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The preparation and use of recreational and sports horses
KOČANDRLOVÁ, Barbora
The bachelor´s thesis deals with the preparation and use of recreational and sports horses. The recreational horses are mainly used for entertainment, riding or leisure (hobby) competitions whereas sports horses (show jumping horses, dressage horses) are used primarily for a certain discipline in which they compete. In the practical part of the thesis, occupational and leisure activities show jumping horses, dressage horses and recreational horses are mentioned. The subject of my observation was the riding regime, that took place between May and August. The activities that the horses were engaged in were evaluated on the basis of the percentage distribution of each work: fieldwork, the riding area, jumping, work on the lunge, work from the ground, competitions and relaxation time of horses. In the detailed analysis, we can see how many hours the horses spent in the given activity through the period of four months. It was found that the fieldwork was the most common physical activity of recreational horses (11 days/horse/month). The most common activity the sports horses were engaged in was work in the riding area (show jumping 7.8 days/horse/month, dressage 7.9 days/horse/month). All groups of horses spent the least amount of time on working from the ground (recreational 0.1 days/horse/month, show jumping 0.3 days/horse/month, dressage 0.1 days/horse/month).
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Hygiene habits of children of primary school age
DUNOVSKÁ, Klára
This thesis focuses on the physical and mental hygiene habits of younger school children. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with physical activity, effects of hypokinesia and mental hygiene specificity of this age group in the context of physical and psychosocial. The research evaluates the results of data from pedometers and the results of the survey, to which were used questionnaires "Time Picture of the Day"(Mužík, Bártová, 2010) and a questionnaire of daily regimen (Řehulka, 1987). This is a quantitative research. There were processed 104 questionnaires that were filled by children from 4th and 5th grades at selected elementary schools in Strakonice. The results show the differences in the amount of physical activity on school and weekend days, total amount of physical activity is satisfactory and further show the connection between a length of sleep and fatigability during the day.
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Monitoring of ethological expressions of animals for the purpose of developing sensors assessing various animal movements
KINDLOVÁ, Jana
Breed of beef cattle belongs to one of the most important branches of live-stock production in the Czech Republic. These farm animals are mainly used to produce milk and meat. Since 1989 numbers of beef cattle have strongly declined, this transparent decrease now marking more than a 2 million difference from the early 1990s. The main aim of this thesis is to gather basic information, details and primarily formulate knowledge about the behaviour of dairy cows and their physiological reactions in relation to the process of milking and the consequent response regarding the water requirement and kinetic activities (e.g. the need to relax). The research described in this thesis was conducted in DZV Nova a. s. enterprise, Petrovice, which cultivates an area of nearly 5000 hectares and has 640 dairy cows of Holstein breed in its possession. Vital meter is a device in a sealed box, which hangs on a dairy cow?s neck while registering a certain amount of movements throughout a specific time, one hour in our case. Each hour is divided into two hundred and forty fifteen-second sections. Any movement during this section is therefore registered in a computer through this device?s receiving antenna. A total number of 6 gravid cows of Holstein breed, in a good health condition, with an average daily milk yield between 25 ? 35 litres, was selected for our ethological observation. All these dairy cows had a vital meter placed on their necks, which measured the aforementioned amount of movements an hour. The actual observation took place between the 27th and 28th of October and between the 4th and 6th of December 2012. First, the dairy cows were observed throughout the entire 24-hour period (November 27th, 28th) and then twice in 12-hour periods (December 4th, 6th). The overall time of observation equalled to 48 hours. Temperature conditions ranged from -3 degrees of Celsius to +5 degrees. The animals were gathered and therefore milked in a milking parlour three times a day roughly between 12 ? 13, 20 ? 21 and 3:45 ? 4:30. From the computer records we found out that the vital metres successfully registered all these movements and as a result verified the functionality of these devices and their possible usage as the means of observation of cows? kinetic activities. The outcomes of the dairy cows? observation and the data from vital metres also imply that even if the vital metres correctly registered increased kinetic activity representing a real rise in cows? mobility, they fail to display the particular acts of lying and getting up as well as jumps. After calculating an average from individual daily activities of a dairy cow, these results can be concluded: During a 24-hour period one dairy cow spends three and three quarters of an hour feeding itself, drinks seven times, excretes eleven times, urinates 5 ? 6 times. It places itself at rest nine times and the measured time spent lying accounts for an average of 11 hours and 39 minutes. The process of rumination is connected with lying or standing and lasts for 6 hours and 41 minutes a day. As for the kinetic activity, the average distance walked by one cow amounts 478, 6 metres. There is only one phenomenon contradicting the literary articles/literature ? the process of feeding, which is significantly (75 minutes) shorter and consequently leads to dairy cows producing less urine than they ought to, yet they have more kinetic activities and mobility. As mentioned, a dairy cow walks almost 480 metres a day, while literary sources state less (200 ? 300 metres).
