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Ječmen jako surovina a jeho využití v cereálních technologiích
Šimková, Magdalena
Bachelor thesis with topic Barley as raw material and its utilization in cereal technology describes current production of barley, utilization of barley in food processing and varieties of barley that are using in grocery store. It includes a specification of the anatomic structure of grain and material composition, from which is important a content of dietary fiber and beta-glucans, which have a proven influence on human health. It describes milling of barley, grain processing during production of peeled barley, use barley flour in bakery products such as bread and pastry and ability to influence the colour and texture of final products by barley flour. The work is complemented by studies, when products of cereal technology are enriched by barley flour. In conclusion, the questionnaire introduces that many of consumer don´t know about a positive health aspects of barley and that peeled barley is the earliest used products from barley grain.
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Vliv skladování krmných surovin na výskyt mykotoxinů
Mrvová, Kateřina
Mrvová K.: Storage of feed materials impact on the development of mykotoxins. Brno: Mendel university in Brno, 2017. The thesis deals with the explanation of the concepts related to mold, mycotoxins and their influence on the storage of feed materials. Furthermore, the effect of these pathogens on the animals health and the possibility of their elimination is also included. The experimental part focuses on the inoculation of the Fusarium culmorum fungus and the subsequent analysis of mycotoxins in the year of sowing and the year after the storage. The most represented toxin was deoxynivalenol, which was present in the 57 % of all samples. Other major representatives were DON-3-glucoside (masked mycotoxin) and zearalenone, also one of the most common mycotoxins in feed. Based on the data found it was concluded that, with some exceptions such as 15-acetyl-DON, beta-zearalenone and enniatin A1, most of mycotoxins increased despite the previous application of fungicides and despite the optimal conditions of storage.
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Studium přepěňování piva při použití sladů ze sladovny Bernard
Stuchlík, Tomáš
In theoretical part of this diploma thesis "Study of beer gushing using malts from Bernard's malthouse" are introduced elemental theoretical information about barley, malting and beer making. Further description of fungi, which can infect barley, and their products - mycotoxins and hydrophobins, which can contaminate malt. Next chapter is about gushing in general, sortinting of gushing, principle and factors what influence him, also about possibillities of reduction and prediction. Practical part of diploma thesis is about measuring gushing pontencial by Carlsberg test and is divided into two parts. Aim of first part is gushing pontecional of each interrmediate product during malting in Malthouse Rajhrad. Second part is focused on/at? optimalization prediction method called Carlsberg test and factors whitch can have influence onto method's results.
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Technologické možnosti výroby instantních nápojů
Vincentová, Klára
The diploma thesis deals with technological possibilities of production of cereal instant drinks using oat and barley malts. The experiment was based on the production of oat and barley malt in a micro-refrigeration plant. Malts were scrapped and scrap of both types of malt was sieved through a sieve of three types of roughness (0,315 mm; 0,4 mm; 0,63 mm). Mashing of powdered malt in proportions (100 % oat malt; 100 % barley malt; 90 % barley malt and 10 % oat malt; 75 % barley malt and 25 % oat malt; 50 % barley malt and 50 % oat malt) took place in mashing bath. The aim of mashing was to heat the malt to a sugar-forming temperature to activate α-amylases and β-amylases. The sweet wort was dried in a condensing oven at a constant temperature of 90 ° C for 24 hours. The dried sweet wort was ground to the final grain size in a laboratory mill. Based on different granularity and different ratios of oat and barley malt, instant drinks were prepared which were subjected to sensory analysis and chromatographic determination of carbohydrates. According to the statistical evaluation of the sensory analysis data, the pure oat malt beverage is the most acceptable option, and the pure barley malt drink was the least acceptable; the preference of barley malt beverages increased with the addition of oat malt. HPLC analysis of carbohydrates showed that the overall carbohydrate yield increased in beverages using finer sieves. The oat malt beverage contains more oligosaccharides than the barley malt beverage. Oligosaccharide content increases in barley malt beverage with gradual addition of oat malt.
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Výroba a využití speciálních sladů pro výrobu sladiny a piva
Chlápková, Tereza
The bachelor thesis whose name is „Production and use of special malts for wort and beer production“ is mainly about malt production. The introduction describes the production of malt and what common malts are used in beer production. Furthermore, the work focuses on special malts, especially malts from non-traditional cereals and their use in brewing. It describes the substitutes used in beer production and how they affect the quality of the beer. In conclusion, the thesis focuses on the production of beer and what influence technological changes can have on the resulting beer.
