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Annual progress of radial increment of selected species in Arboretum FFWS in Kostelec nad Černými lesy
Chržová, Anna ; Bažant, Václav (advisor) ; Vítámvás, Jan (referee)
Abstract
This thesis deals with the evaluation of the annual radial increment measured during the vegetation period 2014 and 2015 on three species of trees in the Arboretum of The Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences of the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague in Kostelec. Evaluation of the seasonal dynamics of radial increment of Abies grandis (Grand fir), Picea sitchensis (Sitka spruce) and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir) on plot stands in the Arboretum in Kostelec was made by comparing the climate in the time period and the annual radial increment as it changed during the season. Annual radial increment of Abies grandis, Picea sitchensis and Pseudotsuga menziesii was detected by device EMS DRL26A. This device also subscribed information about the temperature during the growing season. Data was processed by software EMS Mini32 and exported to Microsoft Excel 2016. Information about the temperature, I determinated with using a meteorological station in the area of the Arboretum. Data fromdendrometer and weather station and their interdependence was evaluated using Microsoft Excel 2016 in the form of line charts. In 2014, I was dealing also phenological phases and the time of onset and end of it on observed species. Due to the extremely warm and dry year 2015, I had the opportunity to compare the responses of individual species at these climatic phenomens. In conclusion, the results are confronted with the literature searches and the discussion in this thesis, where I focused on the characteristics of measured trees and their application in European conditions
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Social Segregation in the Town of Prachatice
MRÁZ, Pavel
Thepresent thesis isengaged in thedevelopmentofhousing and lifeofthe Romany population in thetownof Prachatice duringthe period from 2010 to thepresent. Utilizingprofessionalliteratureavailable, internet sources and documentsofthetownof Prachatice, the thesis providesananalysisofthegivenproblems. Furthermore, a researchsurveywascarriedout in thelocality Krumlovská street, descriptive no. 39, Prachatice. Theobjectiveoftheresearchsurveyconductedwas to ascertainopinionsof Romany citizensofthelocality Krumlovská street, descriptive no. 39, Prachatice, withrespect to theirperceptionofthequalityofhousing and life in thislocality, accessibility to socialservices and theirposition as citizensofthetown. Theresearchsurveywasrealised in formofinterviews, whenquestionswereput to citizensoftheabovelocality in Prachatice.
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Financial Crisis In CR and in the world and its Expression
Kremlík, David ; Soukup, Alexandr (advisor)
The diploma is focus on whole term of the last crisis registered in 2008. In diploma is mentioned as the European debt crisis and Global economic recession. The main theme of this diploma are GDB during the crisis, higher unemployment, a slowdown in foreign trade, car industry or problems in the agricultural sector in Czech Republic and in the world also.
The diploma expressed which country had the biggest problems with crisis and the other way around. In diploma are also described the anti-crisis measuresy which had prevented more bankrupt in affected countries.
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Torrefaction of biomass for energy use
Sverkunová, Kristina ; Ivanova, Tatiana (advisor) ; Krepl, Vladimír (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is focused on torefaction of biomass for an energy use. It describes the technology including basic reactors, compares wet and dry torefaction and used materials that can be used for an agricultural waste. In the thesis I compared advantages and disadvantages of torefaction considering all hydrophobic, grindability and emission of greenhouse gasses.
Second and the important part of the thesis is the recent commercial use of biomass. Data are mainly taken from the SECTOR study, which was made in March 2016. So it can be considered as a recent data. This part is also concentrated on possibilities of faster development of this technology thanks to the commercial use. It is also explaining the importance of norms, which have not been regulated yet.
The conclusion refers to the main assets of this technology, when the usage of fossil fuels and its more ecological substitutes are discussed. I mentioned the problem of a carbon footprint is connected to a possible raise of wood materials import, that will be unavoidable in order to satisfy expected demand for year 2020.
