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Design of a Crash-Test Dummy
Sedláčková, Martina ; Coufal, Tomáš (referee) ; Bilík, Martin (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is construction of crash test dummy for vehicle-pedestrian crash tests. There is review of nowadays used crash test dummies types in the introduction of this thesis. This is followed by part describing construction itself. Chapter about construction begins by characterizing of used materials features in relation with real human body physiology. Main part of chapter is describing construction of crash test dummy’s skeleton and its individual components including 3D modelling and strength analysis. Thesis is finished by cost assessment.
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Circumstances and Legal Consequences of Daytime Road Accidents with Pedestrians
Rožková, Magdaléna ; Tylšar, Vladimír (referee) ; Semela, Marek (advisor)
The diploma thesis „Circumstances and Legal Consequences of Daytime Road Accidents with Pedestrian“ deals with the interpretation of legal decisions on traffic accidents causes by the vehicle during the day and where the other participant was a pedestrian. The main aim of this work is to find the established limits for the assessment of fault in comparable accident situations. Basic concepts, as a traffic accident, participants of traffic accidents and the position of an expert in the criminal proceedings, are defined within the theoretical part of the thesis. It also deals with the biomechanical aspects of a pedestrian – vehicle collision and the violation of specific regulations. Approximately 1,530 judical decisions were studied and analyzed in the analytical part, of which 40 were selected, that correspond to the requirements of this thesis. In the analytical part there are also 4 expert opinions provided by the Institute of Forensic Engineering of Brno University of Technology, where the above – mentioned limits for the assessment of accidents were applied, as well as the decision according to the jurisdiction.
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Increasing the Safety of Pedestrians in Road Traffic
Doležalová, Lucie ; Bartuška, Ladislav (referee) ; Schmeidler, Karel (advisor)
My thesis is engaged in increasing safety of pedestrians in urban traffic. My work analyses cases of accidents in a specific area and attitudes and experiences of pedestrians as well as local inhabitants. The aim of my work is to map an accident rate – a case study and formation of applicable measures in the town Třeboň, thus in an urban area. The first part of my work is engaged in theory, which is divided in used proper terminology in accordance with the law followed by a universal view of issues of traffic and their safety. The empirical part of my work then examines analysis of dangerous places in a selected locality. These places were chosen on the base on a questionnaire survey among local residents with the goal to point out these dangerous places by actual traffic accidents in the town Třeboň. It is necessary to determine applicable measures in dangerous places from particular traffic accidents and thus to help increasing safety of pedestrians in a given place. Because of acquisition of necessary data, analysis of documents, a questionnaire survey and subsequent evaluation of results is used in my work. In conclusion I evaluated results and created a draft measure.
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To Dvur Kralove by train - Transfer Terminal in Dvur Kralove nad Labem
Vinklárková, Eliška ; Sedláček, Jan (referee) ; Foretník, Jan (advisor)
The main objective of the proposal was not to create a barrier for the inhabitants or tourists by integrating transport on this parcel, leaving it as far as possible to the pedestrians. Movement of pedestrians and vehicles should not cross. The new tracks are therefore moved to the existing siding. Bus traffic should take place at busy local roads. The terminal building is in the center of the plot and is a link between bus, train, car and pedestrians. Thanks to the selected transport solution, the parcel is free from the traffic barriers and there is a free pedestrian spread. At the same time, the transport solution does not allow the free passage of the population to the south. The location of the scatter surface naturally guides the visitor and the inhabitants of the city to their area of interest - a departure from the industrial part of the city.
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Passive safety of vehicles with a focus on incompatible impacts.
Tulach, Pavel ; Kovanda, Jan (advisor)
This dissertation describes in detail the issue of passive safety related to the biomechanics of injuries and crash tests processed as well.
Statistics of accidents for the last 10 years, which show the maximum and minimum numbers of accidents and fatalities, are presented in the first chapter, "Overview of the current state of solved problematice. There is also briefly defined legislative relationship between the driver, as road users on the one hand and vulnerable pedestrians on the other hand. The issue of injury biomechanics and especially the serious injuries of body parts (organs) are elaborated in relevant chapter.
Methodological part of the thesis described and analyzed data from previously crash tests and serve as a basis for comparison with other experimental tests. Other tests means tests performed on the shock chamber. After evaluation and processing of measured data is to identify and describe the limits of the load, which is the human body when exposed to incompatible impact.