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Expressing amount without using natural numbers
Štolcová, Martina ; Kaslová, Michaela (advisor) ; Pěchoučková, Šárka (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on observing heterogeneous group of pre-school children in different situations, which were chosen before. The aim of this observation is to note all forms of expressing quantity and figure during spontaneious activities which weren't interrupted by adults. My thesis brings typology (characteristic) of expressing quantity in this age group.
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The importance of probiotics and prebiotics in diseases of childhood
JERKOVIČOVÁ, Diana
The major goal of this thesis was to explore and summarize the issue of the importance of prebiotics and probiotics in the prevention and treatment of disease in childhood in the form of theoretical work using a variety of literary sources, both Czech and foreign. The most important prerequisite for proper physical growth, health and psychosocial development of the child is good nutrition. The simplest and most natural way of feeding babies is breast-feeding. Breast milk is absolutely perfect composition, optimum temperature and protects infants against various infections and allergies. The colonization of the intestinal microflora, which affects among other things, our immune and digestive system, begins to occur during childbirth (vaginal and fecal microflora from its mother), and from breast milk or the environment. The settlement is delayed if the child was born by Caesarean section. If infants are only breastfed their intestinal microflora is composed of 90% of healthy bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Probiotics are referred as living organisms (bacteria and yeasts) which have shown positive influence on the health of the host when administered in adequate amounts. Probiotics in pediatric practice has tripled over the last ten years. The most used are bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and / or activity of certain strains of intestinal microflora. The first area of concern of the effect of prebiotics and probiotics in the prevention and treatment of various diseases in children were atopic disease whose prevalence in recent decades, greatly affects the whole society. In case of atopic dermatitis and food allergies there are number of optimistic studies that demonstrate the positive effect of combination of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics), on the other hand, there are studies on this issue which are rather skeptical and do not confirm this positive effect. Convincing results come from the area of diarrhoea. Regarding acute diarrhoea that are in children caused mainly by rotavirus, was observed clearly positive effects of probiotics, which occur to shorten the duration of rotavirus diarrhea to about 40 hours, or to reduce the number of stools and the duration of diarrhea by approximately one day, and especially where there has been the early administration. Similarly, in a majority of cases the positive impact of the use of probiotics for diarrhoea associated with antibiotic treatment, especially during simultaneous use. Regarding inflammatory bowel diseases, favorable results are achieved in particular in the case of ulcerative colitis, which is the use of a positive effect of probiotics in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate inflammatory activity comparable to drug treatment, but in Crohn's disease, a positive influence is entirely clear. Positive results also come in necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates. However, these results are difficult to interpret because studies. Very similar results in the effects of probiotics and prebiotics are in the prevention of nosocomial sepsis in preterm infants. Although showing some positive effects, particularly in infants with very low birth weight, there was a positive effect of probiotics or prebiotics in different studies fully demonstrated and it would be desirable to assess the safety and effectiveness of future research. It would be necessary to examine which specific types of probiotics should be used and in what dosage. In general, therefore, could be said that despite all the optimistic results of a positive effect of probiotics and prebiotics in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, there is the need for further research, that this positive effect is confirmed or refuted.
