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The effect of low corporate tax rate on payroll tax evasion
Madzharova, Boryana
It is a commonly held view that the widespread policy of cutting the corporate income tax has a positive effect on taxable income through decreasing firms' incentive to hide profits. A neglected side of this policy, however, is its potential to trigger more evasion in other tax bases, such as the social security base, especially if the corporate income tax rate is low compared to the payroll rate. We develop a model in which employers and employees cooperate in declaring lower wages to the tax authorities in order to evade payroll contributions.
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Understanding the resource impact using matching
Aliyev, Ilkin
We investigate the resource impact on economic growth using matching. Using a nonparametric minimum-distance matching method, we match the countries according to their observable characteristics, and estimate the relative growth rates of each matched pair. This way we are able to analyze the impact of the resources on relative growth rates, rather than on absolute growth rates as it has been done in the literature. Assuming correlation between observables and unobservables, the matching based on observables may control for unobservables as well. If this assumption is satisfied, matching allows us to control for more variables and to single out the direct effect of the resource abundance variable.
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Effects of parental background on other-regarding preferences in children
Bauer, Michal ; Chytilová, J. ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara
Other-regarding preferences are central for the ability to solve collective action problems and thus for society’s welfare. We study how the formation of other-regarding preferences during childhood is related to parental background. Using binary-choice dictator games to classify subjects into other-regarding types, we find that children of less educated parents are less altruistic and more spiteful. This link is robust to controlling for a range of child, family, and peer characteristics, and is attenuated for smarter children. The results suggest that less educated parents are either less efficient to instill social norms or their children less able to acquire them.
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Rational inattention to discrete choices: a new foundation for the multinomial logit model
Matějka, Filip ; McKay, A.
Often, individuals must choose among discrete alternatives with imperfect information about their values, such as selecting a job candidate, a vehicle or a university. Before choosing, they may have an opportunity to study the options, but doing so is costly. This costly information acquisition creates new choices such as the number of and types of questions to ask the job candidates. We model these situations using the tools of the rational inattention approach to information frictions (Sims, 2003).
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A note on equilibrium uniqueness in the Baron-Ferejohn model
Celik, Levent ; Karabay, B.
The Baron-Ferejohn multilateral bargaining model predicts a payoff-unique stationary subgame perfect equilibrium (SSPE) in which players' equilibrium strategies are not uniquely determined. In this note, we present a modified version of the Baron-Ferejohn model by introducing veto players and provide a sufficient condition to obtain a truly unique SSPE in terms of payoffs as well as players' equilibrium strategies.
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A multilevel analysis of innovation in developing countries
Srholec, Martin
Innovation is a multilevel phenomenon. Not only attributes of firms but also the framework conditions within which firms operate matter. Although this has been recognized in the literature for a long time, a quantitative test that explicitly considers this hypothesis has been lacking. Using a large sample of firms from many developing countries, we estimate a multilevel model of innovation which connects micro and macro levels of analysis in an integrated framework.
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