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Optical Measurement of Electromechanical Characteristics of Heart Cells
Čmiel, Vratislav ; Križanová,, Olga (referee) ; Babula, Petr (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
Dissertation is focused on the application of optical measurement methods using techniques of optical microscopy and fluorescence microscopy in measurements of electromechanical characteristics of isolated cardiac cells and clusters of differentiated cardiomyocytes. The first proposed method uses a practical combination of fluorescence microscopy equipped with fluorescent fast and high-resolution camera and atomic force microscopy for simultaneous measurement of calcium transients and contraction of cardiomyocyte clusters. The signals obtained undergoes filtration, processing and analysis. Result function parameters obtained by analyzing signals after application of caffeine are evaluated by comparison with functional parameters obtained during the control measurement. The second proposed method is applied to the cardiomyocyte clusters for the purpose of cardiomyocyte contraction signals measurement. The signals obtained by optical methods are analyzed and compared with the reference signal obtained using atomic force microscopy. Optical measurement method of cell contractins based on detection of cell ends using adjusting of microscopy images by re-sharpening and fluorescence method for cardiomyocyte contractions measurements were designed to increase realiability in simultaneous measurement of cell contractions simultaneously with calcium transients in isolated cardiomyocytes experiments.
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Software for ECG analysis
Plch, Vít ; Hejč, Jakub (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with design and construction of tool for analysing electrocardiograms. The theoretical part deals with the origin of the action potential, propagation of the action potential through conduction system of the heart, failure of electrical impulse propagation through the con-duction system; different aspects of disorders, which can be found in experimental electrograms recorded from animal isolated hearts (database of electrograms, the Department of Biomedical En-gineering, FEEC, BUT), are also discussed. Software for electrograms draw and annotation available on the DBME, namely EG_Anotation and EG_RR_View, are described. As a result, the design and construct of ECG_ANN, the tool for the electrograms annotation, is proposed with regard to the advantages and disadvantages of mentioned software. At the end of the bachelor thesis there are the guide for ECG_ANN and discussion about problems which appears in design and construct of this tool.
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Simulation of action potentials and membrane currents by solving Hodgkin and Huxley equations
Bugnerová, Pavla ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Chmelíková, Larisa (advisor)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the resting membrane potential and action potential mainly on the cell membrane of cardiac cells. Attention is given to the electrical schematic layout of the cell membrane and distribution of current part on the main components. The basis for the creation of a mathematical model and simulation is the differential equations of Hodgkin and Huxley. To the description them of calcium and potassium channel leakage from other models are added. The project explores the possibilities of reproducing the known development of membrane currents in two basic modes (voltage clamp and current clamp). All in user interface MATLAB GUI.
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Robotic hand control by myopotentials
Jablonská, Dominika ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Bubník, Karel (advisor)
The thesis deals with the measurement of myopotecials and their using in controlling the robotic arm. First, it is theoretically described electromyographic signal, his scanning and subsequent processing. There is also described an arm which it is used here. The next aim of this project is paying attention scanning signal on human hands using Biopac system and signal processing in MATLAB with Robotic Toolbox. Also was created a computer model in the user interface GUI.
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Device for measuring the electrical activity of muscles
Slouka, Petr ; Chmelař, Milan (referee) ; Balogh, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis contains introduction to the basic principles of creation and transmission of action potentials. Afterwards it is outlined development of electromyography which is used for measuring electrical signals from muscles and attributes of electromyographic signal. Next part describes design of the device for measuring electrical activity of muscles. Thesis contains diagrams of the integrated circuit, design of printed circuit board and list of components which are needed for realization of the device.
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Electromyography
Svobodová, Eva ; Bubník, Karel (referee) ; Chmelař, Milan (advisor)
The first part of this bachelor´s thesis is focused to elements of the muscle and nerve structures and spreading of excitation (signal) through them. Second part is concerned to electromyography as an investigative method that is used in medical diagnostics and basic requirements for the electromyography and its components. In this thesis is described examinational techniques motoric and sensitive nerve conduction. There are described requirements of recording, stimulation and also evaluation of constituent elements of signal. The final part is focused on specific laboratory exercises with specific instructions.
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Simulation of electrophysiological experiments
Kubáček, Svatopluk ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Rychtárik, Milan (advisor)
Simulation of electrophysiological experiments enables to gain valuable data about bioelectrical processes occurring on isolated cells. This thesis deals with basic principals allowing the creation of bioelectrical phenomenons and measuring techniques that need to be used in order to collect information about these phenomenons. The outcome of the thesis is a programme that serves as an instrument for simulation of measuring techniques applied on Luo-Rudy model. The programme contains basic measuring techniques – current clamp and voltage clamp – providing the possibility to change basic parameters of the model. The results of this work are later compared with the accessible literature.
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Modeling of calcium dynamics in excitable and non-excitable cells
Tkáč, Jan ; Čmiel, Vratislav (referee) ; Rychtárik, Milan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with electrophysiologic phenomenons on molecular and cellular level. The aim is to provide basic information for better understanding of simple cellular models. This work also discusses principles of calcium dynamic modelling in cells. In Matlab environment the Lou-Rudy model from 1991, Lou-Rudy model from 1994 and the phantom burster model for pancreatic ß-cells are implemented. Using the GUI interface a clear program for simulation electrophysiologic phenomenons is created.
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New Approaches in Cardiac Optical Mapping
Švrček, Martin ; Kizek, René (referee) ; Sovka, Pavel (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
This dissertation deals with new approaches in cardiac optical mapping. The principle of cardiac optical mapping as well as the current research in this field was described. The new measurement system was developed and its characteristics presented. The system design allows epicardial and endocardial mapping, employing new ratiometric techniques in 2D acquisition and simultaneous electrical and optical mapping. The measured characteristics of fluorescent dye di-4-ANEPPSS were presented. The relation between movement and consequent motion artifacts is well described. Several new approaches in signal processing were proposed, including new ratiometry technique and using image registration to suppress motion artifacts. The algorithm for elastic image registration of optical signals and innovative method for verification of registration process were presented. Application of all proposed approaches and its results are included and discussed.
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Transportable ECG monitor
Vepřková, Hana ; Rozman, Jiří (referee) ; Chmelař, Milan (advisor)
The first two chapters are devoted to theoretical analysis of issues relating to portable EKG monitor. This chapters are aimed to further acquaint the reader with the issue for subsequent easier of understanding on further steps in the implementation of the device which will be contain in the following chapters. The first chapter is mainly a medical nature. We describe the anatomy and functional properties of the heart. In the next chapter we are deal with detail of electrocardiograph and the conditions for its proper function. Other chapters are devoted to the actual implementation of the facility. We are dealing with the issue of build functional portable EKG monitor. This practical part begins by fourth chapter, which consists block diagram of the device and discusses the required parameters. Next most extensive chapter is devoted to a detailed breakdown of the electrical circuit, including the calculation of the individual components. The last chapter describes the implementation and outcome measurements on test persons.
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