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Economical Impact of Regional Planning in the selected Region
Mudrová, Marcela ; Toth, Daniel (advisor) ; Helena, Helena (referee)
The thesis aims to draft procedures for regional development. The goal is going to define standardized processes, which aim to take advantage of the activities of foreign investors in the Central Bohemia Region, these investment activities positively getting on the development of employment rate. The methodology includes the application of regression analysis in which is the explanatory variables, the volume of foreign direct investment (independent variable) and the dependent variable is the emplyment people who have permanent home in the Central Bohemia Region. To maintain the investment activity is necessary to create the local authorities suitable conditions for investors through guaranteed prices of commercial area. The assumption is that investor interest will be remain only in the event, that they gonna to be offered a guaranteed price of commercial area. The task for the public administration is in the interest of investors and the public interest. The result of regression analysis is, used to determine the optimal scope of commercial area offer. Therefore, to design solutions also falls adjustment and correction of territorial development in the Central Bohemia Region.
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The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Economic Growth – The Case of Selected Arab Countries
Hodrab, Rami Mohammad Awad ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Soukup, Alexandr (referee)
Information and communication technology (ICT), population growth, gross capital formation, Openness, labour and inflation are frequently well-thought-out as important drivers of economic growth for all countries, so as for Arab countries in our case. This study aims to examine the effect of these factors on 18 selected Arab countries economic growth, covering the period from 1995 to 2013, with the main interest of the impact of ICT. The results show positive and significant impact of ICT index (infodensity that represents the capital and labour stock of ICT) for each individual country (except for Djibouti with negative ICT index elasticity and UAE with insignificant impact) ranged from 0.10 for Lebanon to 0.469 point for Qatar. The panel regression results show that ICT positively and significantly affect the whole sample of 18 Arab countries economic growth with 0.108 point, as well as GCF ratio with 0.129 impact, in addition to openness which encounters positive and significant impact with 0.054 point, and inflation with negative significant impact. These results are accommodated with many related studies. Population growth is insignificant to economic growth. The 18 Arab countries are divided into three sub groups according to their infodensity levels. The research results show that there is a relatively large gap between first and second groups of high and intermediate infodensity values in one side and the third group (with low infodensity and GDP per capita values) on the other side.
In order to verify further the results of positive and significant impact of ICT on economic growth, a second study model that depends on Cobb-Douglas production function is applied with ICT and non-ICT capital services and labour services. This second model is applied on five Arab countries that covers the period from 1993 to 2014 using ARDL method. The regressed results show a long run equilibrium cointegrated relationship between ICT and non-ICT capital services, in addition to labour services and GDP growth. The results tell a positive and significant elasticity of ICT capital services at short and long run, and this value is more than the ICT capital services compensation share, which indicates ICT spillover in these Arab countries. Labour services impact on GDP growth is positive and significant on long run, but for non-ICT capital services, there is a negative and significant impact. So finally it is worth for the Arab countries to invest more and efficiently in ICT assets, in addition these countries have to efficiently use the available ICT resources.
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Asymmetric Information in the Process of Investing to Funds of Qualified Investors
Veselá, Kamila ; Soukup, Alexandr (advisor) ; Severová, Lucie (referee)
The submitted paper focuses on information asymmetry in the area of investments in qualified investors' funds. The paper focuses on qualified investors' funds in the form of open-end mutual funds that allow the subscription of allotment certificates, i.e. they offer investment opportunities. The nature of qualified investors' funds allows, compared to standard funds, the execution of more venturous investment strategies, which, however, includes much higher risk connected to the information asymmetry. The paper is based on the assumption of information asymmetry between Investment Company and potential investors. The quality of the provided information is therefore critical; however, the investor cannot be expected to have the same knowledge of the fund as does the manager of the fund. The assumption of information asymmetry is based on the differences of interests of Investment Company and potential investor. Investor's interest is to maximize his own profit (net present value), but the interest of Investment Company is to maximize his profit (fee for managing the fund). The manager, maximizing the profit (his fee for managing the fund), may try to contort information towards the investor to "lure" him into an investment and thus achieve his goal. The objective of this dissertation paper is therefore the identification of risks connected to investing in QIF (qualified investors' funds) as result of the existence of IA (information asymmetry) on the side of the investor, qualitative analysis and proposal of measures leading to the elimination of IA. It's meant (in this paper) that information asymmetry is misrepresentation of information and also the incompleteness of information. The results are the basis for two outputs of this paper: investments recommendation for potential investors and information duties recommendation focused for Investment Companies. The aim of these outputs is to eliminate the influence of IA in the process of decision -- making of potential investors.
