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Physiotherapy of functional disorders resulting from the prolonged sitting at a computer- focusing on neck pain
RYBECKÁ, Pavla
The topic of this Bachelor thesis looks at the issue of ?Physiotherapy of functional movement disorder originating from sitting in front of a computer for long periods ? aimed at pain in the cervical spine?. Many people with long-term sitting jobs often complain about pain in the cervical spine. The theoretical part focuses especially on ergonomics while sitting and the proper poise or postures of sitting. The second part of the aforesaid theoretical part describes the cervical spine anatomy, as well as causes of the origin of pain in the cervical spine and its symptoms. Finally, the theoretical part introduces various possibilities for therapy dealing with functional movement disorder of the cervical spine. The aim of the thesis is to specify the functional disorder of the limbs movement system, appoint and implement an individual plan and assess the resulting effect of therapy. Qualitative research focused on data collection was used as the main method by using different practices, such as direct anamnesis, input and output medical examination, nursing observation, document analysis, project and execution of a physiotherapeutic schedule. The survey was carried out on 2 men and 1 woman who have jobs which require long-term sitting. Their working tasks require sitting in front of a computer for at least an 8-hour period a day. All three people submitting the given survey suffered from pain in the cervical spine. The kinesiological examination described faulty body poises and related findings on soft tissues of the given testing group. The main problem was also caused by a faulty poise while sitting in front of a computer. The objective of the aforesaid therapy concentrated on releasing the overload of stressed muscle groups and on their integration according to the optimal kinetic formula. Functional movement disorders of the spine are prevented by implementing ergonomics of sitting in front of a computer. The results of the given survey demonstrate that the cervical spine subsided. Furthermore, the practical part of the thesis reveals that the positive effect of the targeted physiotherapy dealing with functional disorder and changes of the stereotype of our postures and poises was considerable. The main problem causing pain was incorrect poise while sitting at the desk. The essential point of therapy was to release the overload of muscle groups and their integration into a new poise. The results of the given survey demonstrate that pain in the cervical spine has been alleviated. Based on the results introduced in the practical part, it may be stated that functional movement disorder can be positively influenced by targeted physiotherapy and changes made in the routine of body movements. The results specified in the submitted thesis shall be used in practice for the needs of other surveys to follow, during lessons or by companies furnishing their offices.
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Relationship of breastfeeding and the incidence of breast CA
HALUZOVÁ, Jaroslava
The object of this study was to find out, what the by breast cancer affected women know about the protective effect of the breast-feeding, how long they were breast-feeding and whether they know the risk factors of the forming of this sickness. The further object was to find out which knowledge the puerperas have about the protective effect of the breast-feeding, how long they plan to breast-feed and when, from who and which information they obtain about the breast-feeding. On the basis of dialogues was found out that the women with breast cancer know very little about the protective effect of the breast-feeding. Most of them never obtained information from anybody, only some of them heard or read about the protective effect of the breast-feeding. The relationship between the breast-feeding and cancer occurrence was approved, as only one of the women breast fed for more than a year. There is a minimal knowledge of women about the risk factors. Generally, they showed three risk factors which means that the knowledge is deficient and that the education in field of precaution is necessary. In the second part of the research it was found out that the education about breast-feeding is insufficient in the maternity hospital. The hospital nurses provide information about the breast-feeding technique and the care about breasts only. The women obtained information about the protective effect of the breast-feeding at the antenatal courses, some of them from web sites or print media. The puerperas plan to breast-feed for 11.5 months on an average which shows a very positive attitude to the breast-feeding of the children.
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Patau syndrome, nature buzz when one chromosome in addition
Zalabáková, Iveta ; Dušková, Soňa (advisor) ; Jüttnerová, Věra (referee) ; Nováková, Jitka (referee)
The thesis deals with congenital defect Patauově syndrome. Notesthe causes of this syndrome, its diagnosis and prevention, the intensity of nursing care, ethics Patuova syndrome and social problems in terms of family and society. Particular attention is paid to health consequences and quality of life of individuals with this syndrome.Focus of this work is quantitative survey (questionnaire method), which is to establish the level of knowledge in the field of birth defects and Patauova syndrome in selected professions, health workers (nurses) who are working on the inpatient pediatric departments of two medical facilities (Thomayer Teaching Hospital Prague and the Regional Hospital Cologne).
