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Morphology, chemical and toxicological characterisation of road dust and particulate matter including sources apportionment: Final report - summary
Adamec, Vladimír ; Huzlík, Jiří ; Ličbinský, Roman ; Effenberger, Karel ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Večeřa, Zbyněk ; Dočekal, Bohumil ; Vojtěšek, Martin
Project brought new scientific results in the field of chemical composition, physical and toxicological characterization of street dust and particulate matter. Chemical analyses and statistical methods including receptor modelling result in identification their sources.
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Relation between plants and atmosphere in the current education of Science on the second stage of basic schools
ČEKAL, Tomáš
This bachelor thesis focuses on the relation between plants and atmosphere in the current education of Science on the second stage of basic schools. The thesis is divided into two main parts, a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical part analyses an issue of three spheres which are furthermore observed in this bachelor thesis, namely: 1 Plants in relation to carbon cycle, 2 Influence of the atmosphere on plants, 3 Significance of plants for the atmosphere. The practical part consists of monitoring of the presence of separate spheres in the basic school textbooks (with the help of charts) and analysis of the 9th grade basic school pupils' knowledge in these spheres carried into effect based on the didactic test. The monitoring is worked up in the form of diagrams.
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Analysis of legal instrument s of self-governments used in air protection
Vévoda, Jan ; Vojáček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Jílková, Jiřina (referee)
Air pollution from point sources is a serious problem that is mainly solved centrally and with use of public tools. The goal of this thesis is to find out whether in respect of the local and regional context of air pollution this problem can be solved by local self-governments and whether they may adopt the doctrine of free market environmentalism to protect the air with the use of private law as a subject of ownership. For this purpose, relevant instruments are analyzed, such as a nuisance action, an obligation of prevention and a liability for damages. The city of Ostrava even brought an action against the state, however, possibilities of its success are small. It was found that local self-governments could use these instruments to protect the air, but practical problems demotivate them.
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Analysis of the costs of avoiding CO2 emissions under the Grant Green Investment Scheme
Priesolová, Martina ; Vojáček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šedivý, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the cost to prevent CO2 emissions in the Green Investment Scheme. The research grant program, funded through the sale of surplus emission of bills under the Kyoto Protocol, is briefly framed in the overall context of climate policy (funding sources, AAU units, rules of emission trading, etc.). The thesis analysis the specific projects and then comparing the results obtained with the assumption of the Ministry of Environment on the possible development of the program. The thesis deals with the reduciton of CO2 emissions over the life of action based on available data. The analysis seeks to quantify of the average cost of one ton reduction of CO2 emissions.
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Regular variations of air pollution on selected stations during 2003-2006
Střeštík, Jaroslav
In the last decades many effort has been devoted to the investigation of the influence of different meteorological parameters on the morbidity, mortality and other effects in the biosphere. The air pollution has been taken into account in less extent. In this paper we attempt to give a review, which observed data concerning the air pollution are available and which regularities can be met.
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Fyzikální modelování změn difúze znečišťujících látek v oblasti křižovatky v závislosti na směru nabíhajícího proudění
Kukačka, Libor ; Jurčáková, Klára ; Kellnerová, Radka ; Jaňour, Zbyněk
The objective of this study is physical modelling of emissions from vehicle exhausts in street canyons within an urban area and the influence of the approach flow direction on contaminant spreading. The requirements of the similarity of the atmospheric boundary layer and a boundary layer in the wind tunnel are satisfied. For several flow directions mean velocity and concentration fields are measured within street canyon intersection inside symmetrical urban built-up area. Scalar fluxes are computed from measured data to quantify pollutant spreading. Results of the experiment show a significant sensitivity of the mean velocity field on the approach flow direction. The approach flow extensively influence contaminant spreading within the built-up area and therefore intensity of street canyons ventilation vary with the approach flow direction. The approximate flow direction with the most favourable dispersion conditions in the studied area is found out.
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Traffic Contribution to the Local Air Pollution
Smolík, Jiří ; Bízek, V. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Džumbová, Lucie ; Mašková, Ludmila
Particles emitted from the road transport represent one of the major aerosol source in the city environment. Due to the fact that increased aerosol concentrations are connected with higher morbidity and mortality, it is necessary to characterize and quantify these emissions in order to evaluate their effect on human health and environment. Road transport emissions include direct particle emissions from exhausts from attrition of brake lining, tires and roads and resuspended particles and indirect emissions in the form of secondary particles produced by chemical reactions of gaseous emissions.
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Modelování úniku a disperze nebezpečného plynu
Jaňour, Zbyněk ; Bezpalcová, Klára ; Erhart, Jakub ; Kellnerová, Radka ; Šeděnková, Hana
Liquefied industrial gases and liquefied energy gases are transported, stored and used in steadily increasing amounts.Since the vapours of many of these chemicals are either toxic or flammable or both, there is heightened concern amongst public and regulatory bodies on potential hazards in a case of accidental releases. The objective of this contribution is to present the concept and result of a wind tunnel study of the dispersion of pollution clouds in a atmospheric boundary layer. Scaling laws, which have to be fulfilled in order to ensure model/prototype similitary, have been developed. Examples of the method application have been demonstrated.
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