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Isolation of early stages of germ cells in pikeperch (\kur{Sander lucioperca})
GÜNGÖR, Ege
A practical technique for enzymatic dissociation and isolation of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) (Percidae, Teleostei) early stage germ cells (eGC), including spermatogonia and spermatocytes, is reported in this study. Their potential to differentiate into functional gametes, and transmit genetic information to the next generations makes them suitable for cryopreservation and surrogate reproduction studies by germline chimera. Two different age groups (14 month old and 18 month old) of pikeperch were used to adjust the correct stage of eGC isolation. Finally the 18 month old samples were selected due to their high average gonadal volume (0.513 g). 10 ml PBS + 0.3% trypsin (304 mOsm/kg, pH 8) were used for enzymatic dissociation of testicular cells and they were sorted by centrifugation in Percoll density gradient. eGCs were identified on the basis of their ploidy level by CYSTAIN DNA 1 steps kit (PARTEC) and morphological characteristics trough by light microscopy. Cell counting was performed on histological sections and Percoll gradient layers whit the method of random square counting. The method of isolation enriched the number of eGC from 41.3% to 84.7%, obtained from the 33% of Percoll concentration.
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Nursing process in patiens undergoing endoscopic examination methods.
FORŠTOVÁ, Eliška
In recent decades the endoscopy plays an important role in detection and subsequent treatment of diseases, through which the pathological changes in all hollow organs can be viewed and controlled either by physiological or artificial pathway. A great emphasis is put on care which is provided by the medical personal during the endoscopy. The first aim of the thesis was to find out how patients are prepared for the selected endoscopy and how they tolerate this preparation as well as the course and care after the examination and what information patients have about the steps after the endoscopy. The second aim was to find out how nurses prepare patients for the selected endoscopy and take care of them during and after those examinations. The research part of this thesis was processed as a form of qualitative research, a half-designed interview was chosen as a technique of data collection. There were two groups of researched ? patients who have undergone some of the selected endoscopy and nurses who took care of patients before, during and after the examination. The main results, which are summarized in the tables, include findings about the care which was provided to patients and nurser´s activities associated with the correct preparation before, during and after the examination. These tables are based on results of both reports. The results present that the patients are very well prepared by the nurses for selected endoscopy although these examinations are very stressful for the patients. That relates with their perception of care during the nursing process. Neither patients nor nurses can remember the complete set of acts associated with the preparation, the course and the nursing process after the endoscopy. In conclusion, nothing was neglected during the nursing process, including an information guideline after the endoscopy. Based on these results, an information booklet has been prepared which could have great benefits for patients undergoing selected endoscopy ? especially colonoscopy which is the most common endoscopy. The information booklet contains information about a suitable diet (without any left-overs) and food selection that the patient should follow before colonoscopy.
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Physiotherapy in skoliosis
KOLIBÍKOVÁ, Šárka
Abstract The title and focus of my bachelor thesis is Physiotherapy in Scoliosis. This topic has been selected intentionally since it is related to me personally, having had problems with my back since childhood. Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity. Besides frontal plane, there are also sagittal and transversal plane variations, described as vertebral rotation and torsion. The curve can be simple, double, or even triple in some cases of idiopathic scoliosis. The main goal in scoliosis therapy is to prevent further progression of scoliotic changes, or, if possible, to improve the defect of the spinal position. The other important factor with an effect on scoliosis is substitution of incorrect postural and movement patterns with correct ones. An individual approach to each subject is applied during exercises. Many special therapeutic gymnastic methods have been developed with potential positive effects on scoliosis, but without leading to its healing, such as the methods of: Klapp, von Niederhöffer, Gocht-Gessner, Ludmila Mojžíšová, Roswita Brukow, Schroth, Scharrl, hippotherapy, Reflex Locomotion (Vojta therapy), therapy based on basal programs, exercises on balls, electric stimulation, corset therapy{\dots} If the traditional approach to treatment is not successful or the patient came late with an already significantly developed deformity, corrective surgery and stabilisation is necessary. A decision on surgery is a key moment for both the physician and patient or child{\crq}s parents. Surgery aims to straighten the curve as much as possible and to keep this erection permanently. In my research, I used the Schroth based method. It is a special method for treatment of multicurved profile dislocation and static changes of the scoliotic body. One of the key roles is the usage of corrective pads, pillows or foam balls which are placed in such a way as to help the best possible correction of the curvature. Patients perform their exercises in this position, with targeted breathing gymnastics {--} derotation by breathing. Relaxation and stretching exercises are also useful in this method. I have conducted "research" in two adolescent patients with diagnosed scoliosis. The exercise group was active for half a year, every two weeks. Therapy by Mrs. Schroth is very demanding and requires extensive synergy and motivation of the patient. Results of my study indicate that both patients have achieved correction of their scoliotic posture. They have a better perception of their body and there is a visual cosmetic improvement, which is also an important result.
