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Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of osteosynthesis of the periprosthetic fracture of the left femur in the terrain of the osteopetrosis after total hip arthroplasty of the left coxa
Staňkovská, Gabriela ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Šilhavá, Sylva (referee)
9 Abstract Title: Case Study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with the diagnosis of periprostetic fracture osteosynthesis of a left femur in the osteopetrotic ground after left coxa total hip arthroplasty Objectives: The objective of this thesis was to study the literature concerning the topic, elaborate a case study of a concrete patient and verify my capacities while working with a patient. Methods: The general part has the form of a literature search and it presents the knowledge concerning the patient's diagnose. The special part consists of the case study of the patient elaborated during a continuous professional training supervised by an experienced physiotherapist. While working with the patient, several methods were used: the examination by aspection, the examination of soft tissue and of joint play, the measure of the lower extremities, the goniometry, the measure of the muscle power, of the shortened muscles, the neurological examination, the motor stereotype examination and the test of activities of daily living. Furthermore, therapeutic methods were used to deal with the examined pathology. Results: The thesis offers a theoretical insight to the problematic of osteopetrosis and osteosynthesis of fractures, which is accompanied by a case study of a concrete patient. As the Czech resources...
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Physiotherapeutic possibilities of functional involment on shoulder joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Zmeškalová, Petra ; Koudelková, Irena (advisor) ; Dyrhonová, Olga (referee)
This thesis Physiotherapeutic possibilities of functional involvement on shoulder joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis contains characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, clinical picture, epidemiology and diferential diagnosis of shoulder joint. Theoretical part includes diagnosis, examination a physiotherapy of shoulder joint. Experimental part includes statistical treatment of physiotherapetic examination. The aim of this thesis was resume the knowledge about shoulder joint questions and in experimental part complete the statistical results related range of movement, muscle strenght and the others functional disorders. This thesis also contains the questionnaire of health condition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Automatic Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Signals
Kubičková, Alena ; Halámek, Josef (referee) ; Lhotská, Lenka (referee) ; Kozumplík, Jiří (advisor)
This dissertation thesis is dedicated to the heart rate variability and methods of its evaluation. It mainly focuses on nonlinear methods and especially on the Poincaré plot. First it deals with the principle and nature of the heart rate variability, then the ways of its representation, linear and also nonlinear methods of its analysis and physiological and pathophysiological influence on heart rate variability changes. In particular, there is emphasis on the metabolic syndrome. In the next section of the thesis there are compared and evaluated different ways of representation of the heart rate variability and further are tested selected methods of heart rate variability analysis on unique data from patients with the metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects provided by the Institute of Scientific Instruments, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic. In particular, they are used the Poincaré plot and its parameters SD1 and SD2, commonly used time domain and frequency domain parameters, parameters evaluating signal entropy and the Lyapunov exponent. SD1 and SD2 combining the advantages of time and frequency domain methods of heart rate variability analysis distinguish successfully between patients with the metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects.
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The impact of neuoropretection on brain metabolism and cognitive function during carotid endarterectomy
Mraček, Jan ; Choc, Milan (advisor) ; Chytra, Ivan (referee) ; Náhlovský, Jiří (referee)
The impact of neuroprotection on brain metabolism and cognitive function during carotid endarterectomy Introduction: Neuroprotection is a strategy that works against the biochemical and molecular manifestations that lead to ischemic brain injury. The aim of neuroprotection is to protect the hypoperfused brain region through influence upon ischemic cascade and by reducing the progress of injurious reperfusion. The development of neuroprotection has been proceeding alongside a growing understanding of brain ischemia pathophysiology. In spite of the demonstrable effects of many agents in animal models, until now none of the tested neuroprotective agents have been shown to improve the outcome in a phase III clinical trial. Objectives: Primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of neuroprotection, administered before carotid endarterectomy, on brain metabolism and cognitive function. The potential influence of metabolic changes within the brain on clinical outcome was assessed. The secondary objective was to assess the satisfaction of patients with the type of anesthesia administered (general or local) and to consider the preference for general or local anesthesia during similar operations in the future. Methods: A total of 35 patients underwent carotid endarterectomy with prophylactic combine...
