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Movement intervention like a tool of subject's life style influence in age from 20 to 53 years
Živný, Vít ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Mahrová, Andrea (referee)
Title: Movement intervention like a tool of subject's life style influence in age from 20 to 53 years Student: Bc. Vít Živný Supervisor: prof. Ing. Václav Bunc, CSc. Purpose: To provide the informations about lifestyle of subject in age 20 - 53 years . To show risks factors of health problems derived from their current status - body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and more. Using anthropometric methods used to assess current physical condition. With physical activities intervention affect and decrease these risk factors. Methods: Aplication of physical intervention in the range of 11 to 17 weeks for the subject. Regular anthropometric measurements and filling data into tables. Comparing with common standards. Determination of the actual level of health risks. Progressive evaluation of improving the condition and reducing risks. Results: Applied movement interventions significantly reduce health risks associated with current physical condition detected by anthropometric methods. The application also affect the overall view of the lifestyle chosen people. Regular physical activity of right intensity significantly reduces the risk of health problems and other diseases. Key words: lifestyle, physical activity, hypokinesis, nutrition, obesity, BMI, WHR, reducing program, health risks
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Eating habits and behaviors of Czech adolescents in relation to their body weight
Paterová, Zuzana ; Hlavatá, Karolína (advisor) ; Vašíčková, Jitka (referee)
The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has reached pandemic proportions nowadays. Obese individuals are at risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, musculoskeletal diseases, etc. Children increasingly live a sedentary lifestyle and consume high-energy food with poor combination of nutrients. In the Czech Republic, however, there exist no comprehensive structure for the fight against child obesity and a lack of meaningful data on the prevalence of obesity in adolescent population. This work is drawn up under the project COPAT. The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of basic nutrients and their relationship to weight, dietary recommendations for adolescents, the assessment of nutritional status, etiology of obesity and obesity-related complications. The main emphasis is placed on the practical part, which focuses on results of the research, which provides information about dietary habits and behaviour of 100 adolescents in relation to their body weight. Key words: obesity, nutrition, nutritional status, adolescents, health risks
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The safety and disposal of wastes from health-care facilities; possible risks for producers, employers and environment
Lipjaková, Andrea ; Kožíšek, František (advisor)
Hospitals should be safe places for patients, visitors and for staff. Linked to this is goes also ensured safe handling of waste and its disposal, so that there is no threat to both human health and the environment. Beside waste, which we encounter in any other activity, results from the specific therapeutic activities a medical waste, which by its nature may pose a risk. This group of waste includes human blood, secretions or feces. Biologically contaminated waste may be contaminated with pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, sharp objects that may cause injury and are associated with a potential risk of infection. Cytostatic pharmaceuticals are especially dangerous for its mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. In order to completely eliminate these risks, an appropriate consideration should be given to disposal of this highly dangerous waste. It is essential that the waste is properly sorted and properly disposed so as to avoid jeopardizing of patients, staff and the environment.
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Immobilization of heavy metals in the cement matrix with the admixture of natural zeolite
Semerádová, Nikol ; Bayer, Patrik (referee) ; Vyšvařil, Martin (advisor)
Heavy metals released to the natural ecosystem constitute significant risks not only for organisms, but also for water supplies in the nature. There are a number of analytical methods for the determination of heavy metals. Each of them is suitable for different element and its character. Since the results of the analysis are applied during the solidification and stabilization, it is necessary to ensure the highest correlation between hazardous waste and solidification medium for maximum inhibition of toxic ions. This work investigates the stabilization of heavy metals binders based on cement base with admixture of the natural zeolite and its possible use for the solidification of heavy metals in soluble form.
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The concentration of particulate matter in the air of selected areas of the city of Brno and its health risks
Bulejko, Pavel ; Čáslavský,, Josef (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá znečištěním ovzduší pevnými prachovými částicemi v lokalitách města Brna. V teoretické části je pojednáno o možných zdrojích prachových částic, o chemickém složení a velikostní klasifikaci polétavých částic a dalších fyzikálně-chemických charakteristikách. Další část je věnována zdravotním rizikům prašnosti. V této souvislosti práce pojednává o anatomii dýchacího systému a účincích prachu na něj. Jsou taktéž rozebrány zdravotní efekty prachového znečištění, včetně uvedení možných nemocí respiračního a kardiovaskulárního systému, jejichž může být prach příčinou. V praktické části byl proveden sběr prachu. Byly vybrány celkem čtyři lokality, kde byly prováděny odběry vzorků. Následně byly stanoveny koncentrace polétavých částic PM10 a PM2,5. Dále byly u vybraných lokalit stanoveny koncentrace těžkých kovů a polyaromatických uhlovodíků vázaných na prachových částicích. V závěru bylo provedeno srovnání s legislativou a stanovena zdravotní rizika.
