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Difference of income and expenditure of social security in the regions of the Czech Republic
Schwarzová, Anna ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor) ; Gajdošová, Eva (referee)
Social security is in the Czech Republic the main instrument of social policy. It serves to improve the social situation of the population. It works as a support socially disadvantaged individuals in the form of social benefits. On the other hand, the state introduced a social insurance system, which consists of health and pension insurance and the contribution to the state employment policy, which are collectively referred to as social security premiums. The social insurance system is partly used for financing state social benefits. This work is based on analysis of social security, social benefits analysis, subsequent comparison and finding out a relationship or dependency between these systems. Systems are closely connected, one could not exist without the other.
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Care allowance and its usage in providing social services
BALAŽOVIČOVÁ, Nina
The topic of this thesis is a care allowance in the region of České Budejovice. The care allowance is a benefit introduced by Law No. 108/2006 Coll., Social Services, as amended with effect from 1st January 2007. Care allowance under the Act should be used to provide the necessary care to persons who are dependent on other´s assistance. It is paid in four stages according to the degree of dependence. This is a brand new benefit, novelty is its concept, which strengthens the position of active users of social services. The care allowance is designed as a subsidy at which users can purchase such social services they voluntarily choose. Since its introduction, the care allowance faced some problems - growing number of users, leading to the growth of benefits paid, which, however, compared to the original plan does not go back into the system. This is so because users mainly in the first instance elects family or other relatives as care providers, or consider care allowance for additional house hold income and does not cover social services. The theoretical part is focused on the notion of social services, their history and development. Another section is devoted to the current law on social services. .The last section of the theoretical part deals with the care allowance explanation, its function and describe the procedure of its gaining. The aim is to find out the actual use of the allowance and user satisfaction with its amount especially after the reduction from 2011. The research used quantitative methods - Secondary data analysis and questionnaire survey, which was carried out on a representative sample of users of the care allowance in the municipality České Budejovice. Basic file for secondary data analysis and questionnaire survey were the beneficiaries of care allowance in České Budejovice. According to the Municipality of České Budejovice it was in 2011, when the research was conducted, about 4400 people. The target file for the survey is therefore 330 people. In total 340 questionnaires were answered in this research. A questionnaire survey was conducted among users in the form of open and closed questions. The questionnaire contains a total of 10 questions, 8 are closed, one question is open and one question is closed with possibility of additional response. At the beginning of the questionnaire, respondents were informed about its focus and subsequent use of this information. The aim is to find out how recipients with care allowance actually use it and their satisfaction with it specially in the first stage of the reduction since 2011. I identified the following objectives and hypotheses: Objective I.: To determine how recipients treated care allowances. Objective II.: To find out how the recipients evaluate the amount of the care allowance. Hypothesis I.: Recipients of the care allowance in I. and II. degree prefer family care. Hypothesis II.: Recipients of the care allowance in the first instance are dissatisfied with the amount. Hypotheses were based on the results of preliminary research. Hypothesis I.: It was confirmed that recipients of the care allowance in I. and II. degree prefer family care, the research showed that the users of care allowance in I. and II. level prefer caregiving family or other non-registered individual in more than 60 percents Also the hypothesis II.: It was confirmed that recipients of the care allowance in the first level are dissatisfied with the amount. The results show that although it is not a rule with increasing level of the care allowance increases also user satisfaction with its amount, there is more than 60% of dissatisfied users among users of first instance of the care.
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Further Education in Social Services
ŘEHÁKOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor's thesis deals with further education in social services. The theoretical part describes social work, its types, forms and it explains the concept of quality in social services in relation to the standards of social services. It also includes a sub-chapter that deals with the financing of social services. The concept of continuing education in social services is mentioned in the theoretical part as well as a professional development and also there is a sub-chapter that explains the accreditation of educational institutions and accreditation of educational programs. The aim of the study was to determine the most commonly used forms of further education applied in social services as well as the most beneficial forms of continuing education for social workers and social service workers and a dependence of funding of various forms of continuing education by providers of social services. The results, obtained from a mixed research for mapping this issue more broadly, are described in the practical part. At first a qualitative research was realized by using semi-structured interview with senior staff in selected social service facilities. In order to process the issue more broadly a quantitative research survey was carried out and was based on email answers from executives of facilities listed in the registry of social service providers from across the country. The results from the mixed research provided not only answers to the research questions but also contributed to meeting the determined targets. The thesis should serve the increase of the awareness in the field of further education of social workers and workers in social services and also could possibly serve as a base for further research.
