of claim occurence and times and hei- ghts of corresponding payments. We study two specific models which can be used to predict how much money is needed for claims which happened. The first model is chain ladder in the form of Mack's model. For this model we show chain ladder estimators of development factors, estimates of their variance and their proper- ties. We try to find one-step ahead prediction and multi-step ahead prediction, which we use for calculating prediction of reserves. We shortly review asymptotic properties of the estimators in Mack's model. The second model is the Poisson cluster model. Firstly we define this model and the variables entering the model. Then we devote attention to one-step ahead and multi-step ahead prediction. We also study prediction when some variables have specific distributions. Finally, we use both methods of prediction on simulated data and compare their average relative absolute errors....
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