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The stability of biologically active compounds in elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) inflorescence during processing
SUCHÁ, Renata
This thesis examines the stability of rutin in the inflorescences of the elder during processing. Elder (Sambucus nigra L.) is a medicinal plant that was used for medical purposes as early as in the Middle Ages. Both flowers (Flos Sambuci) and fruit (Fructus Sambuci) of the elder are on the list of official medicinal products of the State Institute for Drug Control. The main active phenolic substance is flavonoid rutin. Flavonoids are phenolic substances of plant origin. Among the best known properties of these substances is their antioxidant activity. They protect the low density blood lipoproteins from the oxidation modifications that cause the development of arteriosclerosis and hypertension. As a medical plant, the elder is used especially for the preparation of a medicinal drink. It is also commonly used as a material for the preparation of syrup. This product serves as a basis for a refreshing and tasty drink and lately is has also started to be sold in shops. For comparison, five single-flower syrups from the elderflower by different producers were bought. A method of preparation of the elderflower syrup was devised, based in one case on frozen elder inflorescences and in the other on dried inflorescences. The plant material came from wildly growing shrubs and it was collected in June 2013. Altogether, 8 syrups were prepared in the laboratory, 4 of them from fresh material and 4 from dried material. Two different methods were used. The first one was based on extraction using sugar solution, the second one on extraction using water solution where sugar was added afterwards. Another added substance was ethanol. The method for measuring the amount of rutin in the samples was a combination of two extraction steps. The first step was the usual exraction using aqueous methanol and the second step was extraction using a solid sorbent (SPE). The analysis of fresh and dried material concluded that dried elderflowers contain many times more rutin than fresh elder. Among the commercially produced syrups, the "Kitl Syrob Bezový" contained most rutin; a little less rutin was found in "Hamé Bylinný sirup Bezový květ". The concentration of rutin in the syrups prepared in the laboratory was much higher than in the commercial products. By using different methods of syrup preparation and their subsequent analysis, it was found that the syrups prepared from the dried inflorescences contained a higher amount of rutin than the syrups produced in the same way, but from frozen material. Addition of a small amount of ethanol had no effect on extraction of rutin from inflorescences. Free quercetin, which indicate a decomposition of rutin, wasn´t found in any of produced syrups. The produced syrups were used for the preparation of a drink and then underwent sensory analysis. The paired two-sided preference test included pairs of drinks consisting of a fresh elder drink and dried elder drink. The results showed that the evaluators preferred syrups from dried elderflowers in two of the cases, while in the other two evaluated pairs, the results were not statistically significant. In all cases, the evaluators most often found small and middle differences. The gained results show that the best method of syrup preparation uses dried plant material and sucrose solution as the extraction agent. The syrup prepared in this way contained most rutin and at the same time showed the smallest losses of this substance, which is beneficial to human health. Furthermore, it also tasted better in comparison with syrup prepared in the same way, but from fresh material.
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Newly-built mixed-use building Brno, Sadová
Babáček, Jindřich ; Nováková, Eva (referee) ; Kolář, Radim (advisor)
The subject of this thesis is newly built multifunctional building that will be built in Brno. The part of Brno is called Sadová. The building will have five floors above ground and one underground floor. The underground floors will be used for car parking. The first floor will be located several shops. It will be hairdresser, florist's, supermarket and a cafeteria. Between the second and the fifth floor will be dwelling units. There will be 14 dwelling units with an area > 100 m2 and 8 dwelling units with an area
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World Trade in Crude Oil
Benešová, Nela ; Čajka, Radek (advisor) ; Bolotov, Ilya (referee)
This master´s thesis deals with trade with crude oil and its impact on the world economy. Everyone, who wants to start to trade with crude oil, should find out basic terminology and information about crude oil that is characterized in the first chapter. The hunt for oil started many years ago, therefore the history is also mentioned in this master´s thesis. The second chapter focuses on the world trade with crude oil. Territorial structure and trade flows are described in this part of the master´s thesis. Nevertheless, the crude oil also has an impact on the world economy and economies of single states. The third chapter analyses states, where the inhabitants live beyond means of people from other countries but these states are so depended on crude oil that if this trade stopped, these countries would go bankrupt. However, there are also exceptions. Even though, there are states that have huge sources of crude oil, they still have to deal with financial problems. The forth chapter characterizes the trade with crude oil of the Czech Republic because it is a net importer of crude oil and the last chapter focuses on new trends in crude oil such as shale oil and trading at a crude oil market.
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Design of processes of business department in IT company and measuring their performance
Schütz, Martin ; Oškrdal, Václav (advisor) ; Bruckner, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with design of new processes of business department in IT company which provides server hosting, web hosting and domain registration services. These processes come from identification and analysis of current processes and the theory of business department management. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) were set for selected processes which can be used for managing the company as a whole. Models of processes were created due to EPC notation. New processes were designed to continuously create data in CRM information system providing evidential and information support necessary for business department management, including the possibility of measuring its performance. Processes also automatize often repetitive activities and provide relevant information to other affected business units within the company. Contribution of the thesis lies in results of analysis of current identified processes containing solution proposals of discovered problems and newly created process models. Both can be used as a pattern for optimization of current processes in already existing organization or for designing new process models in new organization in the same or similar field of business.