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Spiritual needs of clients
Chalupová, Andrea ; Rybářová, Marie (advisor) ; Mellanová, Alena (referee) ; Kutnohorská, Jana (referee)
The work concern about spiritual needs of hospitalized clients, demonstrate importance their satisfying, study presence of nursing diagnosis from spiritual sphere, influence at go through illness and quality live of client. The targets of theoretical part of work: - define name of spiritual, approximate two her dimension; - show difference between spirituality and religion; - describe rule of spiritual didactics; - chart spiritual needs with relation into nursing process; - characterize age category close to examine amount of clients; - pick up the Christian's conception illness and suffering; - offer resources which we have disposal at talking with client; - describe what positively or negative affects quality of client's live. The targets of empirical part of work: - map spiritual needs of clients with connection of illness; - find out changes in hierarchy spiritual neccesary of clients and other needs (before beginning of illness, after specify of diagnosis and during therapy, in terminal stage); - describe and analysis meet/dissatisfy spiritual needs of clients; - find out if age influence of saturation spiritual needs; - catch presence of nursing diagnosis in sphere of spiritual. Final part assess all task, marks out significance of spiritual needs and their monitoring by medical personnel.
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Specifics of nursing care in children with growth disorder
PLCHOVÁ, Aneta
Growth is a process by which the body's height and weight increase, and the body's proportions change. Specific growth factors are critical for foetal development in the womb, and in post-natal life they control heredity, sex, nutrition, health, social abilities and emotional balance of the child as well as hormonal functions. Just as growth disorders can be a failure in growth, they also encompass growth that exceeds normal measurements. Both of these are, under certain conditions, physiological variants of growth; but they are often the first signs of a serious health complication. The growth of the body is evaluated by anthropometrical signs including body weight, body length and after two years of age, body height. It is also possible to evaluate body growth using measurements of the circumference of various parts of the body. Most often used is the circumference of the head which is measured in children up to eighteen months. Body Mass Index (BMI) and the ratio of weight and height is also used in evaluations. A nurse will evaluate the precise height and weight, and in some cases the circumference of the head of the child. The results will be presented on an appropriate percentile chart. All previous measurements must be written on the chart, so that the overall growth and the rate of growth can be established. The nurse should, apart from taking measurements and records, be vigilant and inform the doctor if they feel that the child is not growing uniformly. If the child appears to grow taller or shorter than what was predicted by the percentile chart, further steps are taken via the evaluation of data from anamnesis, psychological state, pubertal development and the appearance of the child. After this the nurse will, at the doctors instruction, take blood and urine samples. The child is then often sent to an endocrinologist who will request further evaluations of bone age and special tests of endocrinal function, whereby the nurse will take blood during stimulation tests. The nurse therefore has a vital role in the evaluation of growth as well as in therapy. Children who present a need for treatment using growth hormones will have the hormones administered by the nurse via injection, and the nurse will later teach the parents and the child how to administer the injection themselves. Throughout the entire process of evaluation and therapy the nurse will observe the child and will address nursing diagnoses with them; the most important of which are the risks of disproportional growth and late growth and development. This Bachelor's thesis entitled Nursing Care of Children with Growth Disorders is a theoretical thesis produced by a method of content analysis of Czech and overseas sources of information. It was necessary to study many expert and specialized books, electronic journals and websites of professional societies. The majority of these expert informations are dedicated to growth disorders from a medical point of view; the job of the nurse in these situations is certainly not in the forefront. That was the foundation for this bachelor's thesis, which will first summarize the theoretical knowledge about growth and its disorders; for without this information this thesis would not be complete. Subsequently, it will cover the role of the nurse in intervention during diagnosis and therapy. A painstaking effort has been made to read into as many expert sources as possible so that an accurate outline distinguishing growth disorders, diagnoses, current indications for treatment and the treatments themselves is created. Furthermore, as much information as possible on the role of nurses through intervention during evaluation of growth and nursing care of children with growth disorders has been compiled.
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Medical Specialist Awareness and Attitude about Organ Donation
Hajšlová, Petra ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Vaňková, Milena (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on finding the awareness and attitudes of nurses towards organ donation. The work is divided into two parts ̶ theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part summarizes available data on the history and development in this field, applicable legislation is mentioned, care for organ donors and overview of the current situation of organ donation, along with current trends. Empirical part took the form of quantitative research, which was conducted by anonymous questionnaires. The aim was to determine nurses' awareness about organ donation organization, determine their orientation in the field of diagnosis of brain death, to map the contemporary practice in the care of a dead donor organs and detect personal attitude on the issue of donation. Respondents were nurses that during their practice on the wards encounter this issue. Questionnaires were distributed on anesthesiology and resuscitation department of Central Military Hospital ̶ Military University Hospital in Prague, then to the operating room and intensive inpatient department of intensive and resuscitation care at the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Investigation was attended by 96 nurses. In results, we found that the principle of presumed consent to organ donation in the Czech Republic is...