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Performance recording in Charolais beef herd
Jelínek, Petr ; Toušová, Renata (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
Summary
In this thesis I dealt with verification of performance of beef cattle Charolais Breed on farm: Chov Charolais spol. s r. o. Slabce. The main objective of my diploma work was to assess the growth abilities of calves Charolais breed from birth till weaning in relation to various factors, for instance: gender, order of calving, number of born calves during one calving, month and year of the birth on the respective farm. The relevant data was assessed for the period of years 2012 - 2015. In this period there was born 324 calves of which 162 bulls, 153 heifers and 9 still born calves. The assessment of calf's growth characteristics was related to the average birthweight, average gain from birth to 120 days, and average weight at the age of 120 and 210 days. For the evaluation of calf's growth characteristics was used data gained from the database of performance testing of beef cattle (KUMP) for the given period. Growth parameters related to selected factors were processed with the use of statistical software SAS 9.3 (SAS 9.3, 2011).
The average weight of young bulls at birth was 33,58 kg and average weight of heifers was 32,99 kg. The average weight of bulls at the age of 120 days was 183,66 kg and the average weight of heifers was 175,58 kg which was demonstrated to be statistically significant (P < 0,01). The average weight of bulls at the age of 210 days was 288,28 kg which is again higher than heifers with average weight of 264,21 kg (P < 0,05). To summarize, there was identified statistically significant difference of the gender influence in behalf of bulls.
After comparison of average weight at birth, at the age of 120 and 210 days separately for twins and an only child, there is obvious and also statistically significant finding (P < 0,01) that the observed twins are usually smaller at birth and their growth abilities are worse than that of only child. The average weight at birth for an only child is about 4,48 kg higher compared to twins. Then the average weight at the age of 120 days for an only child is about 38,68 kg higher than average weight of twings. Finally the average weight at the age of 210 days is about 58,26 kg higher for an only child.
Regarding to the influence of order of calving there was identified no significant effect to both average birth weight and weight at the age of 210 days. The only statistical significance was identified between order of calving and the average weight at the age of 120 days in 1st, 2nd, 5th, 7th, 10th order of calving (P < 0,05). Further I found out that calves in the 1st order of calving have significantly lower average weight from the 1st calving mothers at the age of 120 days than the calves in the 2nd, 5th, 7th, 10th order of calving. The average weight of calves at the age of 120 days is about 9,29 kg lower than weight of calves in the 2nd order of calving. On the other hand the average weight of calves at the age of 120 days in the 5th order of calving is about 18,37 kg higher than weight of calves in the 1st order of calving. Similarly, calves in the 7th order of calving have about 13,63 kg higher weight than calves from the 1st calving mothers. And also calves at the age of 120 days in the 10th order of calving have about 15,78 kg higher weight than calves from the 1st calving mothers.
In respect of influence of year of birth was identified statistically significant different level (P < 0,01) of the average birthweight in year 2013 compared to other years. Similarly there was demonstrated the statistically significant difference (P < 0,01) regarding to the average gain from birth in year 2013 compared to other years. The average birthweight in 2013 was 34,91 kg. The lowest average birthweight of 31,65 kg was observed in 2015. And for instance in 2012 the average birthweight was 32,48 kg which is still about 2,43 kg lower than in 2013. Regarding the evaluation of the average gain from birth till the age of 120 days there was only reported value of 1046,78 g in 2013. The best year regarding the average gain from birth till the age of 120 days was year 2014 which represented value of 1214,37 g.
In the observed breed there took place births predominantly from January till June. Regarding the month of birth there was demonstrated statistically significant difference (P < 0,05) in respect of average birthweight of calves born in May 31,98 kg compared calves born in February 32,55 kg and in March 33,07 kg. Further was identified statistically significant difference regarding the average gain from birth for calves born in June 995,28 g compared to calves born in February 1197,87 g (P < 0,01). Similarly in March was reported value of 1181,18 g (P < 0,05). The last statistically significant difference (P < 0,01) was identified in respect of average weight at the age of 210 days of calves born in May 199,55 kg and in June 201 kg in comparison to calves born in January 282,05 kg, in February 284,65 kg, in March 277,21 kg and in April 277,76 kg. To conclude, based on the statistical analysis, conclusive results and literary sources there had been confirmed hypothesis that internal factors positively affect the growth abilities of calves.