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The Effect of Oregano Essential Oil on Microbial Load, Drying Kinetics and Sensory Atributes of Dried Meat
Hernandez Hernandez, Helga Johana ; Banout, Jan (advisor) ; František, František (referee)
Microbial load can be controlled using either synthetic or natural preservatives. Particular interest has been focused on the potential application of plant essential oils as safer additives for meat. However, there is no published research on the use of essential oils during the meat drying process. This study was focused on enhancing the meat drying process. At first a value-added dried meat product by using oregano essential oil (OEO) to inhibit the growth of bacteria, and the sensorial response from assessors is presented. It was found that the application of the OEO in meat is effective in inhibiting Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli. After 6 hours of drying at 55°C, 2 ml (0.038 ml l-1 air) and 1.5 ml (0.028 ml l-1 air) of OEO were considered the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against S. enteritidis and E. coli, respectively. Samples treated with 0.75 ml of OEO were more attractive for consumption compared with the control; at a higher concentration of OEO, the sensory quality of the food was affected.
Next, the effect of modified blanching treatments on the drying behaviour of beef meat was evaluated by determining moisture ratio versus time curves and the influence on sensory quality of the resulted product. The 3 treatments under investigation were (1) oil treatment (2) steam blanching and (3) hot air blanching with 3 doses of oregano essential oil (1) 1.5 ml (2) 3 ml and (3) 6 ml. Each treatment had an effect on the drying time of the beef samples, however, the dose of oregano essential oil applied did not affect the drying process. The results showed that steam blanching was very effective reducing the drying time. Meanwhile, 1.5 ml and 3 ml hot air blanching samples and 1.5 ml oil treatment samples were judged as better from sensory point of view and the respondents considered that adding oregano essential oil enriched the pleasantness of the smell.
In conclusion, a value-added dried meat product obtained by using oregano essential oil to enhance food safety received an acceptable sensorial response from consumers. Additionally, each modified blanching treatment tested influences the drying kinetics process, but the dose of oregano applied did not affect the drying process. In this sense, hot air blanching and oil treatment with the lowest dose had an acceptable sensorial response from consumers.
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Transformation of FINCA Programs into Micro-banks and Influence of the NGOs (Mexico, FIPS A.C. and Czechs´activities).
Drašarová, Martina ; Banout, Jan (advisor) ; Irena, Irena (referee)
Microfinance has been seen as a key tool for poverty reduction in developing countries. Target groups of microfinance are very poor people who have no access to any financial resources and need loans. Microcredits help the poor in running their small businesses or in a creation of its own job opportunities. The loans are often embezzlemented, are not financial sustainable in the long term, and are frequently critised. The question is if microfinance is real universal cure and which influence has on elimination poverty and social even economical effect. It also considers a perspective of model preferences focused on business (conditional high interests, possibility to contact intermediaters, gaining easier access into external financial sources) or a charity (more resistant to crisis thanks to using internal financial sources). In general, Latin America has excellent conditions for microfinance; the macro-economic growth which countries in Latin America had shown during the last decades set up advantageous conditions for well-known microfinance institutions and its development. Microfinance sector contributes by its profits to the common financial institutions which have already got a significant position in the market. In principle, Mexico struggles for better conditions for the poorest class of the population and due to this fact offers products of microcredits as the assistance to start-up small businesses. From the economic point of view, Mexico tries to be much more self-sufficient and sustainable. Microfinance institutions earn regularly an undisputed importance in the process of regional expansion, representing a crucial factor in the alleviation of poverty likewise insecurity for large segments of the inhabitants. The work is based on information from relevant sources that can easily identify the current status of microfinance. This thesis researches the microfinancial sector and the program FINCA (Foundation for International Community Assistance), including causing non-governmental organizations in Mexico. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the current situation of functioning microfinance sector in selected Mexican states as well as to identify impacts of microfinance activities in this country. It describes microfinance sector due to its lack of opportunities to gain microcredit. Credit distribution and its awareness about these services is passed. Administrative procedures are difficult and information shortage restricts credit accessibility. This leads more in usage informal sector, based on family members or groups. The paper demonstrates suggestions for improving and operating in this sector that might be involved in legal framework for microfinance in Mexico.
