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Legal Terminology with Null Equivalence: Translation Strategies
ŠTĚPÁNKOVÁ, Kristýna
This Master's thesis is focused on zero equivalence in legal texts. The theoretical part deals with technical text and legal language in general. Legal Spanish is characterized and compared to the legal Czech. Translation of the legal language is described along with some obstacles that may be associated with it. At the end of the theoretical part, there are several findings summarized, and the methodology for the practical part is delineated. In the practical part the reader is acquainted with the concept of equivalence and functional equivalence. Equivalence is divided into absolute, partial, and zero equivalence. The following chapters are concerned with the translation of the terminology with zero equivalence, specifically translation methods, strategies and stages. Furthermore, several legal terms are selected and evaluated on the basis of their equivalence. The terms are searched in order to discover their occurrences and counterparts in dictionaries, legal text databases and parallel corpus. Moreover, their possible translation is proposed and applied translation strategies named. The aim of the thesis is to define legal terminology with zero equivalence and provide the classification of the translational strategies that are frequently applied in translation of this kind of lexicon.
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An analysis of phrasemes with the components "earth", "fire", "water" and "wind" in the parallel corpus InterCorp and in the German-Czech dictionary of phrases
Hamáková, Tereza ; Hejhalová, Věra (advisor) ; Vachková, Marie (referee)
(in English) This thesis deals with the processing of selected phrases with the components earth, fire, water and air in a German-Czech dictionary of phrases and compares the data given there with authentic samples from the Czech National Corpus. In the first part, the reader is presented with theoretical principles of phraseology, which are the basis for the subsequent analysis. The analysis is carried out in the second part of the thesis. Among other things, the suitability of the translation propositions of the dictionary of phrases with a special consideration of the formal and semantic aspects is discussed. In addition, the actual translations in the corpus samples are also analysed and assessed. Finally, the thesis and the results of the analysis are summarized and conclusions are drawn.
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Exploiting Structures in Automated Planning
Kuckir, Ivan ; Barták, Roman (advisor) ; Chrpa, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis focuses on improving the process of automated planing through symmetry breaking. The aim is to describe symmetries, which are often observed by human programmers, but haven't been properly theoretically formalized. After an analysis of available research, there are new definitions of symmetries proposed in context of classical planning, such as state equivalence, T1 automorphisms and more general automorphisms of constants. Several theorems are proved about new symmetries. As a result, an algorithm for detecting a special symmetry class is proposed, together with a method of exploiting such class during planning. Experimens are made to show the effect of symmetry breaking on the performance of the planner. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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On Sense Division in a Bilingual Dictionary
Hagenhoferová, Lucie ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the dividing the dictionary entry into several "sub-meanings", i.e. with the sense division, and with the closely related ordering of these "sub-meanings", i.e. with the sense ordering, with the bilingual passive German-Czech dictionary in the centre of interest. This thesis deals shortly also with the discriminating the senses by different means, i.e. with the sense discrimination. With these three subjects chronologically following the lexicographic decisions the matter of equivalence and the understanding of the term of meaning are correlated. In the theoretical part of this thesis the specifics of the sense division and the sense ordering in the monolingual and in the bilingual lexicography are introduced, in the practical part of this thesis the possibilities of the sense division and the sense ordering are exemplified with ten chosen substantive lemmas prepared for the Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary in progress. For every lemma the most suitable arrangement of the lemma is suggested, which is then compared with the corresponding dictionary entry in the source dictionary Duden - Deutsches Universalwörterbuch. The differences between the arrangements of the microstructure illustrate the necessity of the revision and eventual modification of the adopted structure...
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Terminology in Visual Arts in a large bilingual dictionary
Kučerová, Daniela ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This given thesis addresses the terminology of Visual Arts in the large bilingual dictionary and provides a reflection on the problem of terminology. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part gives definitions of language for special purposes, language for general purposes, term, terminology, synonymy, equivalence or terminological dictionary. The second part of the thesis analyses the given dictionary entries of the Visual Arts from the linguistic, terminological and lexicographical point of view in the large bilingual dictionary.
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