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Computational study of initial stages of metal films growth
Kuriščák, Pavel ; Wild, Jan (referee) ; Hrach, Rudolf (advisor)
In this thesis we developed and implemented the molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation methods and applied them to simulated processes taking place during the thin _lm growth on the substrate. Due to the high computational requirements the simulation is carried out under some simpli_ed assumptions corresponding to model systems. Further in the work a basic proposition of statistical methodology is suggested. It is used to connect these simulation methods and its function is demonstrated on the simulation of model structures. Results of Monte Carlo simulations are evaluated using image processing techniques.
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Study of transition layers in a gamma TiAl - CaO - Al2O3 SYSTEM
Dočekalová, Kateřina ; Dlouhý, Antonín ; Zemčík, L. ; Fiala, J.
The main attention in the present study focuses on the reactions between a ceramic crucible and the molten intermetallic alloy. The qualitative and quantitative metallographic analysis investigates the transition layers which are built during the melting process on the CaO-coated surface of the Al2O3 crucible. Preliminary results suggest that relevant chemical reactions are limited to a boundary layer with a characteristic thickness of 200 mm. In this layer, the high-temperature diffusion contributes to the nucleation and growth of complex phases the origin of which could result in an enrichment of the melt by oxygen.
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Functional thin films for applications using advanced oxidation processes
ŠRAM, Vlastimil
This diploma thesis aims to optimalization the process of magnetron sputtering and creating of thin layers for use in advanced oxidation processes. During the work was created range of TiOx layers. For this process was used physical method of sputtering called PVD. The photocatalytic activity of the deposited films was tested by degradation of organic dyes Acid Orange 7. Furthermore, the layer was analyzed on surface morphology (SEM) and the layer thickness (profilometry). Study of created layers was focused on the link between the characteristics of each layer, deposition parameters and photocatalysis properties. Based on these results, the layers were applied in a system using AOP for the decomposition of organic substances. The first chapter is devoted to a summary of existing knowledge of photocatalysis and its principles. Another chapter is devoted to the theory and methods of applying thin layers and summary of knowledge of the low-pressure discharges. In the exprimental section there are described various components of the apparatus. Furthermore, the experimental part of the work focuses on the analysis of the optimization process of applying thin layers on titanium oxide. The last chapter of the thesis contains the results of the experiments on the basis of is designed another research progress of this issue.
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"Disciplination" of popular classes, a reform of elementary education and educational literature in Czech-speaking regions from 1774 to 1805
Kneblík, Michal ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This diploma thesis decribes the practical aspect of education on minor schools in Bohemia throught the Czech educational literature with regard to theories of 'civilization' and 'disciplination' of Norbert Elias and Michel Foucault from 1774 to 1805. Firstly, it focuses on a general context of reforms on the field of primary education in the Habsburg monarchy and especially in Bohemia. It analyses 'school returns'(fase) - the unique source about reforms - after a theoretical part concerns theories of Elias and Foucault and its possible application to the study of education. It outlines the literature used for the education on the basis of 'returns' and the key handbook of J. I. Felbiger Kniha methodní. There were a Catechism, a Spelling-book, Books for reading, the Kniha methodní itself, O pravém způsobu cvičení mládeže from A. V. Pařízek and a Catechism of Health just on the edge. Finally, after their analysis and in the context of forenamed theories, we dare to express some ideas about a school discipline, relations between school, family and body and about a construction of pattern of subject which was influencing an opinion of popular classes at the end of eighteenth century.
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The quality of life of patients with the iflammatory bowel disease
Vondroušová, Martina ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Skorunka, David (referee) ; Šauer, Karel (referee)
THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH THE IFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE The term "quality of life" has been already mentioned in the 1920s. And it has been done so in connections with consideration about economic development and problem of government in the field of financial support of lower classes of society. In general, the study of the quality of life means searching and identifying which contribute to good and meaningful life and the feelings of human happiness. There are all kinds of definitions of the quality of life in special literature. But there is no any which would be generally accepted in the last thirty years. There are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in the group of the inflammatory bowel disease. The cause of these inflammations is not known and so they are called inflammatory. Both of the mentioned illnesses are appositely worked through in the theoretical part of my thesis together with brief description of the terms - health and quality of life. The aim of the empiric part of my work was to describe and analyze the quality of life of selected group of patients who suffer from the inflammatory bowel disease. There were examined three fields of the quality of life - physical, mental and social. I hope that my work puts generally the quality of life well, describes mentioned...
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Study of Influence of Segregated Impurities on Magnetism of Grain Boundaries and Free Surfaces in FCC Nickel and Cobalt
Všianská, Monika ; Vémolová, H. ; Šob, Mojmír
We present an ab initio study of segregation of 12 nonmagnetic sp impurities (Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Se, In, Sn, Sb and Te) at the Sigma5(210) grain boundary (GB) and (210) free surface (FS) in ferromagnetic fcc nickel and cobalt. We analyze their effect on structure, magnetic and mechanical properties. We determine the preferred segregation sites of the impurity atoms, their segregation enthalpies and strengthening/embrittling energies with their decomposition into the chemical and mechanical components. In this contribution, we focused on the influence of segregated impurities on the magnetic moments of neighbouring atoms, the changes in the density of states and why the magnetically dead layers may be present in nickel but not in the cobalt.
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Bioengineering testing of the human skin and the use of cosmetic products
Freudlová, Michaela ; Omelková, Jiřina (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
Kůže chrání organismus zejména proti vlivům mikroorganizmů a chemickým látkám. Kůže se skládá ze čtyř základních částí: pokožka, bazální membrána, škára a podkožní tukové vazivo. Rohová vrstva je nejsvrchnější vrstvou pokožky a je důležitá v dermatologicko-kosmetickém průmyslu. Rohová vrstva je tvořena proteinovými buňkami, které jsou odklopeny lipidovou dvouvrstvou. Neporušeností lipidové dvouvrstvy je dána bariérová funkce kůže. Bariéra kůže není souvislá. Voda může difundovat k povrchu ze spodních, lépe hydratovaných vrstev kůže. Tento tok vody se nazývá přirozená ztráta vody pokožkou (TEWL) a může být měřen. TEWL se měří bioinženýrskymi metodami a je jím hodnocena bariérová funkce kůže. Hydratace rohové vrstvy se měří také bioinženýrskými metodami. tyto metody jsou založeny na elektrických vlastnostech kůže. Tato práce se zabývá hodnocením hydratace kůže, funkcí kožní bariéry a srovnáním měřících přístrojů. K měření bylo použito několik různých přístrojů. Tewameter měří evaporaci vody nad pokožkou, Skicon 200-EX měří elektrickou konduktanci, zatímco analogický i digitální Corneometr měří elektrickou kapacitanci. Měření byla uskutečněna před specifickým ošetřením a po specifickém ošetření, jako je stripování nebo aplikace kosmetického produktu. Ze získaných výsledků je možno říci, ze hodnoty TEWL se s stripováním zvyšují a hodnoty hydratace se po aplikaci hydratačního produktu také zvyšují. Srovnání měřících přístrojů se hodnotilo Pearson korelačním koeficientem. Koeficienty byly kladné a platné, což znamenalo lineární korelaci mezi dvěma určitými přístroji.
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