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Acceleration of pedestrians move from a standing start
Ciępka, Piotr ; Reza, Adam ; Zębala, Jakub
The article reports the results of the accelerations of women and men from a standing start to slow, normal and fast walking, running and forcing. The obtained results presented in the form of functions depending on the road in time, compared with the results of tests carried out in 90’s of twenty century by Strouhal, Kuhnel and Hein. There were differences between those results, which allow to apply new data of acceleration.
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Light reflective attributes of selected materials
Schejbal, Jan ; Kuře, Arnošt ; Motl, Jakub ; Škoda, Jan ; Belák, Michal ; Bradáč, Albert ; Bilík, Martin
The article is a summary of the partial specific research project, conducted at the IFE BUT in order to verify properties of selected light reflective and fluorescent materials and their properties compared with those obtained with conventional clothing materials on the Czech market. This article summarizes the results of laboratory measurements of selected attributes of light on a series of samples, including reflective materials used in the clothing industry, warning garments for various promotional articles, while the most commonly used materials and colors for outerwear. The laboratory measurements were carried out, among other things, measurement of diffuse and specular components, which is important for the visibility of these elements. Following this measurement will be carried out practical measurements under different lighting conditions. The aim of the research is to show the fundamental difference in visibility casual dress walkers in poor visibility compared to clothing, fitted with reflective materials. The result of the project after its completion, it should be recommendations for the selection and placement of reflective elements for pedestrians, moving in poor visibility over the road, both in terms of color and size, and in terms of the location to the best possible visibility.
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Rychlost chodců – výsledky výzkumu v současné populaci
Ciępka, Piotr ; Reza, Adam ; Zębala, Jakub
Cílem článku je prezentovat výsledky výzkumu provedeného v Ústavu soudního inženýrství v Krakově, týkajícího se pohybu chodců v testovacích podmínkách a na silnici. Výzkum se zabýval určením stejnoměrného pohybu chodců v závislosti na věku, pohlaví a způsobu pohybu – pomalé, běžné a rychlé chůze a také běhu a rychlého běhu. Výsledky vztahující se ke stejnoměrnému pohybu chodců byly srovnány s výsledky získanými Strouhalem, Kühnelem a Heinem, a Eberhardtem a Himbertem, které jsou v Evropě známé. Srovnání opodstatňuje používání výsledků nejnovějšího výzkumu při rekonstrukcích dopravních nehod.
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The Active Bonnet Hinge
Galda, Michal ; Růžička, Bronislav (referee) ; Brandejs, Jan (advisor)
This thesis deals with designing the construction of an active bonnet hinge, tuning the kinematics and appropriate proportioning of individual parts of the hinge. The thesis consists of two main parts – the first part is an analysis of the current state of knowledge and the second part presents a designing the construction. The active hinge should serve as a safety element in automobiles to minimize consequences of head injury suffered during the collision of a pedestrian with an automobile.
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Head injury at fatal road accidents.
AMBRŮŽEK, Tomáš
The issue of road accidents rate has been generally and continually a topical issue not only in the Czech Republic but in the whole developed world. This is the reason why this bachelor thesis deals with traffic accidents, more specifically with head injuries in fatal road accidents. The goal of this work was to asses the percentage presented by head injuries in fatal consequences of road accidents and identify the most common causes of death in car accidents. With the view of the set goal, the following hypothesis was formulated: ``Head injuries are the most frequent cause of death in traffic accidents.{\crqq} During the research, I used the methods of secondary and content analyses to review and asses head injuries in fatal traffic accidents. The analyzed sample was presented by 91 people killed in traffic accidents dissected at the Forensic Department of the České Budějovice Hospital. The data were collected from their autopsy reports. The method of combined analyses was used to identify and classify the type of their fatal injuries, i.e. whether the cause of death was the head injury itself, whether there were polytraumas with a fatal head injury combined or if the death was caused by other injuries. The research has fulfilled the original goal of this work {--} to asses the percentage presented by head injuries in fatal consequences of road accidents and identify the most common causes of death in traffic accidents. Drawing on the results of the research it is possible to state that the hypothesis (Head injuries are the most frequent cause of death n traffic accidents.) has been verified.
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