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Lifestyle nurses from selected social determinants of health (in the diet, physical activity, stress managament,addictions)
MAŠKOVÁ, Nikola
Healthy lifestyle is one of the most important factors the quality of our health depends on. Lifestyle means our eating habits, exercise regimen, the way we face stress, and the amount of toxic substances, alcohol, cigarettes or drugs we voluntarily take in. The main aim of the research was to survey the lifestyle of nurses according to selected social health determinants with the focus on alimentation, sport activities, stress management and addictive drug abuse. In accordance with the research subject the following objectives were established. The first objective was to determine the nutritional intake of nurses. The second objective was to find out the frequency of addictive substances use. The third goal was to assess symptoms of depression in nurses. The fourth goal was to map the level of physical activity in nurses. Based on these goals nine hypotheses were established. H1 Nurses´ energy intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H2 Nurses lipid intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H3 Nurses´ carbohydrate intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. Nurses´ fibre intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H5 Nurses comply with the advisable fluid intake according to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H6 Nurses´ alcohol consumption is moderate (0-10 units of alcohol per week). H7 Nurses are moderate smokers, smoking 1-9 cigarettes a day. H8 Nurses show depression symptoms in the depression screening carried out with the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. H9 Physical activity of nurses is sufficient. The quantitative survey was conducted by interviewing, using the questionnaire technique. The research respondents were nurses in the Strakonice Hospital, a.s. Nutritional intake was assessed using the NUTRIDAN program and recommended doses were specified in the European Union's reference doses in the form of the PRI EU. The level of physical activity and the frequency of addictive substance use were assessed using the NUTRIFIA program. The objectives of the thesis were met, hypotheses H1, H2, H5, H6 were confirmed and hypothesis H3, H4, H7, H8 and H9 were disproved. The results will be offered to the Strakonice Hospital, a.s. in the form of educational materials for nurses in order to improve nurses´ healthy lifestyle.
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Comparison of occurance and development of truancy among pupils attending basic schools in Prachatice district from year 1997 to 2007.
KRUMP, Josef
The bachelor thesis presents the topic of truancy of pupils attending basic schools in Prachatice district from year 1997 to 2007 and compares its development. The aim of the thesis is to use available literature to analyze reasons for truancy. Furthermore, it defines the solutions to this problem based on data obtained from basic school career advisers from Prachatice district. Finally, the bachelor thesis specifies frequency and reasons of this negative phenomenon occurring in Prachatice basic schools and gives a comparison of all the given data. The theoretical part provides an analysis of main reasons for origin of truancy which usually originate from family or school background. The other reasons tightly connected with these could be for example school phobias, bullying, negative evaluation, excessive emotional dependence or improper teacher{\crq}s influence. Next, using specialized literature, it analyses possible prevention of truancy origin, treatment of pupil{\crq}s unexcused absence, concerned subjects proceeding and the way of excusing pupil{\crq}s absence. The practical part of the bachelor thesis gives an analysis of statistical data obtained from career advisers working in basic schools in Prachatice district. The data are compared in order to find out the reasons for truancy and the ways of solution to this phenomenon occurring in basic schools in Prachatice district from year 1997 to 2007. Moreover, it compares and evaluates the participation of boys and girls in truancy in the given period. The results of the thesis will be provided to the Police of the Czech Republic, The Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region, the Local Department of the Police of the Czech Republic in Prachatice and Municipal Office in Prachatice {--} Department of Social Affairs, Division of Social and Legal Protection for Children, and for prevention activities in basic schools of Prachatice district.
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The role of a nurse in patiens with inserted endobronchial stent.
PEŠKOVÁ, Martina
The goal of this bachelor thesis was to ascertain what role the nurse performs in care for patient with inserted endobronchial stent. The research set consists of ten patients with stenosis of trachea and large airways. Stenosis has a lot of causes but all patients have similar symptoms. The basic problem of such patients stays the same; they come because of breathlessness that restricts them in performance of common daily activities. We asked the research question whether the nursing care for patient with inserted endobronchial stent has influence on improvement of the breathlessness and whether education by the nurse is important for the patient with inserted endobronchial stent. The goal was met and the research questions answered. Three hypotheses were set on the base of the result. H1: Insertion of endobronchial stent has influence on improvement of patient{\crq}s breathlessness. H2: Nursing care for patient with inserted endobronchial stent has influence on self-care in patient{\crq}s daily activities. H3: The most important topic of education in patient with inserted endobronchial stent is inhalation. The nurse{\crq}s nursing care is indispensable because the patient needs it for the whole period of the difficulties. The influence of nursing care improves the patient{\crq}s discomfort caused by breathlessness. The nurse{\crq}s care provides the patients with physical, but also with psychic support. The patients admitted because of breathlessness are tired, exhausted and completely dependent on oxygen. They are not able to perform sanitary needs by themselves, are also restricted in movement, feeding, but also in dressing and evacuation. The nurse chooses, individually and by the patients{\crq} possibilities, such techniques that allow satisfaction of all bio-psycho-social needs during provision of nursing care. She provides also psychic support important to reach the goal, i.e. to eliminate the patients{\crq} breathlessness. Not all patients master the breathlessness well; there are patients who need psychic support by the nurse. We also describe the significance of education by the nurse in this bachelor thesis. The role of the nurse is to perform education so that the patients understand that daily hygiene of airways is, because of the inserted endobronchial stent, very important and has its role. Insufficient nurse{\crq}s education and therefore bad hygiene of airways causes complications because of which the patient must seek medical attention and be hospitalized. This bachelor thesis will serve also in practice to familiarize the general public at lay and professional level with the a possibility of therapy of breathlessness of patients with stenosis in large airways.
