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Influence of groundwater on hydrologic drought in the Lužnice River floodplain
Korejs, Tomáš ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janský, Bohumír (referee)
The object of this thesis is to evaluate influence of groundwater on the period of hydrological drought in the Lužnice river floodplain, focusing on interaction between surface water and groudwater. Floodplain of the Lužnice is unique fluvial ecosystem characterized it's diversity and natural value. Especially upper stream of Lužnice represents river floodplain river and creater good conditions for water retention. Main first part of this thesis is focused on work with literature about issue interaction between surface water and groundwater in the river floodplain with examples from Czech republic and the world, including the characteristics the groundwater Work with literature is also focused at characterizing the types of drought, it's cause and consequences. The second part evaluates the basic characteristics of runoff and hydrological drought on the Lužnice. This analysis is based on statistical evaluation of longtime data series from Pilař and Bechyně stations. Both profiles are compared to identify correlations.
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Oswald, Sascha (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Channels eroded by groundwater flow in Strelec quarry: erosion processes and factors influencing channel evolution
Soukup, Jan ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Grmela, Arnošt (referee)
Large depression cone in water table was formed due to mining in surroundings of Střeleč quarry. The concentrated inflow from conduits to quarry is up to 70 l/s. Large conduit systems are created by flowing water into the quarry. The biggest conduit system was at least 300 m long and 17 m high with maximum calculated volume of 22 thousands m3 . Evolution of these conduits usually takes several months to few years. Fast conduit evolution allows to study erosion processes in detail in situ. In the thesis I am describing conduits, character of flow and erosion processes. Measured flow velocities in conduits are up to 0,4 m/s with hydraulic gradient 1 to 5%. Flow velocities and hydraulic gradients are typical for piping erosion. Piping initially forms small protoconduits. The bigger conduits are formed as water is progressively drained from larger area. Conduits are following fracture surfaces, which are also limiting the conduit propagation to the sides. Above water table the conduits are enlarged mainly by mass wasting of undercut sandstone slabs. For distinguishing less and more erodible parts of sandstone, we adapted and partially developed a method for measuring erodability (REI) and drilling resistance (DR). Both are used to compare different types of sandstone surfaces. In lowermost part of the...
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Tidal phenomena in groundwater hydraulics
Ondovčin, Tomáš ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Šembera, Jan (referee) ; Novotný, Oldřich (referee)
Manifestations of the tidal force have been known to humanity since an- tiquity. The oldest extant remarks on the origin of the tidal force are in the Natural History of Pliny the Elder. He also left us remarks on periodic changes of water-level in wells. This phenomenon does not necessarily have to be connected to the proximity of seas. As such, it is a subject of research since the end of 19th century. Exploring the mechanisms with which the tidal force affects the groundwater level requires combining the findings of geology and hydrogeology but also the knowledge of hydraulics and geomechanics of porous media and certain understanding of astronomy. This thesis contribu- tes to the knowledge of the mechanism of tidal oscillations in groundwater measured in a borehole near Teplice nad Metují in Police Basin. It utilizes models based on the knowledge of geological and hydrogeological structure of the surroundings of the borehole. It investigates the relation between the physical properties of porous media and the amplitude and phase of the tidal oscillations and presents solutions of the models.
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Office Building
Tručka, Jiří ; Mizerová,, Lenka Smolková (referee) ; Smolka, Radim (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with project documentation of an office building with commercial premises, cafe, and canteen. The building is located in Žďár nad Sázavou, on plot 2197. The access road is from the north side. The building has 6 floors above ground and 2 underground floors. The building is designed as monolithic reinforced concrete frame with shear core. Basement consists of monolithic reinforced concrete walls. Whole building is based on reinforced concrete slab, which is supported by a system of piles. The external wall is designed from clay blocks. The facade is ventilated.
