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Molecular genetic analysis of the fragile X syndrome and myotonic dystrophy
Mušová, Zuzana ; Sedláček, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fajkusová, Lenka (referee) ; Maxová, Alica (referee)
More than 20 human hereditary diseases have been linked to expansions of unstable simple nucleotide repeats. These disorders include several clinically heterogeneous neurological diseases such as the fragile X syndrome (FXS), Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA1), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple types of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA), and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). The phenotype of these disorders shows wide variability ranging from mild symptoms with late onset to severe congenital forms. The pathogenic mechanism of these expansions depends mainly on the type, localization and length of the repeat. Expansions of tracts of CAG triplets in coding regions cause polyglutamine disorders with abnormal protein function. Expanded non-coding repeats can silence gene expression or produce toxic RNAs which can be engaged in abnormal interactions with RNA-binding proteins [reviewed in 1]. The fragile X syndrome is one of the most common causes of inherited mental retardation with estimated frequency of 1 in 4000-9000 males and 1 in 7000-15000 females [2]. The disorder is associated with the expansion of a polymorphic CGG repeat in the 5' untranslated region of the FMR1 gene in Xq27.3 [3-6]. Affected males with full mutations (over 200 CGG repeats) have mental impairment with dysmorphic features (elongated face,...
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Neolithic and aeneolithic settlement in Hořovice basin with focus on stone intrustry
Stolz, Daniel ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pavlů, Ivan (referee) ; Zápotocká, Marie (referee)
The study of a Neolithic and Aeneolithic settlement in individual areas forms a substantial part of a complex study of a wide range of related issues regarding the overall settlement location and its history, its density, its relation to natural environment, and its relation to previous and later periods. It can also provide insights into stone industry distribution and the process of communication and contacts between neighbouring and distant regions, mining areas, the size of cultivated areas, etc. Unfortunately, until the 1980s, the study ofNeolithic and Aeneolithic settlements was a rather neglected field in the context of Czech archaeology and even since then iťs stili very rarely used for a complex study of multiple issues. The aim of my thesis is to fulfill this "gap" by suggesting possible solution to the above mentioned problems. The selected settlement area is Hořovice basin. The sources gained from intensive archaeological field work carried out in the 1980s and from a detailed field prospection ofthe whole area belong among the richest collections of data collected for a specific region in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the largest salvage excavation in Hořovice area carried out in Žebrák in 2000. 47 features dated into the II and III grade of...
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Neolithic and aeneolithic settlement in Hořovice basin with focus on stone intrustry
Stolz, Daniel ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pavlů, Ivan (referee) ; Zápotocká, Marie (referee)
The study of a Neolithic and Aeneolithic settlement in individual areas forms a substantial part of a complex study of a wide range of related issues regarding the overall settlement location and its history, its density, its relation to natural environment, and its relation to previous and later periods. It can also provide insights into stone industry distribution and the process of communication and contacts between neighbouring and distant regions, mining areas, the size of cultivated areas, etc. Unfortunately, until the 1980s, the study ofNeolithic and Aeneolithic settlements was a rather neglected field in the context of Czech archaeology and even since then iťs stili very rarely used for a complex study of multiple issues. The aim of my thesis is to fulfill this "gap" by suggesting possible solution to the above mentioned problems. The selected settlement area is Hořovice basin. The sources gained from intensive archaeological field work carried out in the 1980s and from a detailed field prospection ofthe whole area belong among the richest collections of data collected for a specific region in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the largest salvage excavation in Hořovice area carried out in Žebrák in 2000. 47 features dated into the II and III grade of...
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Biology of gall wasps (Diplolepis spp.) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in palearctic region
Vitáček, Jakub ; Janšta, Petr (advisor) ; Holý, Kamil (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focussed on description of biology of gall wasps from the genus Diplolepis spp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in the palearctic region with the emphasis on some interesting phenomenons in their life cycle. These wasps induce galls obligatory on roses (Rosa spp.) and are widely distributed in the holarctic region. Many authors focussed on research of parasitoids, which use wasps larvae as food source. It was also recognized that inquilines lost their ability to induce own galls. However, their development is still dependent on galls tissues, because they feed on cells within galls. Rose gall wasps reproduce mostly without any mating. Female lay unfertilized eggs and males are very rare. Recently, development of modern techniques enable authors to study infection by bacteria of the genus Wolbachia and its role in the wasps parthenogenetic development. It is also apparent difference between the levels of our knowledge about individual species in this bachelor thesis. We have relative rich knowledges about European rose gall wasps, on the other hand biology of some Asian species is still very poor.
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Geodynamical hazards of the Malé Karpaty Mts. northern part
Briestenský, Miloš ; Stemberk, Josef (advisor) ; Ondrášik, Rudolf (referee) ; Krejčí, Oldřich (referee)
Abstact In the scope of my Ph.D. thesis, the epicentral Dobrá Voda erea was selected for study of geodynamical hazards connected with active faults crossing the area. There was chosen some geomorphological, geological as well as geotechnical methods to discover recent tectonic regime. The obtained results showed close relationship between fault striking and drainage system orientation as well as erosion furrows orientation. Furthermore, wide-ranging slope deformations are located ďong faults with proved activity and the both phenomenons were studied and registered. Moreover, striking faults are reflexing by tufas, sag ponds and swallow holes occurence on the surfaoe. The subsurface active fault display is documented by' sinter damages along the fault in the local Zbojrucka and Slopl Caves. This manifestation influenced these caves to studS' fault microdiplacements and the net was extented by two extensometric TMTI gauges situated on the surface localities too. The monitoring results showed significant tenths and hundredths of mm movement trends per year as well as strain regime ohanges dwing local singnificant earthquakes. On the other hand, sence of the fault displacements showed sinistral block rotation in the wide-rangilg sinistral Mur-Mtirz-Leitha fault zone, which can be changed into dextral block...