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Ecological and evolution strategies of necrophagous beetles (Coleoptera)
Jakubec, Pavel ; Růžička, Jan (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
Necrophagous beetles (Coleoptera) are very interesting and diverse ecological group of species with an immense impact on a natural nutrient cycle. Their main food source and breeding ground are carrions of vertebrates, human remains included. This relationship is often used in various ways by forensic entomology, but its potential was not jet fully reached, because our knowledge of biology and ecology of these beetles is very much incomplete. In this thesis I would like to explore geographic distribution, ecological requirements and developmental biology of several Central European necrophagous beetles as an outcome of their ecological and evolution strategies. For that I raised three broad research questions. Which factors are determining the local abundance of carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae)? How the current geographical distribution of open-landscape carrion beetles looks like in the Czech Republic? How the temperature affects the development of Sciodrepoides watsoni (Spence, 1813)? We found out that soil type can have significant effect on abundance of carrion beetles. They showed preference for chernozem -- Nicrophorus antennatus (Reitter), N. germanicus (Linnaeus), N. interruptus (Stephens), N. sepultor (Charpentier), Silpha obscura obscura (Herbst), T. sinuatus (Fabricius) or for fluvisol as did N. humator (Gleditsch). These findings support our hypothesis that soil type could be an important factor determining the occurrence of necrophagous European carrion beetles. To collect novel data of the current geographical distribution of carrion beetles we used 420 baited pitfall traps at 84 localities, and we collected 71 234 specimens of 15 silphid species. Among them, three endangered carrion beetle species listed on the Czech Red List of Invertebrates, were found. Two are vulnerable thermophilic species of open landscapes, Nicrophorus antennatus (Reitter, 1884) (collected around Louny and Židlochovice) and Nicrophorus germanicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Louny, Zábřeh and Židlochovice). The third is the near threatened species, Nicrophorus sepultor Charpentier, 1825 (collected around Louny, Kutná Hora, Zábřeh and Židlochovice), which also prefers open landscapes. We studied development of common Holarctic beetle Sciodrepoides watsoni under five constant temperature regimes in laboratory (15, 18, 21, 25 and 28°C). Parameters of thermal summation models and their standard errors were calculated for each developmental stage (egg, three larval instars and pupae). We also find a new character for larval instar determination (head width) and proposed novel approach for future studies of size-based characters in instar determination.
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The importance of monitoring post-mortem game meat changes
Santajová, Markéta ; Bušová, Milena (advisor) ; Daniel, Daniel (referee)
The main aim of the thesis is to discover the significance of parameters of postmortal changes of game, on which we may well base for the further appraisal in practice.
The theoretical part describes company for processing game, from which the samples for the experiment were taken. Furthermore, it incorporates the composition and the qualities of meat and the factors that affect the meat of game. A significant chapter describes postmortal processes and ways of meat spoilage.
The experimental part of the thesis measures both the pH and ammoniac postmortal indicators. As for the experiment, the measurement was carried out on two groups of samples coming from the ham of wild boar.