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With mental disabilities in institutional Sexual problems of clients facilities
PATEROVÁ, Michaela
Sexuality of persons with mental disability has represented a social taboo until recent times. Issues related to this topic attracted my attention so much, that I decided to obtain further information through my bachelor thesis. Bachelor thesis contains theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part contains three chapters. In the first chapter, I explore mental disabilities. In this chapter, I also focused on etiology and causes of mental disability. In the next chapter, I focused on dealing with the term the individual with mental retardation. The term disability is described there, and it is understood as a term covering the area of functional disorders, activities and participations of specific individual. In the next section I introduce sexual issues of persons with mental disability. First topic is the education and awareness for persons with mental disabilities. In addition, I dealt with sexual abuse of persons with mental disability. Sexuality is closely linked with partner relationships, which I also mention in my thesis. In conclusion of the theoretical part I dealt with parenthood and possibilities of protection against conception. The practical part of the bachelor thesis consists of the data collection while using qualitative research techniques with the method of unstandardized in-depth interviews. The basic complex was created by parameters of the enshrined theory, when not all parameters were used according to its comprehensiveness. I set the basic research complex according to positions of the staff of the Social Service Center in Jindřichův Hradec. Two research questions were raised. Whether the staff perceives sexual life of persons with mental disability as suitable and whether the information of the professional staff about sexual life of persons with mental disability are sufficient. On the basis of the research it was found that the professional staff has sufficient amount of information, but the sexual education and training in the institution does not take place at all. Interviews showed that employees do not feel being sufficiently competent in matters of sexual education and awareness. The interviews further revealed that the employees agree with partnerships of persons with mental disability. From the interviews it was also found that they agree with the use of contraception in case that the client starts living sexual life with her partner. In addition, I found out that the majority of respondents rather do not agree with the parenthood of persons with mental disability. Regarding the issue of sexual abuse of persons with mental disability, I found out during the interview that this problem was once solved in the institution. Employees aware that these people are an easy victim, but at the same time they do not undertake any prevention in the form of sexual education. These findings show that it would be appropriate to encourage establishing the protocol, in which there would be enshrined sexual issues of users of social services provided by this institution. The protocol could also serve to the purpose of prevention of sexual abuse. Professional training focused on communication between the staff and the user in the field of sexual education would be also appropriate.
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Leisure time activities of elderly people and their influence on depression
Šnajdrová, Kateřina ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Krahulcová, Beáta (referee)
The scope of this thesis are leisure-time activities of the elderly people and the amount of depression in the elderly people, who spend their time on leisure-time courses. The thesis contains a survey of the current knowledge regarding the elderly people and ageing. At this point, it is focused on the changes, which are closely tied to growing old, on adaptation to these changes, and it brings a survey of programs and organizations oriented at this phenomena. The third part of the thesis states the general aspects of depression, and then discusses the differences imposed by the old age. The fourth part is devoted to the research conducted in two of the leisure-time centers in Prague. The goal of the research was to map the group of elderly people, who attend the courses in these centers, and to find out, whether there is a relation between the depression and the leisure-time activities.
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Financing of tschechoslovak army and its setup for possible military conflict
Bujna, Rudolf ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Soběhart, Radek (referee)
After the formation of Czechoslovakia, which was not completely agreed upon by neighboring states, the primary need was to establish a strong army capable of protecting the nation from the attacks from abroad. The creation of the army required lots of diplomatic activity as well as resources, because after World War I, the only units ready for fight were the militia and groups of legionaries, who in addition were not uniformly armed. During the first eight years, the funding of the army consisted mainly of budget allowances. After 1927's reform it was also a fund newly created to allow a long term planning. During the years of thread, the funding by a debt was introduced, due to increase in costs in defenses against the German expansion. In response to this, the amount of Czechoslovakian engagements significantly rose. Finally, the question of readiness to fight and defense in conflict with German aggression arises.
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Movement Activities for Children in a Nursery School in Pardubice
Rutková, Božena ; Hájek, Jeroným (advisor) ; Polášková, Jitka (referee)
The aim of may research work to learn if the amount of physical and sport activities and possibilities for the children in our kindergardens in Pardubice are saticfactory. The work was also focusing on meanings of the parens regarding the teachers' professionality and ability to teach their children physical activities, and if parents prefer to use external sport specialists to cover sport-activities in our kindergardens. The result of my research work proves that children who are taught in Pardubice kindergardens have enough physical and sport activities, teachers are real professionals and external sport specialists would not be acceptable to suply pedagogical job in our kindergardens. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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