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On Supervision of Financial Markets by Czech National Bank
Skácelík, David ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee) ; Švarc, Zbyněk (referee)
1 Abstract This work deals with the performance of supervision over the financial market and the entities operating in the financial market. Part of the work is devoted to consumer protection in the financial market and compensation systems. Because of the fact that the Czech Republic became a member of the European Union in 2004, this work includes also legislation of regulation and supervision of this level, as this treatment significantly predetermines Czech adjustment. Following questions were examined as an example of protecting the interests of clients of supervised entities: - whether there are any tools to protect the client's interests at the level of supervised entities, - what kind of role the supervisory authority has or may have in relation between a supervised entity and its client, - how are the client's financial interests protected in the event of failure of the supervised entity and whether this protection is de lege lata sufficient. The theoretical part of the work briefly describes the institute of supervision, its assorting and forms. The authority of supervisor is discussed in the next part together with the regulations under which the supervision is conducted. Owing to the fact that the scope of supervisory activity of the Czech National Bank is quite extensive, and the objective of...
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Using the CAPM model for trading on the capital market
VOSTALOVÁ, Marie
This work aims to evaluate the current development of financial markets, analyze selected sectors of the stock exchange in terms of profitability and risk and evaluate selected titles using the CAPM model. Five sectors of energy, financial services, real estate, industry and healthcare were selected for the analysis. Each industry is represented by five joint-stock companies whose shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange and are also listed in the S&P 500 index. The analysis was performed for five years from 2017 to 2021. First, the development of closing prices was evaluated for companies, selected industries and the market. This was followed by an assessment of overall profitability, average profitability, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. As part of the identification of undervalued and overvalued stocks through the CAPM model, the values of the alpha coefficient, the beta coefficient, the determination coefficient and the p-value for the alpha and beta coefficients are calculated. The results of the work showed that the profitability was higher in all monitored areas compared to the market except for the energy sector. The absolute level of risk was characterized by a higher standard deviation in all sectors compared to the market except for real estate. Only healthcare and real estate had a lower coefficient of variation compared to the market, the energy sector was the worst. Based on the beta coefficient, the healthcare and real estate sectors can be described as less risky than the market. Determining undervalued and overvalued shares using the CAPM model proved to be problematic, as the calculated alpha coefficients are statistically significant for only three companies according to the p-value. According to the results, the most advantageous investments were made in real estate and healthcare, while the worst investments were made in the energy sector.
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Capital Market Anomalies
FIALA, Michal
This work describes a total of three theories by which capital market price movements can be explained, as well as capital market anomalies. Empirical research is focused on the analysis of temporal anomalies, namely the day-of-the-week effect and the month-of-year effect. These effects were analysed on three indexes, namely the NASDAQ Composite Index, Euronext 100 Index and SSE Composite Index. These effects are tested first using the statistical testing method and then more closely using the linear regression method.
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Investment opportunities of small investor on the capital market in CR and their comparison
VOSTALOVÁ, Marie
The main aim of the thesis is to characterize the possibilities of investing a small investor in the Czech capital market and to compare these possibilities. The thesis is focused on stocks traded through the RM-SYSTEM or the Prague Stock Exchange. In the first part, we find an explanation of important terms, description of basic investment possibilities and presentation of yield, risk and liquidity as the main concepts of investment strategy. The second part first describes trading on the Prague Stock Exchange and the RM-SYSTEM. This is followed by a stock exchange comparison according to yield, risk, liquidity and cost. These characteristics are calculated for four specific stocks traded on both exchanges. A five-year time horizon is chosen for the calculation. The return is compared using the average monthly return and the total return for the selected shares. The risk is calculated over the standard deviation. Cost is calculated using a model situation. The analysis results are first compared for each characteristic separately and then summarized and compared as a whole. Based on the results, we recommend a stock exchange stat is more suitable for a small investor.
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Initial Public Offerings in the Czech Republic
Malý, Filip ; Ptáček, Roman (referee) ; Meluzín, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on an initial public offering in Czech republic. In the first part of the thesis, there are explained teoretical terms, that relate to issue of IPO and they are important for the compilation of the process. These theoretical terms are alsou used in the practical part of the thesis. The practical part of the thesis deals with the compilation of key analyses, thanks to which it is possible to describe the state of readiness of a company to enter the publicly traded market. In the last part of the thesis, recommendations are proposed, which are supported by the information obtained.