With regard to the results the indicators were proved to be measurable postmortal parameters by postmortal changes and consequent process ripening of meat. The figures between individual measurements increased, but the dependence on time cannot be made on grounds of the results. The figure of ammoniac increased during the measurement too, and we gained a concrete image of its content in the meat thanks to photometric method. The results were compared with the measurement of ammoniac of slaughter animals. For analysis volume of ammoniac in specimen of lean flesh was used traditional micro method according to Conway.
More profound analysis ought to be made for the appraisal of postmortal indicators. Next interesting parametres for determination of significance postmortal changes could be also enzymatic substance.
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Economic analysis of currency pair EUR/USD
Peťura, Michal ; Procházka, Petr (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the relationship of exchange rate theory regarding the currency pair EUR / USD. The theoretical part defines the fundamental issue of exchange rates, exchange-rate regimes and the foreign exchange market, where the exchange rates are made. The crucial part of the theory is devoted to economic theories causing currency movements. In conclusion of the theoretical part attention is also given to econometric methods and statistics time series analysis.
The analytical part of the thesis examines the short and long term relationships of purchasing power parity, the theory of parity of interest rates and monetary approach to the exchange rate for the currency pair EUR / USD. A regression analysis is used for investigating short-term relationships, and is applied to the relative changes in the value of the currency pair EUR / USD and the changes in the relative values of the theory of exchange rate determination. The long-term equilibrium relationship is analyzed by using a cointegration analysis, specifically the Engle-Granger and Johansen tests. The estimated results are evaluated and discussed in the final part of the thesis.
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The comparison of digital terrain model sources in GIS for hydrological purposes
Klempíř, Hynek ; Bašta, Petr (advisor) ; Gdulová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with comparsion of digital terrain models from different
sources processed in GIS for hydrological purposes. The diploma thesis is
composed from several parts. First part sis consist of characteristics related to
watershed and water flow, which are important for the understanding this work. The
thesis also describes digitial terrain model, his creation and methods for obtainig
digitial models. Then, there are described data sources from which is possible to
gain digitial models. Next chapter is dedicated to the coordinate system. The last
parts of this thesis describes drain alghorithms.
Characteristic of this area was collected on experimental watershed Modrava II
with the ESRI ArcGIS Desktop software that would mainly Spatial Analyst and
ArcHydro extensions.
The results of this diploma thesis can be concluded that the free digital terrain
model SRTM 90 is not suitable for small regions with diverse terrain structure. Thereason is a small resolution model. Other terrain models provided free of chargé are
sufficient even for small areas as the selected area of interest. Paid digitial models
can al lbe established for the area of interest as appropriate.
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Inheritance of coat color in horses
Krejčová, Lucie ; Sedláková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Hofmanová, Barbora (referee)
Genetic side of horse´s coloring is an interesting topic, which has been a subject of many researches for a long time. The DNA testing has shown that the original horses were brown or buckskin and due to changes in environmental conditions also black. During the domestication circulating more colors, quickly began, helped by human selection. The color of the coat is a quality feature and is subjected to Mendel's rules, for each color of the horses are therefore responsible genes of large effect. To most of the color is already assigned to a specific gene mutation and it is identified that the gene can find and change the phenotype. An exception is the color white, roan and tobiano, known only, that are associated with the KIT gene, dun color and leopard are currently only assigned to chromosomes ECA8 and ECA1. Mutations on genes are of different character, in the MC1R gene, MATP, PMEL17 and SLC36A1 is a change of a single base pair in a gene EDNRB is a dinucleotide mutation. ASIP gene mutation is caused by deletion of 11 nucleotide pairs and on the other hand is caused by mutations STX17 duplication 4.6 kilobytes Knowledge of gene structure and mutations is necessary for testing the color of horses at the molecular level. DNA testing is still in development, but currently it is already possible to test horses to most of the colors, which is important in the accurate identification of colors, but also in preventing the development of diseases which are associated with some genotypes. The aim of this work is to organize and unify information on various horse´s colours and the manner of their inheritance, due to the increasing interest of the people and farmers on this issue.
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