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Educational opportunities of students with low funkcioning autism.
VACKOVÁ, Lucie
The topic of this bachelor thesis is Educational possibilities of pupils with low-functional autism. The aim of this thesis is to find out the differences in education of schoolchildren with low-functional autism in the classes for children with heavy mental handicap and parallel handicap and in the classes with specially modified educational program for schoolchildren with disorder of autistic spectrum. The classes were chosen in České Budějovice. The education of these pupils is based on didactical rules, mainly on individual approach. During the writing of this thesis was found out that it is very difficult to delimitate particularities of pedagogical principals of both groups. The teachers and their assistants mostly did not know what to answer on the question: ?Which of pedagogical principals do you prefer?? Pedagogical principals are also described in the theoretical part. I found out there is a many possibilities. Principals that are used during the education of autistic children are also theoretically set. It is a good way how to deal with these pupils. In practice are these principals used according the particularities and it is very difficult to delimit exact particularities in the classes, where many pupils are and who have different needs. It can be said that each child is specific and needs different pedagogical principals. It was found that positive things appear in every kind of these classes. They are always connected with definite pupil and his specifics. Between negative things there is always financial problematic of these institutions. Teacher?s assistant is basically very necessary for the autistic children. The institution has not got many financial resources to hire enough employees who could raise the quality of education. An individual approach to these children is really important. A crucial fact for their education is determination of particularities of each pupil and according to this fact to choose the correct approach. An individual approach was found in every kind of examined classes. In every class is also very important the structure of the class and specific needs of its pupils. On these facts depends other things like time demand on the tasks or the size of the class. The specifics in the individual approach were not discovered. It is evident that the selection of educational system plays important role for development of these individuals and incorrect choice can endanger individuality development of children with autism. This thesis could deal as an informational resource for parents of children with low-functional autism from České Budějovice and surroundings, who make or will make a decision, where their child will be educated and which kind of class choose in order to be the most effective for their child. However, in the thesis are principal information and it would be helpful to extend the thesis and completed it. The parents could welcome this information and thanks to that to penetrate this topic. In cooperation with special pedagogical centre for mental handicap, that is a part of Kindergarten, Elementary and Practical school in České Budějovice, Štítného 3, this thesis could help to familiarize with the institutions, where these children can be educated.
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Shoes and its effect on the foot and posture
KRÁSNÁ, Jana
This thesis in focused on the influence of footwear not only directly on the foot and its sole but also on the posture and body as a whole. The foot is firstly the organ that enables movement of the locomotive system but which also provides direct contact with the surroundings and the way of getting information about it through proprioception. The foot also enables "keeping" to the ground we move on. It is connected through the muscle system with the levels above and so mutual influence of all body segments is established. The posture of lumbar spine, the function of the diaphragm, posture of the cervical spine and of the shoulder joints are the most important. Due to the fact that we spend two thirds of the day, or 16 hours a day, wearing shoes, their influence cannot be insignificant. Most types of shoes hinder the above mentioned functions of the feet through their faulty construction and their influence can be described more as that of a splint. Wearing some shoes can bring completely unnatural or even pathological foot posture which through the muscle systems further influences faulty posture of higher body segments. Data for this research were obtained using qualitative research with 12 students of the University of South Bohemia participating. The research group was divided into three categories by the type of worn footwear (naked, sport and healed footwear respectively). Subjective examination of the standing posture as well as examination using a lead was conducted. The walking gait was examined first barefoot, then in normal wear and finally on narrowed base. Finally the examination of the foot was performed where activity and function was tested using the Véle method, further the toe abduction and the grip tests. The aim of this research was to map the influences of wearing the different types of shoes on the body as a whole. The results show that a foot capable of full activity and function is closely connected to the correct activity of the diaphragm. On the contrary, with pathological function of the foot the function of the higher body segments will be influenced negatively. The foot is therefore concluded to play a major role in the function of the locomotive system and should always be taken into account in physiotherapy.