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Injury prevention related to falls of the residents of Home for the elderly.
SOUKUPOVÁ, Hana
The diploma thesis is structured into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part consists of four chapters. The empirical part of the diploma thesis is based on qualitative research. The data were collected via semi-structured interviews with the senior citizens and the nurses. The replies were processed into clearly arranged charts and categories with brief descriptions. Another research method applied was observation. The interviews were followed by a detailed analysis of the documentation, which involved the analysis of the medical records of the senior citizens with a focus on medical diagnosis, chronic medication, and processing of the fall risk and its evaluation. The diploma thesis pursued three objectives by means of four related research questions. The first objective was to ascertain the extent of the clients' awareness of fall risks. The second objective was to assess the discomfort associated with usage of the special device preventing hip joint injuries resulting from falls during common everyday activities of the senior citizens. Finally, the third objective was to obtain the opinions of the healthcare staff on working with clients wearing special devices preventing the hip joint injuries. Four research questions were formulated in connection with these three objectives. Research question No. 1: What is the quality of information provided by the healthcare staff as part of the preventive intervention regarding the falls? Research question No. 2: How willing are the clients to accept changes contributing to fall prevention? Research question No. 3: To what extent is the comfort of the client affected by using special devices preventing fall-related hip joint injuries? Research question No. 4: To what extent is the work of the healthcare staff affected if their clients use devices preventing fall-related hip joint injuries? The results of the qualitative research suggest that the extent of information provided by the healthcare staff as part of the preventive intervention regarding the falls is insufficient in terms of awareness of the risky places. In particular, the research revealed that the nurses fail to sufficiently monitor the effects of chronic medication which may contribute to psycho-motor inhibition of the senior clients. As far as mobility aids are concerned, the nurses offer these devices sufficiently. The nurses demonstrated very good knowledge of all the mobility aids which may facilitate self-reliance of the senior clients. Another problematic issue is the safety of the rooms, particularly in terms of various protrusions and unevenness in the bathrooms. The results of the research do not show any unwillingness of the clients to accept changes contributing to fall prevention. Nevertheless, two of the respondents failed to engage in the activities and maintain physical fitness by regular exercise in the Retirement House. Furthermore, the results do not show any limitation of the clients' comfort resulting from using special devices preventing fall-related hip joint injuries. Finally, according to the research the healthcare staff does not feel restricted in any way when working with senior clients using such device. The results of the research will be used for repeated meetings with the senior clients and particularly with the nurses. The management of the Retirement House, together with the healthcare staff, are working on a new educational material which would indicate risky places with increased probability of falls. These results could be beneficial also for other facilities where healthcare staff takes care of senior citizens. Last but not least, the results are of interest also to the health insurance companies which could provide this special device with at least partial subsidy as part of the primary prevention programme.
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Public participation in preventive examinations
Kroužilová, Monika ; Svobodová, Dita (advisor) ; Konštacký, Stanislav (referee) ; Skála, Bohumil (referee)
Author: Kroužilová Monika Institution: Institute of Social Medicine LF UK in Hradec Králové, Departement of Nursing Title of work: Public participation in preventive examinations Supervisor: Mgr. Svobodová Dita Number of pages: 92 Number of attachments: 2 Year of the defence: 2011 Keywords: Health, Lifestyle, Preventive examinations, Cancer prevention, Screening Bachelor's thesis is about participation of public on preventive medical examinations and trying to map knowledge and concerns of public about given theme. Theoretical part is divided to three chapters. In first chapter is author describing used nomenclature, health determinants, impact of lifestyle. In second chapter is analyzed status of preventive examinations in medical care, third chapter is aimed for oncology prevention. Practical part represents quantitative research, for which method of questionnaires was used. Examined sample contains 30 women and 30 mens. Gathered informations are presented using graphical illustrations, sometimes including graphs by demographical values. Goal of thesis was to find out, how well is public informed about preventive examination options and if is public interested in them at all.
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