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The Behaviour of Atrazine under Denitrification Conditions
Pániková, Kristína
Atrazine is one of the most persistent pesticides. This substance negatively affects the environment and the human body. It is a frequent contaminant of groundwater, in which ideal conditions for the denitrification process prevail. Using a methodology of long-term testing, atrazine was investigated under denitrification conditions, as well as its transformation behaviour and effect on the denitrification process itself. After 28 days, adsorption on poplar shavings was observed as the dominant process, 30.6%. A biotic loss of 9.8% was found, and, at a concentration of 0.1 mg/l, atrazine did not significantly affect the denitrification process. Stimulation reached the value of 6.9%.
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Comparison of effectiveness of three applications of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes
Vacková, Nikola
This master's thesis is focused on remediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated ethenes with a use of nanoiron particles. Three injections of different types of nanoiron were carried out in the contaminated area of Spolchemie a.s. company in Ústí nad Labem. The main aim of the thesis was to compare effectiveness of those three applications. The remediation of groundwater was done by direct- push injection of suspension of nanoscale zero-valent iron. After that a monitoring of groundwater level and physicochemical parameters was performed. Samples of groundwater were collected during the monitoring and were analysed for contaminants and products of dechlorination. It was discovered that NANOFER STAR nanoiron had the strongest influence on reductive dechlorination. This was reflected by concentration decrease of TCE by 84 %, VC by 60 % and total concentration of CHC by 39 % in the period three months after the injection and the increase of degradation products of chlorinated ethenes. Injections of conservative tracers potassium bromide and lithium chloride served as a criterion for differentiation between the process of dechlorination and simple dilution effect. The effectiveness of NZVI-C3 nanoiron and NANOFER STAR with CMC nanoiron were notably lower than the bare NANOFER STAR nanoiron. In...
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Long-term groundwater regime in multilayered water-bearing systems on the example of uranium mining impact on groundwater conditions of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Czech Republic
Lipanský, Tomáš
Lipanský T. (2016): Dlouhodobý režim proudění podzemních vod v hlubokých pánevních kolektorech, na příkladu ovlivnění hydrogeologických poměrů české křídové pánve hornickou činností v okolí Stráže pod Ralskem. Doktorská disertační práce. - Univerzita Karlova v Praze Abstract: This thesis sumerises the development of groundwater regime in a multilayered water-bearing system of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin in maximal proposed extent of area where the groundwater regime had been affected by mining of radioactive materials near Strář pod Ralskem. The aim of the work was to describe the groundwater regime on the basis of measured monitoring data and map interpolations. The former Uranium mining from Cenomanian sandstone sediments represents the largest human impact on the natural groundwater flow of a multilayered water-bearing system within both the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and the Czech Republic. Newly created graphs and maps of piezometric surfaces bring an insight into the dynamics of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin water-bearing system and give an idea of long- term groundwater heads and flow directions development in the studied area. This was achieved despite the fact that this study does not present a hydraulic model, but an interpolation of monitoring data. Maps and grids of piezometric surfaces can be...
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The genesis of groundwater composition in deep basin structures on the example of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and the Eger Rift relationship
Dupalová, Tereza
This thesis deals with genesis of the Cretaceous thermal waters in the Ústí nad Labem. These thermal waters are interesting in that are very different from other Cretaceous thermal waters, which also appear in Benešov-Ústí aquifer system of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin in Děčín. Thermal waters in the Ústí nad Labem area more than chalk waters resemble the thermal waters in Teplice, which are associated with body of Teplice rhyolite. Many authors studied thermal waters in the Ústí nad Labem, but isotope analysis and inverse geochemical modeling were not used for their study. Results based on water chemistry, water D and 18 O, 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios, and dissolved sulfate 34 S and 18 O values, indicate mixing of ground water from aquifers of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin with ground water derived from crystalline rocks of the Erzgebirge Mts. Unlike thermal waters in Děčín are Ca-HCO3 type (160 mg/L), in Ústí nad Labem there are two types of thermal waters, Na-HCO3 type with higher TDS values (over 1 g/L) and Na-(Ca)-HCO3-SO4 type with lower TDS values (approximately 600 mg/L). Carbon isotope data and speciation and inverse geochemical modeling suggest a significant input of endogenous CO2 at Ústí nad Labem. Besides CO2 input, both silicate dissolution and cation exchange coupled with dissolution of...
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