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Forms of evaluation and their efficiency while working with mistake in Czech lessons
Šmídová, Ivana ; Staňková, Blanka (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee)
The thesis is focused on the serviceability analysis of the various evaluation forms regarding the work with mistake of pupils during the Czech language classes. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the advantages and disadvantages of the different evaluation forms. It also covers with the various ways of interest of the varied evaluation forms in the pupils mistake together with its serviceability for another work. The practical part of the thesis deals with the serviceability analysis of the self-made evaluation papers. These papers concern evaluation and self-evaluation work of pupils at the work with mistake during the Czech language classes. This analysis is based on the results acquired from the testing of the papers in practise. The goal of the research was to get know the extent of serviceability of the papers as the instrument of the natural way of learning at the work with mistake.
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Process Analysis As the Basis for the Implementation of a New Information System
Kmochova, Zdena ; Říhová, Zora (advisor) ; Svatá, Vlasta (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the processes in the company POP service, Ltd., also to analyze the current problem in this company and to recommend and propose measures which eliminate the causes of the emergence of the problem. The causes originate from the aspects of the management of people and processes are identified through the analysis of processes associated with the problem and eliminated on the basis of proposals metrics and responsibilities for these processes. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to concepts in the field of process management. The theoretical part characterizes these concepts process management, business processes, process analysis and process modeling methods, process maps, graphical notation for writing business processes, business process improvement and analysis organization. In the second part of the thesis is presented the examined organizations POP service, Ltd.. Based on the analysis of the current state are defined vision, mission and goals of the organization. Then there is described a procedure of the analysis of the current state, which is process analysis and proposal of selected processes, metrics and responsibilities for these processes. Methods of analysis are SWOT analysis, analysis of the activities, structured interviews and process analysis. The result of this thesis is to analyze the selection of processes of the company POP service, Ltd., proposal metrics, define jobs and responsibilities and suggestions for improving the selected process.
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Multifunctional building Litomyšl
Kovář, Lukáš ; Utíkal, Aleš (referee) ; Utíkalová, Ivana (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with the design of the multifunctional building located between Havlickova and F. Vogner streets in relation to the existing building in Litomyšl. Building plot is slightly sloping, at the rear goes into greater inclination. The building has four aboveground floors and one underground floor. The building includes services, located in ground floor, administrative premises decomposing in the second and third floor and apartments on the top floor. In the basement are located parking spaces. Supporting skeleton of the building is a cast-in-place concrete frame. Roofs are designed as a flat single shell. In part of roof over third floor is a green roof. The building is founded on piles. Due to the occurrence of water pressure is building an extra solved waterproofing system with checks and activation. The work includes text messages, drawings for building construction, fire safety design, construction and physical assessment of building structures and specialization from concrete structures.
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Contemporary situation at Helplines in Prague
Ročovská, Silvie ; Sivek, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Hálková, Petra (referee)
Crisis is a part of our lives. There are situations that we are not able to solve only by our power, so we need an expert assistance. The most approachable form of help is telephone crisis intervention (TCI). The TCI is focused on stabilisation of acute state. I dealed with four organizations of telephone hotlines - for children, general and elderly population and hotline for victims of houshold violation. I described their work. Their help is immediate, available, anonymous for both participants, financial inexpensive. All the clients need in situations of crises is safeness and acceptance. Acording to the new law of social services, the workers of crisis hotlines have to improve their education in area of telephone crisis intervention. The organizations which deal with TCI often encounter problems with repeated calling of certain clients. These clients demand attention of hotlines workers because of compensation of missing relationship. The staff should provide other services and motivate clients into real relationships in their lives. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Community Aproach to the People with Mental Health Problems As Alternative to the Institucional Care
Strnadová, Dagmar ; Klimešová, Anna (advisor) ; Sivek, Vojtěch (referee)
In the history the care of people with a mental health problems was going through a lot of changes. Most of the people were accepted as a part of a society. The family and a local community had been taken care of them. Only a small part of people with a mental health problems had been banished or kept in prison. With the beginning of a modern period the people with a mental illness have devoted and segregated in a large extent. The psychiatri and care for disordered people occured rapid developement in 20th century. In the 50's the psychiatric institution had been closing down in a many advanced countries. Institutional care was replaced with a out-patient and comunity care services. The main target of a community care is to help to the people with a mental illness so they can live in a naturally neighbourhood. The Great Britain has ranked among countries with a along tradition of community care. The broad range of services in the domain of living, employment and a leisure time arised here. The attitude to disordered people was also changed. In the Czech republic the community work set up to apply in 90's. Since the time the big progress was reached. Nevertheless the institutional care is still being preferred. The community care concur at traditional community values and it is established on esteem to...
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