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Vliv vybraných agrotechnických faktorů na výši produkce vybraných druhů obilnin
Šutera, David
This thesis is focused on the characterization of selected agrotechnical factors - soil cultivation, inclusion of the crop in the sowing process and sowing. The thesis begins with a description of the current crop structure in the Czech Republic and the biological characteristics of cereals. It focuses on wheat, barley and maize. There are many views around the way the soil is cultivated, the habitat knowledge and its ability to endure different ways of processing are important. The practical part deals with the monitoring of the influence of different soil treatment and pre-crop yields of winter wheat and the dependence of different soil cultivation on the crop rotation with an impact on the yield of spring barley. The period 2015-2017 was rated. In addition, the effect of soil treatment on the yield of maize grain in 2002-2008 and 2010-2017 was monitored. Survey data was compared in individual years with a multi-factor variance analysis of mean values. Data were processed in STATISTICS 12. From the observation it was possible to find out the most appropriate way of incorporating the crop in the cropping process and soil cultivation for the area in which the experiments were based.
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Dlouhodobý vliv vybraných pěstitelských opatření na zaplevelení jarního ječmene
Skácel, Vladimír
The bachelor thesis deals with the influence of straw management in combination with soil cultivation and the influence of crop rotation on the weed infestation of spring barley. Weed infestation evaluation was carried out on the experimental plot in cadastral area of village Ivanovice na Hané. On the experimental parcels the number of weeds was evaluated per 1 m2. In comparison with variants of crop rotation, was founded a higher weed infestation in the variant of rotation between the variant of cultivation of spring barley and winter wheat. From the point of view of straw management in combination with soil cultivation, the highest weed infestation were in variants of straw burning and the rotation of cereal crop with phacelia tanacetifolia The most common weeds were Fallopia convolvulus, Chenopodium album, Veronica persica, Lamium amplexicaule and Veronica polita.
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Úloha huminových látek ve zmírňování negativních dopadů působení solí na rostliny ječmene jarního
Jarošová, Markéta
Salinity induced by various sodium salts (NaCl and Na2SO4) led to changes in growth parameters that differs depending on used cultivar and pH of applied salt solution. Cultivar Radegast showed the highest sensitivity to salinity that was reflected in a reduction of shoot and root growth, a decrease of tissue water content, an excessive sodium accumulation in shoots and a radical formation of ROS in the root tips. Subsequent experiment using various types of humic acids revealed that technical humic acid (HA; 6.0 mg . l-1), unlike Lignohumát Max, stimulates NaCl-treated plant growth and simultaneously reduces accumulation of sodium in their tissues.HA applied into culture solution is able to induce an enhancement of certain metabolites(syringic acid and lactic acid in shoots, quinic acid and malic acid in roots, andascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, phytochelatin 2 and free amino acids in shoots). However, NaCl caused a decrease of majority free amino acids (except for proline and histidine), phenolic acids and antioxidants in leaves. On the other hand, an increase of lactic acid and quinic acid was observed in roots. Salinity significantly induced oxidative stress; it is evident from the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (APX, CAT, GR and SOD). HA was able to mitigate NaCl-induced oxidative stress, as also evidenced by fluorescence microscopy. Simultaneously, HA was also able to reduce NaCl-induced excessive accumulation of sodium content in cultivar Radegast.
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Studium bílkovinného komplexu zrna pšenice a ječmene po aplikaci dusíku a síry
Popelková, Barbora
The thesis objective was to check out the effect of nitrogen fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizers with sulphur in nutrition of spring barley (variety Bojos) and winter wheat (variety Mulan). The quality of protein complex was determined on grain samples by the HPLC method. The application of sulphur showed also in the fractional composition of the proteinous complex. The wheat grain without applied sulphur fertilizers had significantly higher percentage proportion of ?-gliadins, albumins and globulins compared to the variants treated this way. It was at the expense of gluten proteins. The greatest fertilization effect was proved after application of Yara Vita Thiotrac in late vegetation period. The proportion of barley´s LMW glutelins, D-hordeins, albumins and globulins has demonstrably increased in the variants with applied sulphur. The changes of fractional protein composition caused by degradation of high-molecular compounds during malting and mashing were confirmed.
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The effect of temperature in interaction with other factors of climatic change on selected physiological parameters and yield of C3 and C4 crops
Jiras, Tomáš ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Mašková, Petra (referee)
The current climate change mainly involves global warming of the Earth, and anthropogenic activity is predominantly identified as the dominant cause. As a result of the ongoing climate change, there are ever-expanding areas with rainfall deficits, extreme weather patterns including heat waves, etc. Plants must be acclimated or adapted to worsening environmental conditions in the short term as a result of the climate change. Stress load significantly changes plant physiological parameters, even lethally. Plants respond to stress by acclimation responses and adaptations induced by changes in gene expressions on metabolic, physiological or structural levels, by phenotype modification, and other changes. The threat also affects agricultural plant production, which is obliged to ensure food security of the ever-increasing human population. The climate change is expected to reduce crop yields. The aim of this Thesis is to summarize knowledge about changes in crop physiology and agricultural production due to stress factors of the climate change, especially temperature, with emphasis on differences between C3 and C4 plants. Most of the work deals with C3 cereals: wheat, barley, rice and C4: corn, sorghum. Different responses of these crops are discussed, such as change in phenology, water use, CO2...
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