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Evacuation of a Large Hospital
ŽÁČEK, Radovan
Act no. 328/2001 of the Collection of Laws defines that, apart from others, evacuation must be planned for handling emergency situations that require an alarm of the third or spe-cial degree to be raised. Successful evacuation requires an evacuation plan be made as part of crisis preparedness plans and this project could become a template for preparing evacuation plans for emergency situations at Fakultní nemocnice (a teaching hospital) in Motol, Prague. The teaching hospital in Motol is one of the largest hospitals in central Europe. It has 2,500 beds at its disposal, 350 of which are with intensive care. The hospital has large prem-ises the heart of which consists of two monoblocks, one for children patients and the other for adult ones. The other buildings in the hospital house its technical and administrative facilities or some special departments. The set of persons in question includes all the people in danger on the premises at the time of raised evacuation. It means hospitalized patients, outpatient ones, employees, students and teachers of the 2. Lékařská fakulta UK (the Medical Faculty of Charles University) and visitors. The objective of this work is to create model templates for evacuation plans for se-lected wards as well as larger departments, including the entire hospital complex. The other objective is to verify, or refute, the hypothesis that evacuation, partial or complete, of a large hospital can be finished within 12 hours. The methodology was based on detailed data collection about each ward and bed de-partments (location, number of beds, number of staff at various time of the day etc). Another source of information was a detailed survey of the entire premises focused at finding potential evacuation routes inside as well as outside the buildings, capacity of corridors, stairways, lifts, and other important information related to evacuation. The results of the project are presented in the form of ten model evacuation plans for various individual parts as well as whole units of the hospital: 1. Evacuation of one ward of the children{\crq}s monoblock, 2. Evacuation of one wing of the children{\crq}s monoblock, 3. Entire evacuation of the children{\crq}s monoblock, 4. Evacuation of one ward of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 5. Evacuation of one floor in one communication node of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 6. Evacua-tion of one entire communication node of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 7. Entire evacuation of the adult{\crq}s monoblock, 8. Evacuation of the other hospital facilities, 9. Evacuation of another pa-vilion, 10. Entire evacuation of the whole hospital. The final results show that it is not possible to have one universal evacuation plan that would include all potential situations but several plans for particular kinds of exposure and sizes of departments in danger. The hypothesis was verified for variants 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 8. and 9. but it was not verified for variants 7. and 10. Evacuation of the entire adult{\crq}s mon-oblock and evacuation of the whole hospital cannot be finished within 12 hours after alert.
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Osteoarthrosis large joints of legs in context of physiotherapy
KAŇKOVSKÁ, Martina
My Bachelor thesis' name is Ostheo-arthrosis large joints of legs in context of physiotherapy. I particularly dealt with problems of the origin, treatment and prevention of an ostheo-arthrosis. The first theoretical part contains theoretical basis which are associated with this illness. The main chapters are focused on an anatomic part, the definition of the terms gonarthrosis and coxarthrosis, causes, diagnose, treatment and prevention. The practical part includes two casuistries of patients after the operation of a total hinge substitute. The aim of the theoretical part was to inform about problems of ostheo-arthrosis and its prevention and confirmation of the physiotherapy influence during the follow-up development of the hinge functionality after the operation. The aim of the practical part was to find out on the basis of the casuistries if the physiotherapy treatment could help with improvement of a hinge moveabillity. The method of a qualitative research was used for the practical part. The research was made in the Hospital Jihlava at the sick-bed orthopaedic detachment. The tested set includes two cases of patients with diagnoses gonarthrosis and coxarthrosis. These diagnoses were made out by the attending physician of the patients. The results are processed in forms of casuistries. There was a real improvement in operated hinge moveability by both of the patients. My thesis could be useful as a theoretical basis for students of medical branches of universities. It could be useful for physiotherapists, as well. It could be an inspiration as a suggestion of rehabilitating plan for patients of these diagnoses.
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Allooimmunosensitization in left ventricular assist device recipients and impact on post-transplantation outcome
Urban, Marián ; Netuka, Ivan (advisor) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee) ; Mrázek, František (referee)
Background: In recent years mechanical circulatory assist devices became an established option in bridging patients with refractory heart failure to heart transplantation. One of the alleged limitations of mechanical devices is a high degree of antibody production with possible deleterious effect on subsequent heart transplantation outcome. Aim: The main goal of this study is to assess the role of antibodies on the outcome of surgical treatment of patients with end- stage heart failure. Method: Firstly, we present a literature review on the current state of knowledge of possible immunologic mechanisms involved in antibody production in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients, new methods of antibody detection, desensitization strategies and overview of published evidence assessing the impact of sensitization on post-transplantation outcome. In the experimental part of our study we prospectively evaluated the presence of anti-Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) antibodies in 83 Heart Mate II (HMII) recipients who were implanted at our institution between 2008 and 2012 and survived the first 60 days. On-device survival and device malfunction, major infection, major bleeding and neurologic dysfunction were compared between antibody positive and antibody negative recipients. Out of a total...
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The hyperactive urinary bladder in female patients with multiple sclerosis as seen by a physiotherapist
Havlíčková, Michaela ; Meluzínová, Eva (advisor) ; Rejchrt, Michal (referee)
The aim of the thesis " A Physiotherapist's View of Overactive Bladder function in Multiple Sclerosis Patients" and the influence of physiotherapy on the symptoms of the overactive bladder. This thesis deals with exert influence on symptoms of an overactive bladder by physiotherapy. Therapy is based on the fact that guarding reflexes that maintains continence at the level of spine and subcortical (micturition centre in pons) are activated by the contraction of the pelvic floor muscles. Physiotherapy contains pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback, behavioral training and training of stabilizing function of pelvic floor muscles. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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