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Determination of paternity
Vykydalová, Alice ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Švestka, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with parentage determination. At present, this issue is becoming more and more topical due to current diversion from traditional values, the traditional model of family in particular. The thesis concerns not only with the determination of paternity, but also with maternity determination, which is mentioned with regard to assisted reproduction and surrogacy. Emphasis is placed on both, current legislation and the new Civil Code coming into effect on 1 January 2014. The thesis is divided into eight chapters. The introduction discusses possible views on the concept of parenthood. Furthermore, it introduces the issue of parentage determination, especially in connection with the increasing number of children born outside marriage. The following chapter is devoted to legislative regulation of parentage determination itself. Firstly, it elaborates the history of such regulations with focus on Roman law and the Austrian Civil Code. Subsequently, it describes the current legislation and briefly comments on the new Civil Code, which is further discussed in the corresponding chapters. The third chapter examines the determination of maternity. Included are the issues of assisted reproduction and surrogacy, as well as anonymous and concealed births, which have become an important topic rather recently....
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Commented translation: Men's Experience of Birth (Chapter 6), p.161-177 and 205-210 (Reed, Richard K. Birthing Fathers: The Transformation of Men in American Rites of Birth. Rutgers University Press, New Brunsvick, USA 2005. Electronic version at http: www.nkp.cz/, 12. 11. 2011)
Kadaňková, Monika ; Šťastná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Mraček, David (referee)
This thesis consists of two parts: the first one is a Czech translation of two parts of the 6th chapter from the book "Birthing Fathers: The transformation of Men in American Rites of Birth" by Richard K. Reed, the second one is an analysis of the translation. The analysis begins with an outline of the intratextual and extratextual factors of the original text (according to Christiane Nord), it is followed by an overview of the most salient issues, which emerged during the process, and their solutions, then the analysis deals with the translation shifts and ends with the description of the chosen translation method. The text itself tackles the issue of men in the pocess of birth and is based on an anthropological research. Key words: translation, translatological analysis, translation problem, translation shift, translation method, pregnancy, birth, birthing men
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Children's word in Vietnam
Vu Thi Thu, Thuy ; Hlavatá, Lucie (advisor) ; Slavická, Binh (referee)
The topic of this thesis is "Child and childhood in Vietnam". It focuses on the prenatal and the early period of childhood. The thesis uses a cultural anthropological point of view which emphasizes superstitious or taboo behaviour associated with the time of birth - pregnancy, childbirth, puerperium and child care. For the purposes of the thesis, the research was conducted in the north-east urban areas of Northern Vietnam. Since the myths, taboos and rituals tends to change, develop or even perish, it was necessary to limit the topic in terms of time. Therefore the work studies only three generations of Vietnamese women over a sixty-year period. The thesis is based not only on relevant literature but also on the field research conducted in Vietnam. The interviews and unobtrusive observation carried out among involved women extend the information gained from literature and also provide the women's personal point of view on childbirth and early childcare issues. The main objective is to answer how much the so-called "child's world" has changed in the three-generation period and to what extent the rituals, myths and taboos are still relevant to current issues in contemporary Vietnam. Key words: Vietnam, children, childhood, Vietnamese family, birth, child care, taboo, rituals, superstitions.
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Legal Aspects of maternity in private and public law
Hermanová, Kateřina ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Michaela (referee)
Rigorous project is includes to maternity in two point of view private law, but public law too. This title analyses historical maternity development, actual situation in law, but so future situation in Czech Republic. The title point of view to evolution, origin, expired maternity, rights and obligation person in this family cohabitation. The tendency of this title was evalution legal regulation institutions connected with maternity, so pregnancy, birth, birth with the concealed identity of mother, under-age mother, unmarried mother, assisted repro-duction, substitutional maternity, baby-boxes and prevention of birth-control. The end of title is excursion to family law in New Zealand.
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Anthropological perception of current home births without medical assistance.
Drabantová, Lucia ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Koudelová, Jana (referee)
The study discusses the current home births in developed countries. Introduction deals with the emergence of a model of human birth in the background of evolutionary mechanisms and the resulting biological risks, which are illustrated by data on maternal and neonatal mortality. Home births are understood in the complex scale, and so formation of current model of obstetrics in selected countries is shown in historical background. It brings most common image of women and the circumstances that lead to the choice of home birth. The study focuses on the comparison of home and hospital births due to the occurrence of undesirable health complications. As this comparison showed the results that births are largely influenced by medical interventions carried out, frequency of these procedures is also compared. Higher occurrence of interventions in hospital births can be partly explained by changes in the demographic profile of mother, which increases the risks associated with childbirth at home. Data processed in the study suggest that today's home births require extensive implementation of system changes, and therefore the home birth as a safe alternative is not recommended. It also doesn't consider hospital births appropriate in terms of excessive interventions, rather a compromise in the form of home birthing...