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Qualitative and quantitative aspects of implementaion of SICAV in the Czech legislation
Brodani, Jana ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
The thesis represents the first comprehensive assessment of the implementation of the SICAV structure into the Czech law. The aim of the thesis is to assess whether the SICAV structure represents a contribution to the Czech fund sector, and to evaluate in which aspects the SICAV legislation was successful and in which not. SICAV structure is analyzed from three perspectives: 1) whether it fulfilled the expectations of market participants on new fund structure, 2) whether the Czech SICAV legislation can withstand competition from similar foreign structures from countries with developed fund sector such as Luxembourg, Ireland and Malta, and 3) quantitative analysis of the impacts of the SICAV on the investment funds sector in the Czech Republic. Based on the analysis, proposals are made to improve the unsuccessful legislative aspects so that SICAV meets market requirements and fulfills effectively its functions. Comparison with the foreign regulations of the SICAV represents inspiration for Czech. Suggestions on the further regulation are a practical contribution of this thesis, which can also serve as a starting point for further research on assessment of the impact of regulation on capital market development. Key words: SICAV, investment fund, fund of qualified investors, fund sector, capital...
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Transaction with securities and their legal regulation
Reiterman, Dávid ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
Resume: The aim of my thesis is to define the area of investment banking and point out its specifics in terms of Czech life and institutions in carrying out securities transactions by way of analyzing relevant legislation, its doctrinal interpretation, supplemented by some practical conclusions drawn from relevant case law and opinions of regulatory bodies. The thesis is divided into three separate parts. The first part tries to grasp theoretical concepts used in the title of this work. The definition and nature of security is essential for its later usage in terms of operations which are performed with such securities by investment banks. Types of such operations are defined by various investment services which determine the extent of investment banks' scope of business. In addition to those investment services, the Czech regulatory environment also addresses the status of investment banks whose different models (in terms of their functioning) can lead to terminological questions of why some investment banks are not a bank in a legal sense. The above provides a basis for the second part of my thesis, which is concerned with an analysis of respective securities operations that are usually carried out by investment banks operating in the Czech Republic. These operations are linked together and are often...
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Modern types of derivates and their reflection in positive law
Laga, Vojtěch ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
Abstract/ Modern Types of Derivatives and its Reflection in the Positive Law The purpose of my thesis is to provide an introduction to modern types of derivatives and analyze its regulation in the positive law of the Czech Republic. The reason for my research is an absence of literature on modern types of derivatives in the Czech language, as well as the fact that the legal nature of derivatives remains still unclear. The thesis is composed of four chapters. Chapter One provides an introduction into derivatives in general. It deals with the notion of derivatives and classifies them as an innovative instrument of the capital market. It also tries to analyze various definitions of derivatives, and although it concludes that there is no ideal, all-encompassing definition of derivatives, existing definitions usually give fairly good idea about what the derivatives are. Chapter One further deals with the regulation of derivatives in the Czech law (importantly, its tries to rebut an opinion that derivatives fall under the regulation of hazardous activities), it focuses on economic function of derivatives (namely hedging and speculation), it explains and justifies the division of derivatives into "classic" and "modern" or "exotic" derivatives, and finally it describes the main types of classic derivatives and its...
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Legal issues of transactions with securities and financial derivatives
Pospíšilová, Karolína ; Bakeš, Milan (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
1 Abstract Legal issues of transactions with securities and financial derivatives The aim of this thesis is to analyse valid legal regulations concerning securities and financial derivatives, to compare it with regulations valid before recodification of Czech private law as well as to describe operation of the financial market, where transactions with securities and financial derivatives take place, through analysis of capital market regulation and supervision. The thesis is composed of three main chapters. Chapter One is focused on a definition of the financial market and its structure and further examines the capital market as a part of the financial market. Primary attention is concentrated on capital market regulation and supervision from the perspective of international, European and national law. Conclusion of this chapter deals with the main organizer of the regulated market in the Czech Republic, i.e Prague Stock Exchange. Chapter Two concerns the definitions of securities and their classification according to their forms and types. Shares, as one of the most important type of securities, are covered in more detail. This chapter also outlines issuance of securities and describes main contracts concerning securities. This part also includes a dedicated section on investment instruments embracing both...
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Initial Public Offerings in the Czech Republic
Musil, Jakub ; Ptáček, Roman (referee) ; Meluzín, Tomáš (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the initial public offering (IPO) in terms of key factors that affect the company when considering issues of its securities. The first part contains an explanation of theoretical concepts that are connected with the IPO and are important for its successful realisation. The second part examines selected analyzes that describe the readiness to go public in a selected company. The last part of the work formulates recommendations for entering the capital market based on found information.
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