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The issue of aggressive behaviour of mentally disabled individuals
LOJÍKOVÁ, Jitka
Mental disability of children, young people and adults represents a serious health and social difficulty. Despite the issue of mentally disabled individuals being brought up more and more recently, our knowledge of the particular life of such handicapped people is rather low or fragmentary. Mentally disabled individuals are part of our society, being individually more or less dependant on its care. The opening part deals with the issue of mentally disabled individuals. Their particularities, needs and number are analyzed and the institutional care as such is also touched upon. Within the context of the Social Services Act{\crq}s amendment, under which ``cage beds{\crqq} were abolished, workers are made to look for other ways of coping with the aggressive behaviour of mentally disabled individuals. The attention is also paid to aggressive actions of the mentally handicapped from the point of view of various branches of the law. Not every worker has comprehensive legal awareness as far as mentally disabled individuals are concerned.The main goal of the research was to monitor the displays, causes and possibilities of avoiding and coping with aggressive behaviour within the group of the mentally handicapped. In order to meet the goal of the research, methods of a structured dialogue with the mentally disabled and a questionnaire with the staff caring for the mentally handicapped were used. Having processed the data, it was determined that most of the workers had already met displays of aggressive behaviour of mentally disabled individuals, the most common being verbal and physical aggression. It was confirmed that measures preventing or averting aggressive actions as imposed by the Social Services Act 108/2006 Coll. were in most cases sufficient. If the individuals have their hobbies and their needs fulfilled, the risk of potential aggressive behaviour decreases. In my opinion, the aggression could be also prevented by encouraging friendly human relations, emotional support and an impartial approach to all.
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Social networks and election to Chamber of Deputies in year 2010.
Wiglasz, Radek ; Křeček, Jan (advisor) ; Švelch, Jaroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis Social networks and election to Chamber of Deputies in year 2010 covers activities of political parties on internet social networks such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter. The thesis also covers some civic engagements, which intervened electoral campaign and later influenced people decision in election to the Parliament of Czech republic. The first part describes how political parties, which has entered the Chamber of Deputies, used potential of social networks in campaign and how their activities differed from party to party and also by social networks. The thesis discovers how political parties saw campaign on social networks and which forms of promotion they used. Second part is about activities of civic engagements on social networks and about their influence on results of the election. Diploma thesis discovers if their success depended on social networks. In the last part of the thesis, a research was made on a group of users of social networks. It analysed the influence of political parties' campaigns on social networks and also civic engagements on the results of this parliamentary election.
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Care allowance in relation to the visually impaired persons
Zajíc, Luboš ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Zemanová, Jana (referee)
My master's degree thesis focuses on special Czech social security benefit, which can be perhaps called "benefit for personal care". In the first chapter I explicate the topic and conceptions I will work with in the following text. The second chapter describes legislation which precedes the Act of social services containing the "benefit for personal care". This Act had come in force in 2006 and has come into effect since 1st January 2007. I compared construction of previous supports and " benefit for personal care" The third chapter explains in detail rules of law which regulate conditions of claim for benefit for personal care, administrative procedure, etc. The level of benefit relates to the degree in which needy person depends on help of other individual. The method used for establishing this degree is highlighted in the 4th chapter. The 4th chapter is subdivided into two major parts according to operations and procedures used to establish degree of applicant's dependence. I especially focused on aspects of establishing proper degree of dependence for visually impaired people. In final part I reflected on alternative ways how to regulate this social security issue based on a reflection of functioning of chosen system and I have mentioned the latest novel social service Act which will come into...
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Residents of retirements homes in region of Zlín in point of demographic view
Lukácsová, Hana ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
Residents of retirements homes in region of Zlín in point of demographic view Abstract Presented work introduces the law no. 108/2006 on social services that determines retirements homes as one of the facilities providing social services. The capacity of these facilities in the Zlín region is evaluated with the help of availability indices and facility normatives. More detailed attention was drawn to an analysis of age, gender, former permanent address and dependence degree of residents in selected retirement homes. This part of the research is based on data provided by five retirement homes in Zlín region. Obtained data was evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier method in order to estimate surviving function for these clients. The resemblance was tested employing the determination of the null hypothesis by log-rank test or Wilcoxon test. Keywords: ageing, residents of retirements homes, law on social services, survival analysis
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