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Hygiene Factors Issues of Noise, Dust and Vibrations in the Workplace Grinding Castings
STODOLOVSKÁ, Květa
My diploma work is focusing on the health problems of selected factors in the working enviroment of grinding the metal castings. There are high-risk factors, which are harmful to worker´s health, especially physical stress, noise, dust and vibrations, which are passed on hands. The employer is under the obligation to take precautions to carry on worker´s health, in consideration of exceed the health limits. The aim of this diploma work was setting the efficiency of precautions to health protection in work enviroment. The situation had been monitoring in a company in the South Bohemia over ten years. There were used results of factor´s precautions (noise, dust, vibrations) in work enviroment, where workers grind the metal castings by hand grinders. The monitoring ensemble was created by employess in a company, which makes the metal castings by hand grinders in its work enviroment. To data collecting were used the following methods: non-aligned observation, conversation with the chief of the company, studying of positive law and technical literature incl. test codes of the health institute (department Ceske Budejovice). The data of the test codes were processed by the secundary analysis and summarized to tables and graphs. Within qualitative analysis I determinated four research questions, which were answered gradually in my work: 1)Which precautions are carry out by employers to particular factors of employee´s health protection? 2)What is the factor´ s efficiency? 3)What impact do the precautions have on results of factor´s measuring? 4)Which precautions can I recommend on the grounds of the evalutation of the work enviroment? Both means of collective and individual protection belong to the precautions of worker´s health protection today. The technical, technologiacal and organisational precautions are included to collective protections. The individual precautions are focusing especially on employees and offer the substitute solutions. All precautions are specific to individual factors. I found out, that all precautions, which are used by the employers in work enviroment of metal casting, are effective. Especially we can talk about the precautions to protection of employee´s health against excessive dust (instalation of air ventilation with strong effect), which caused the exceed of dust concetration in work enviroment of grinding. Finally I can say, that this branch of metal casting has been connecting with certain high-risk factors all the time. Although all the protective precautions has been realized, the health limits given for noise, vibrations passed on hands and dust are still exceed. For this reason it´s very important to regularly inform the workers of high-risk factors, which they could meet in their work enviroment of cast grinding.
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Fast food consumer´s awareness about the health risks and factors leading to preference for this type of meals
BENÝŠKOVÁ, Ivetta
Consumption of fast-food style meals increases the risk of occurrence of health problems that might result in some diseases called lifestyle diseases or diseases of civilization. Frequent fast food consumption and related inadequate eating habits lead to increased morbidity and mortality linked particularly to obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and other health problems even from early age. This thesis analyses the problems of eating at fast food restaurants and stands from the point of view of health, proper nutrition and eating habits. The aim of the thesis is to describe objective health risks resulting from regular fast food consumption. Nutritional components and values of fast food meals and their influence on health were described as well as possible risks of development of some lifestyle diseases. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to map the awareness of health risks resulting from frequent consumption of this kind of food among fast food consumers and the factors that lead them to preference, choice of this kind of nutrition instead of rational nutrition. The research was performed by means of qualitative data collection methods observation of the target group consisting of visitors of fast food restaurants and stands and the method of structured interview with selected fast food consumers. The research was performed with fifteen respondents selected by random selection method. The data collection results were subject to content analysis. The results have shown that Czech fast food consumers are informed on health risks like obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and gastrointestinal problems caused by frequent fast food consumption and they are aware of the negative nutritional aspects of this type of diet, particularly high content of fat, salt and sugar. The research result have also shown that Czech fast food consumers do not prefer fast food to rational nourishment. If they eat fast food, it is because of haste and lack of time and when they feel they have no other possibility. The consumers prefer fast food when they have real appetite or when they are in a foreign town or country. Social factors have also proven to have influence on fast food consumption. Eating at fast food restaurants with friends is particularly popular among teenagers and children, who even go to fast food restaurants to play, celebrate birthdays etc. The observation results have shown that location of fast food operations have no essential influence on attendance, type of consumers and the factors affecting consumption of this kind of food.
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