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The meaning and essence of aeronautical information services in civil aviation
Dubnický, Lukáš ; Janhuba, Luboš (referee) ; Chlebek, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to produce an integrated overview and characteristic of practices and activities which are implemented to provide aeronautical information service in Czech Republic. The main information source is the Czech aeronautical law L15 which meets ICAO Annex 15 requirements. Due to high level of standardization, a great deal of information related to aeronautical information services in the Czech Republic can be understood as generally correct for ICAO based systems of other states. Where possible theoretical information are connected with practical applications.
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Digital image watermarking
Číka, Petr ; Krbilová, Izabela (referee) ; Makáň, Florian (referee) ; Němec, Karel (advisor)
Digital image watermarking has developed for the purpose of protecting intellectual property rights to multimedia data. The focus of this thesis is searching for an alternative solution of digital image watermarking methods. A detailed analysis of watermarking methods particularly in the frequency domain, and the modification of these methods are the main aim of this work. Improved performance in watermark extraction is one of the main goals. First, the common static image watermarking methods, possible attacks on the watermarked data and techniques for objective measurement of watermarked image quality are shortly introduced. Techniques which use the space domain for watermarking ar described in the next part of this work. It is about techniques which insert the watermark into the least significant bits of an image both in the RGB domain and in the YUV domain. The main part of the thesis depicts modified and newly developed static image watermarking methods in the frequency domain. These methods use various transforms and error-correction codes, by means of which the watermark robustness increases. All the methods developed are tested in MATLAB. Results together with tables and graphs are one part of work. The end of the thesis is devoted to a comparison of all the developed methods and their evaluation.
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Class D audio power amplifier with input selector
Krmela, Tomáš ; Šotner, Roman (referee) ; Kratochvíl, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis deals with a Class D low-frequency amplifier in class D with an input selector and a tone preamplifier. The preamplifier consists of a Philips TDA1524A electrical circuit. The advantages of this circuit are the usage of simple potentiometers and the absence of potentiometer electronic noise when tuning due to the voltage control of corrections. Core power module is a STmicroelectronics TDA7490 electrical circuit. It is a stereophonic 2 x 25W Class D audio power amplifier.
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Minimally-invasive approaches for the hip replacements
Kubeš, Radovan ; Koudela, Karel (advisor) ; Poul, Jan (referee) ; Landor, Ivan (referee)
Contemporary world and medicine are marked by very rapid development of miniaturization, which surprisingly not missed also endoprothetics and arised thankfully to the strong medial attention gigantic wave of public interest about possibility of mini - invasive operative. In public media was this method presented like revolutionary and almost like a nonstrum, first medical publications (especially from pioneers those techniques) were also generally positive, but also since the begginnig had this method also its non-supporters. Own idea of mini- invasive operative is without any doubt correct step into the future, theoretical benefits are indisputable and logical. In wiew of this facts, that it was for me "no man's land" , I decided as a first step to study all published facts and later than I began practical testing of mini-invasive approaches on cadavers studies and than finally after very carefully evaluation of all facts I started to perform mini-invasive approaches. In an effort to deprese maximally the learnig curve, I started my mini-invasive implantation with femoral component only - so cervicocapital endoprosthesis, only after estimation of this group and with newly acquired experiences I came up to perform MIS- THR .. Our statistically prooved final results tell us, that implantation THR...
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Rodina auxinových přenašečů PIN: funkční a evoluční pohled
Skůpa, Petr ; Zažímalová, Eva (advisor) ; Hejátko, Jan (referee) ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (referee)
Growth and development of plant body is dependent on correct and effective integration of information about current deployment of its body parts, as well as on perception and transduction of inputs from environment. Multiple developmental processes within plant body are determined by specific and tightly controlled distribution of molecule with unique signaling mission within plant development - auxin. Spatial distribution of auxin is co-determined by plethora of tightly controlled processes, and the polar auxin transport plays unique role among them. PIN proteins are the plant-specific family of secondary transporters driving movement of auxin across membranes. With their frequent asymmetrical localization within cells, specific expression patterns in developing tissues and their reactiveness to external cues they secure unique, dynamic and asymmetric distribution of auxin within the plant body. This dissertation thesis is focused on characterization of the role different PIN proteins play in determining cellular auxin homeostasis and consequent formation of auxin gradients. Controlled overexpression of PIN proteins in tobacco cells showed, that PIN4 and to some extent also PIN6, function as the direct auxin efflux carriers. In the cellular auxin transport they play the role analogous to other...
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