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Puppet and the Child in the Contemporary World
Trojanová, Jaroslava ; Marušák, Radek (advisor) ; Valentová, Lidmila (referee)
This diploma work is describing the today's relation of the marionette to a child. Is supposes that every relation is based upon meeting, contact, coming together, communication and empathy. And that is why the today's child does not mostly have a close relation to the marionette which was popular with the children many ten years ago. The child is deprived of a play with a marionette because it has little opportunity to play with it. It has not been given the appropriate space to playing with common objects, materials, marionettes. If the child's imagination enables to revive the object and the child acts with it in such a way that the object revives by the "life" of its own, the result of this change is that the object receives a term - the marionette. This psychic man's need to revive the material causes that the marionette has been surviving for thousands of years. The author believes that if the marionette theatre is played with the children, the rich tradition of marionette play will not cease. With respect to her specification of the marionettes she is referring to a wide offer of marionettes as creative artefacts that the children can create themselves and that they are able to revive. After the author's experiences from the direction and dramaturgy of several marionette performances with the...
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The analysis of the position of Tribun EU, s.r.o. on the market
Machová, Lenka ; Černá, Jitka (advisor) ; Kačín, Radovan (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce analyzuje postavení společnosti Tribun EU, s.r.o. na trhu, a to se zaměřením na pražskou pobočku a její činnosti. V metodologické části jsou obecně charakterizovány malé a střední podniky. Další část se věnuje SWOT analýze. V praktické části jsou popsány jednotlivé produkty společnosti a následně produkty pražské pobočky. Praktická část je zakončena SWOT analýzou pobočky v Praze. Závěr obsahuje možné návrhy a doporučení ke zlepšení současné pozice na trhu.
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The issue of infertility in the Czech Republic: an analysis of the success of assisted reproduction
Plačková, Veronika ; Lešetický, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kandilaki, Daniela (referee)
The subject of my thesis is to analyze the evolution of the reproductive behavior of the Czech population to assess changes over time, especially after 1989 and to analyze the success of assisted reproduction in the Czech Republic in the period 2007 to 2013. It is divided into several parts. The first theoretical part describes the change in reproductive behavior after 1989, risk factors and causes of female and male infertility, possible tratments of diagnosed infertility and various methods of assisted reproduction. Another analytical part is dedicated to the evolution of fertility and the phenomenon of childlessness of young women. Some indicators are compared with selected European countries for an overall assessment. Subsequently are analyzed in detail the most widely used methods of assisted reproduction IVF, ICSI and kryoembryotransfer and of using indicators Pregnancy rate and Take-home baby rate is assessed their effectiveness. The thesis is supplemented by own research reproductive and family behavior on a selected sample of the Czech population.
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The young and their lifestyle.
Brož, Michal ; Jílek, Petr (referee) ; Klusoňová, Hana (advisor)
Michal Brož Young people's lifestyle Diplomová práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci králové Studijní obor: Farmacie Background: - to define a situation in the area of using legal and illegal habit forming substances among students at the age from 16 to 20 years - to analyse the dependence of development of psychic problems on using habit forming drugs Methods: - questionnaire study: anonymous questionnaire (contains questions on smoking, alcohol, habit forming substance and the BSI form) - opened, closed and semi closed questions - 343 students (106 males, 2237 females) at the age 16 - 20 years (average age 18,58 year) - data analysed in SPSS for Windows, version 16.0 Results: Legal substances: - 57,4% of students have an experience with smoking tobacco - only 17,8% of respondents smoke regularly and only 8,7% smoke daily - 86,9% of students have an experience with drinking alcohol Illegal substance: - 39,7% have an experience with using illicit substance (47,2% male and 36,3% female) - the most frequently used drug is marijuana (32,7%), then hashish (13,7%), Cocaine (8,7%), sleeping pills (7,3%) and amphetamine and LSD - as the most dangerous substance are considered heroin, cocaine, ecstasy, LSD, methadone and amphetamine Psychical disorders: - a two-sided...
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Young Peoples Lifestyle
Bláhová, Petra ; Klusoňová, Hana (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Petra Bláhová Mladí a životní styl Diplomová práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci králové Studijní obor: Farmacie BACKGROUND: The objective of this thesis was to find out what is the students' experience in secondary schools with medicament consuming. What is the students' knowledge and opinion of consuming medicaments, compare the gained outcome with outcomes of another studies and evaluate how much the opinions and experiences of medicaments are influenced by the age and gender of participants. METHODS: The questionnaire focused on a lifestyle of young people was used to collect the information. For our thesis we used first 25 questions regarding to medicament issue. Students answered closed, open and semi-closed questions. The questioning was held in the school year 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. It was used 345 most completely filled questionnaires (the rate of returned questionnaires was 86,3%) from students of 3 secondary schools. The students' age was ranged between 15 and 22 years, 49,2% were males and 50,8% were females. The data were processed in Microsoft Excel 2002. RESULTS: Most participants (87,2%) think that consuming of medicaments is helpful but at some circumstances it can be also harmful. 81,0% participants think medicaments can seriously harm the health and...
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