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Women opinions on Caesarean section from retrospective view
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis focuses on women after the cesarean section and their opinions on this surgical procedure. In the theoretical part, there several poins were clarified,such as the problems of caesarean section, its definition, history, types of incisions and indications, possible complications and types of anesthesia that can be used in this operation. An integral part of the theoretical work is midwives' nursing care of a woman before and after operation and during the puerperium. The thesis is also engaged in breastfeeding and care of the newborn after the caesarean section. The aim of the research section was to find out the women's opinions on the caaesarean section from a retrospective point of view. Four research questions have emerged from this objective. The first question was how women understood the caesarean delivery. The second one was about women's satisfaction with midwife care. The third question focused on thefirst contact with the newborn and the fourth one on influencing the life of women after the caesarean section. A qualitative research survey was chosen for the research part. The survey was conducted during March 2017 with seven respondents who were, from one to five years, after the caesarean section and agreed to provide an interview. During the semi structured interview, women were asked 15 questions. Then, the conversations were literally transcribed, their analysis was done by hand coding, or pen and paper method. Women's responses were identified by individual codes and categorized. The research shows that women have a positive opinion on the C-section, Theky consider it the best choice in a situation that has been taken to save their child. Despite that most respondents were worried before surgery, their consent to the caesarean section would not change today. For more than half, the information provided by the doctor was sufficient and comprehended. Almost all surveyed women were satisfied with nursing care and information from midwives and also with the first contact with the newborn, which occurred within two hours after the procedure. However, dissatisfaction was expressed in the approach to breastfeeding and in this area most women described the difficulties. Although more than half of women responded that they did not feel limited by surgery, all respondents let family members help them during the puerperium. Nearly all respondents reported increased sensitivity in the scar that they felt at least for half a year after delivery. The bachelor's thesis may serve as an inspiration for midwives to improve thein nursing care. In addition, midwifery students can benefit it in improving thein practice experience.
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Midwifery care about a woman diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus
KADLECOVÁ, Kristýna
Midwifery care about a woman diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus Abstract The bachelor thesis is focused on the midwife's care of a woman with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. In the theoretical part, there several issues are described, such as gestational diabetes mellitus, its diagnosis and treatment, birth, puerperium, newborn, role of midwife, education, communication and related gestational diabetes mellitus. The survey was conducted with women in their home environment during March 2017. A qualitative method was used to carry out the research part. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were carried out on prior agreement and with the consent of women. The interview contained 8 open questions, which were supplemented, if necessary, with other questions. Data analysis was done by the hand-coded method, or pen and paper method. Answers of individual respondents were identified by codes that were then categorized under each subcategory. One goal was set for this bachelor thesis. The objective was to find out what opinions women have on the possible necessary lifestyle changes in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus. Based on this aim, three research questions have been identified. The first one was focused on how the woman perceived the diagnosis. The second question tried to find out the changes in the lifestyle of women with gestational diabetes mellitus. And the third one was how the woman was educated by a midwife about the lifestyle change. The research revealed that all respondents, after being diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus, changed their existing lifestyle. All respondents carefully followed the treatment diet throughout the pregnancy until the end of the puerperium. Of these, two respondents included physical activity in their treatment as a quick walk. A research survey also showed that the midwife gave women limited information about GDM and lifestyle changes. Respondents were totally educated about a lifestyle change at the diabetes clinic, but they did not consider the midwife in the area as a educator. As a result, midwives tend to rely on the education of women from the diabetes clinic, and they only complete women's knowledge. The results of this research can serve ast the information material for midwives who want to improve their care of a woman during pregnancy or who are currently preparing for this profession.
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Mothers perception of pain during labour.
MICHÁLKOVÁ, Monika
The subject of the thesis is the labor pain and methods of pain control. The theoretical part focuses on a description of the process of childbirth and the role of midwifes at each stage of labor. This is followed by a general description of pain as well as the labor pain, methods of pain evaluation and overview of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods used in obstetric analgesia. The research part of the work explores women's experience of pain during childbirth and methods that women prefer in relieving labor pain. For research survey was used qualitative method of data collection, using semi-structured interviews. Information obtained were divided into two main categories: "Women's experience with labor pain" and "Methods of relieving labor pain" Both categories were further subdivided into categories. Results of the research showed that women during pregnancy did not want to think about the oncoming birth pain because these ideas evoked feelings of fear and apprehension. Most women have no way to prepare for labor pain and the character and intensity of labor pain surprised almost all women. The vast majority of women accepted the offer of pharmacological labor pain reliever even though they didn't intend to originally. In addition, majority of them felt frustrated by the low effects of pharmacological methods and they attributed greater analgesic effect to non-pharmacological methods, including the presence of close person during childbirth and positive attitude of medical staff. Midwifes' help in relieving labor pain was evaluated very positively by all respondents. The results shows that the most important thing is coaching pregnant women by midwifes in preparation for labor pain and thus reduce feelings of anxiety and fear of pain during childbirth.
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