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Srovnání daňové soustavy Česka a Slovenska
Kupková, Barbora ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
Práce se zabývá srovnáním daňové soustavy České republiky a Slovenska s hlavním důrazem na vliv daní na daňové poplatníky. Jedná se o porovnávání nejen stavu, ale i vývoje, protože reformy proběhly v nedávné době a některé ještě nejsou dokončeny. Na Slovensku byla v letech 2003/2004 provedena rozsáhlá reforma veřejných rozpočtů, jejíž součástí byly velké změny daňového systému, které byly přijaty s velkým ohlasem i v České republice a byly inspirací pro reformu veřejných rozpočtů započatou v roce 2007. Jako východisko reforem byla použita koncepce rovné daně, která se zdá být správným řešením v případě obou zemí. V práci se rovněž snažím nalézt hlavní změny v daňové soustavě a její struktuře od roku 1993, kdy došlo k rozpadu společného státu. Zabývám se i srovnáváním výše zákonných sazeb nejdůležitějších daní. Protože ke srovnání daňového zatížení nejsou tak důležité sazby zákonné, ale sazby efektivní, použiji k jejich zjištění zprávy mezinárodních organizací. Kromě sazeb se práce týká také řadou dalších aspektů, jako je složitost daňových zákonů, jejich transparentnost a spravedlnost.
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Analysis of the Czech tax system
Pavlíček, Martin ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Antoš, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the thesis is a comprehensive analysis of the Czech tax system. In the Czech Republic existed by the end of 2007 system based on progressive taxation. The system of progressive rates, was and is a subject to criticism not only in the Czech Republic. As an alternative, which allows to delete the seamy side of the system, appears the method of taxation based on the concept of flat tax, whose ideas includes the czech reform. The situation before and after the reform in early 2008 is in detail characterized in the practical part thesis. The theoretical part describe requirements of a good tax system and the concept of flat tax. The part of thesis is also a view of the Slovak tax system. Czech Republic and Slovak Republic are very similar countries and the development of their tax systems show a great similarity. Slovak Republic realized the tax reform four years earlier than the Czech Republic, its appearance and positive impacts on national economy could be model for the Czech Republic.
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Tax reform in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Sabaková, Jana ; Kapinusová, Jana (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
I wrote this thesis about the tax reform in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The simultaneous tax reform in Czech Republic valid from 1st January 2008 is very fresh and greatly discussed theme. Slovak reform proceeded in years 2004-2007. In the theoretical and practical part I mainly deal with the flat tax, the key-stone of the tax reform in both countries. The theory of the flat tax comes out from the principles of the effective taxation from Adam Smith. The reform based on the flat tax has been created by American economists Alvin Rabushka and Robert Hall in the 1980's. Slovakia based the reform on this concept and won recognition for its implementation. The Czech Republic tried to follow Slovakia but finally started out with corrections and simplification of the existing tax system. Besides comparison of the concepts with Rabushka's and Hall's parameters, I also examine the influence of the tax reform on the net revenues of individuals and families. In the Czech Republic I examine net revenues for 2007 and 2008 (the year before the tax reform and the first year of the reform). To be able to compare both countries I use years 2003 and 2004 for Slovakia (the year before tax reform and the first year of the reform).
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The tax reform in Slovakia
Kopáčková, Marina ; Dvořák, Pavel (advisor)
The main goals of this paper is to describe and analyse the Slovak tax reform adopted in 2004, according to principles of optimal taxation. The optimal tax system includes the principles of efficiency, administrative simplicity, elasticity, equity and revenue tax. The goal of the Slovak tax reform was to change the tax legislation, to eliminate all exceptions and special regimes, to shift the tax burden from direct to indirect taxes, to eliminate the double taxation of income, to introduce the flat tax rate. In the end some recommendations for Czech Republic has been made.
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The implementation flat tax in Czech Republic
Dvořáček, Alexandr ; Kapinusová, Jana (advisor) ; Zemplinerová, Alena (referee)
The work is dedicated to analyse concept of the implementation flat tax in the Czech Republic. Theoretical part is based on the Tax theory, there are also described basic characteristics of tax systems, their functions and generally accepted fundamentals, which should proper tax system fulfil. Further theoretical part discuss tax theories development and their impact on practical questions about taxation during human history. The last part of the theoretical part is aimed straight at the flat tax. Characterize original concept of the flat tax and brings wider economic society opinions, which are completed by practical experience from the countries, where have been flat tax already implemented. Finally there are some alternatives to the flat tax mentioned, which were in case of the Czech Republic proposed. In practical part there are two tax systems compared, mainly focused on individual groups of tax payers, which differ in gross income and number of family members. I set up six groups of gross income in the way that best fits in the Czech circumstances. Aim is to compare tax burden for individual income groups in both tax systems. Analysis of the impact of the implementation flat tax for the specific income groups of inhabitants together with possible macroeconomic impact on the whole economy shows, whether the flat tax system in the Czech Republic is contibution or not.
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