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Using the Technology of Narrow Rows as an Anti-Erosion Measure in Corn Cultivation
Nevěčný, Karel ; Tomášek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Cihlář, Pavel (referee)
Soil is a basic, limited and non-renewable natural resource. It is the natural wealth of each country. Therefore, soil erosion is a major problem not only in the Czech Republic, but also on a global scale. As a result of the erosion process, the stability of soil aggregates is broken; there appears loss of organic matter and nutrient transport, or land within the property or outside. These factors cause irreversible damage to soils, which ultimately has both environmental and economic impacts. As the wide-rows crops areas increase, including corn there increases even the interest of professionals and the public in that problem. At the present, there are searched new technologies of corn cultivation, which should help in elimination of risks associated with that crop cultivation.
The aim of this thesis was to analyze selected soil conservation technologies in corn crops in the company ZD Krasna Hora nad Vltavou in terms of their impact on aquatic soil erosion and biomass production. There were analyzed the technologies of tillage disc harrows soil processing, sowing directly into freezing-out crops and as a control a fallow was established. We have also analyzed two inter-rows spacing of vegetation establishment, namely 37,5 cm and 75 cm.
The results of this work show an evident positive effect of no-tillage technology of corn cultivation, whether in the narrow or wide rows that are particularly effective at the beginning of the growing season, which is the most problematic for corn. As for the yield of biomass is concerned, the highest yield of biomass was achieved in variants with the width of 75 cm and in technology of sowing into freezing-out crops.
The work also includes a literature review, which covers erosion, erosion control measures, corn and tillage systems. Special attention is paid to so-called soil-protection technologies, which are used primarily in wide-rows crops such as corn.
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The influence of the number of plants on the yield of winter wheat in the context of precision seeding technologies
Paclt, Ladislav ; Brant, Václav (advisor) ; Zábranský, Petr (referee)
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most commonly grown cereal in the Czech Republic. The sowing area covers about 795 000 hectares. Quality seed is a good basis for the formation of stand structure during development, which is reflected in the yield and quality of production. The structure of the stand is shaped primarily by the number of plants per unit area, thereby the amount of seed rate. In traditional agricultural practice, the amount of seed rate is determined mainly by sowing date and agricultural production area. It is used convertion MKZ to weight in kg. Required quantity of seed is therefore given in kg and not in seed number. Commonly used seeding-machines moreover, are not able to precisely follow the seed sown.
The aim of this study was based on field experiments to assess the effect of different seeding rates in precision sowing on wheat yield. It is known that wheat plants have exceptional compensation capability, which consists mainly in tillering. When precise positioning of seeds per unit area, which maximally eliminates competition between plants, therefore, even in reduced seed rate should not shown to decrease yield. It was also evaluated the effect of the application of fertilizer during sowing into the zone of plant roots.
Field experiments were carried out in the years 2014/2015 in the locality Budihostice (Central Bohemia), GPS coordinates 50 ° 17'48.664 "N, 14 ° 14'36.130" E. For seeding carried out 3. 10. 2014 was used test modular drill Farmet with width of 1.5 m and with the use of precision seeding. The zonal application to a depth of 85 and 180 mm at seeding was used NPK fertilizer (15/15/15) in a uniform dose of 80 kg/ha. Seed rate in the experimental plots ranged from 200 to 350 grains per m2. Control variant representing conventionally planting was established with a seed rate of 450 grains per m2. Total was based six variants without fertilization, six variants with the location of the fertilizer to a depth loosening of 85 and 180 mm and the control variant. Harvest was 30. 7. 2015.
Differences in the number of plants are primarily reflected in the number of ears on a single plant. This factor was the most important yield-forming element. Lower yield compared with the control variant, which achieved yield 9,509 t/ha, was set on plots with the number of plants under 200 pieces per m2. In areas with a number of plants more than 200 pieces per m2 was beyond one variant set higher yield. Variants with the number of plants more than 230 pieces per m2 and fertilization achieved a higher yield than areas without fertilization. These differences were not statistically significant. Influence of zonal fertilization was not surely proved.
The experiments have shown that reducing the number of plants per unit area may be due stand compensation capability provide similar yields as conventional variant.
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Home health services - Bobrová, technological stage of roofing
Malý, Martin ; Hanzelková, Martina (referee) ; Šlanhof, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with structural and technological solution to roofing of the house health services in Bobrové, in the Highlands. Addresses the implementation of a truss structure of a gable roof and a subsequent cladding. The main content of the work formed the technical report, the construction situation, the budget with the statement of assessment, technological regulation, construction site equipment, timetable, design of mechanical assembly, inspection and test plan and work safety.
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Outbuilding of elementary school in Kurim, construction-technological solution of rough substructure
Dobrovolný, Miroslav ; Rychtecký, Martin (referee) ; Kovářová, Barbora (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is the construction and technological solution to lower gross building outbuilding of elementary in Kurřm. Part of the thesis is technical report building equipment, technological regulation of selected works, inspection and test plans, and design of mechanical assemblies connected with transport links, schedule of health and safety, environmental protection, line budget and schedule.
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Construction technology study stage assembly of reinforced concrete load-bearing structure of the hall
Hubáček, Lukáš ; Venkrbec, Václav (referee) ; Diaz, Yvetta (advisor)
The object of work is a stage of assembly of reinforced concrete supporting structure construction of universal hall with annex within the project Technology Park Holešov. The property consists of indoor and part two-storey annex. The thesis contains a technical report object, situation, including wider relations routes, itemized budget including bills of quantities, technological specification for mounting the skeleton, the principles of organization of construction, the timetable proposed mechanical assembly, inspection and test plan and occupational safety and health.
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Construction technology study of the construction of the bearing structure of manufacturing plant in Jihlava
Pokorný, Jan ; Liška, Pavel (referee) ; Kovářová, Barbora (advisor)
Company engaged in modernization of locomotive vehicles progressively modernizing their industrial estate. A big investment become realization of new industrial hall for vehicle coating, simultaneously with a reconstruction of neighbouring production hall and a new connection to the water main, gas main and a new transformer station. The bachelor thesis includes technological regulations of bored piles and for assembly upper prefabricated reinforced concrete construction of coating hall. Technological regulations are supplemented by draft of the suitable machinery, equipment of construction site and inspectional and trial plans, work safety, time schedule and comparison of two variants of the cranes and all will be feasible in terms of construction rate and financing.
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Elektronicky řízené systémy motocyklů
Borovička, Marek
The content of the thesis is the summary of a modern electronic systems implemented on two-wheeled vehicles, especially motorcycles. The main part is devoted to the description of the injection and ignition systems. The thesis also deals with the principles of driver assistance systems and their functions. Explains the function of electronically controlled systems with a positive impact on safety, efficiency, effectiveness, environment, comfort and competitive conditions improves the performance of machines and riders. Electronic systems for motorcycles eperiencing currently great development, although some are adopted from other categories of vehicles, but regulators have been extensively adapted two-wheeled vehicles.
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Implementation of the Subtructure of an Apartment Building
Teplý, Tomáš ; Nečasová, Barbora (referee) ; Liška, Pavel (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor's thesis is the constructional-technological solution of the substructure of an apartment building in Zlin. It is an object with five floors and a basement with garages. The building is based on drilled piles. The bachelor's thesis includes a construction plan with a site equipment, technological procedure of earthworks and drilled piles. A set of machines, a quality control, a budget and a time schedule have been processed for this technological phase. During the building process it is cared about work safety and environment protection.
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