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A Comparison of Bird Abundance in Different Types of Rural Settlements along the Czech-Austrian Border
Třeská, Klára ; Zasadil, Petr (advisor) ; Hodačová, Lenka (referee)
Abstract
Along with the changes in the management of human, which took place from the mid-20th century, bird populations changed the balances. The aim of my thesis is to determine the differences in the abundance and distribution of selected species of synanthropic birds. These concern of the following species: House sparrow (Passer domesticus), Tree sparrow (Passer montanus), Collared dove (Sreptopelia decaocto), Common linnet (Carduelis cannabina), White wagtail (Motacilla alba), Common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Black redstart (Phoenicurus ochruros), European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), Common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), European greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) and European serin (Serinus serinus). Using the simplified method of mapping (Bibby et al. 1992), the bird census took place in spring 2015 in 20 villages on the Czech-Austrian border. Counting squares were set in each village for different types of environment: the center of the village, edge of village and agricultural area including farm building with livestock.
The results confirm the dependence of house sparrow to agricultural areas with breeding livestock in the Czech Republic. Abundance, density and frequency was evaluate for each species separately. Effect of biotope and state were significant effects only for House sparrow population. Factors of poultry and built up area were significant for White wagtail bird. Effect of state was significant for bird species Collared dove. There were no effects for Tree sparrows populations.
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The Development of Local Government in the Municipality of Chanovice
Pivodová, Markéta ; Kubálek, Michal (advisor) ; Daniela, Daniela (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of the village Chanovice located in the Pilsen region on the western edge of the Klatovy district. It has six local districts, whose history is introduced. Part called Development of demographic shows regressive development of the population and its movement. The urban structure characterizes the appearance of the village and information on economic activity added perspective on employment in the region. In following part is presented the structure of the Municipal Authority, including councilors and mayor, who are the key players in local politics and thus indicate the direction in the development of the municipality. We can also look into the municipal budget in a simple summary of revenues and expenses. A considerable role in small villages is played by local communities and associations, of which there are countless in Chanovice and thus there are presented just those they have the greatest influence on the running of the village. The important part is the performance of political actors and description of each electoral period starting after the revolution in 1990 to 2014. In this part are mentioned some conflicts with which the Municipality meets and face them. Most information was obtained from semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with representatives of local political movements and former local politicians, and based on the method of understanding interview then interpreted in this thesis.
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Expenses and consuption of the households
Kašpar, Luboš ; Grosz, Jan (advisor) ; Milan, Milan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the issue and household consumption from several aspects, namely: realize an analysis of the development and structure of expenditure and consumption of households in the Czech Republic between 2006 and 2014 to determine the differences in expenditures and household consumption Czech Republic in urban and rural areas and compare issue and household consumption Czech Republic with selected European Union member states from 2006 to 2014. The analytical part of the thesis is preceded by theoretical-methodological part, which is focused on identifying expenditure and consumption of households by the Czech statistical Office on the issue of reporting households on classification of items expenditures of households by purpose and explanation of the statistical methods of time series analysis using regression and correlation analysis. In the analytical part of the thesis is to further understanding of the behavior of households in the area of expenditure and consumption specifics for each time period and is implemented prediction household expenditures Czech Republic and selected EU countries in 2019.
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Political aspects of local government – (non)stability of voting behavior of population of the town Volary
Dvořák, Stanislav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The thesis analyses the elections and electoral behaviour of the citizens of the town Volary in the period from 1996 to 2014. The behaviour of the voters was studied not only from the election results of the municipal elections but parliamentary elections as well. Several theoretical propositions, including the consistency of the voters' social status were verified. Moreover the work describes the differences of electoral behaviour based on the division into various socioeconomic groups in connection with the left and the right wing of the political spectre. Furthermore the work reviews the theory whether the local voters tend to the left or right values and deals with the stability or instability of their electoral behaviour.
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Political Aspects of Local Government – System of Voting of Municipal Council
Černá, Zlatuše ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The thesis is concentrated on problems of municipal elections in the Czech Republic, especially the character of the elections in the context of the size of the municipality and knowledge of municipal electoral system.
The theoretical part characterizes the municipal authorities and electoral systems used for particular types of elections in the Czech Republic. Further is aimed in detail at communal electoral system and the development of municipal election legislation to year 1990.
The practical part analyzes the results of the survey and the results of the analysis of documents. At the end of the work deals with a summary of the survey results and data obtained during the census results of the election.
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