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Stress situations and nursing personnel
MAREŠOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis deals with the stressful situations in the profession of the nursing staff. The occupation of the nurse belongs to the most demanding ones. In this occupation, the nurse is permanently affected by many stressors of different types. She faces death, the suffering, dying and incurably ill people very often. She is there in times of pain, agony and suffering. Personal encounters with these difficult situations require highly professional approach but most of all, they present immense work stress for the nurse. The theory section describes mainly the stressful situations that are the most common and most difficult in the work of the nursing staff. The next part of the theory section describes possible consequences of the stressful situations and methods of managing them including the support by the management. This thesis has two objectives. The first objective was to map the manners used by the nursing personnel to cope with the stressful situations brought by their profession. The second objective was to find out the difference in the coping with the stressful situations between the hospital staff and hospice staff. The research section of this thesis contains the quantitative research done using the technique of an anonymous questionnaire with 20 question prepared by ourselves. The questionnaire was distributed to the nursing staff of all categories in the hospital and hospice care. It was completed by 269 respondents in total. The data was statistically processed using systems Microsoft Excel 2010 and Software R, version 3.0.2 (Chi-squared test, Fisher´s exact test, and Wilcoxon test). We determined four hypotheses. H1: Manners of coping with the stressful situations depend on the qualification of the nursing staff reached; not confirmed. H2: Manners of coping with the stressful situations are influenced by the length of practice of the staff; not confirmed. H3: Manners of coping with the stressful situations differ between the hospital staff and hospice staff; confirmed. H4: The nursing staff views their own mental hygiene as more efficient than the support from the management concerning the coping with the stressful situations; confirmed. The research results show that the nursing staff faces the stressful situations very often. They see as the heaviest stress the care of the suffering and aggressive patient, conflicts with the patient´s family, conflicts at work and workload. The manners of coping with the work burden which proved as the best for them are relax, rest and sleep. There were no differences proved in the manners of coping with the stress among respective members of the nursing team. Nevertheless, the coping with the work burden of the nursing staff in the hospital and hospice care is different. A minimum of the respondents notices any support during the stressful situations from the employer. On the other hand, certain support by the management could be viewed in the form of trainings, supervision or contribution to a "recovery" which are granted to the respondents from the employer according to their answers. However, the respondents would prefer, as the support by the management, the increase in pay or more days off. The respondents view as insufficient the preparation of the graduates for the future stressful situations in their profession, as well. They would recommend mainly various trainings dealing with the stress and its management. A good solution to alleviate the work burden of the nursing staff and quality enhancement of the services provided could be investments into better work conditions, both in terms of sufficient human and material resources and the very organization of the work processes.
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Charity Projects of Organizations Providing Care for Children with Disabilities in South Bohemia
LANDOVÁ, Lenka
The bachelor thesis "Charity Projects of Organisations Providing Care for Children with Health Disability in the Region of South Bohemia" deals with those projects that were founded by non-profit organisations and that provide care for children with health disability in the Region of South Bohemia. The aim of this thesis is to chart the charity projects of above mentioned organisations and to find out what is a proper and effective way to create them and what methods and procedures are used by non-state, non-profit organisations. The first research inquiry refers to a successful implementation of these projects. The result will be not only a realisation what kind of projetcs were created by the above mentioned organisations but also what is important for an organisation itself. Within the bounds of the second research inquiry I find out wheather there is an optimal procedure for the implementation of the charity projects of non-state, non-profit organisations. A qualitative method was used for a research part of this thesis. I used a method of a half-structured interview, a technique of a personal interview. A research group was selected for bringing the research into practice, which includes nine organisations seleceted from non-state, non-profit organisations providing a care for health disabled children in the Region of South Bohemia. It is more difficult for non-state, non-profit organisations it this field to obtain enough finances for providing services and for obtaining necessary aids than for state non-profit organisations because of different ways of fundraising . A non-state, non-profit organisation has several possibilities how to obtain necessary material and non-material sources. There are charity projects that offer means of selfless help; provided they are successful, they help the organisation to obtain necessary sources. It emerged from the research that it was very important for non-state, non-profit organisations to get a multi-source fundraising and supporters of their projects, mainly donors and sponsors, to obtain available care for children with heath disability. On the basis of the research, it is possible to state that non-state, non-profit organisations providing care for children with health disability, implemented many successful projects. The results of this thesis can be used in the way of an informative material for setting a complete view of a solution of the problems of the above mentioned organisations projects.
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Management styles and their relation to the satisfaction of employees
GRAMANOVÁ, Kamila
Abstract - Leader empowering behaviours and their relation with worker's satisfaction Current state: Nurse's work is physically and mentally demanding. Adequate knowledge and skills are also needed. Nurse managers whose leader empowering behaviours administer to good functioning of medical institutions have therefore a crucial role. In these days a monitoring of job satisfaction is an upcoming matter. According to that we can look for drawbacks and problems and take corrective actions. There is a 9th year of the nationwide research of safety and satisfaction of employees of Czech hospitals. Aim: The first aim of the research was to find out what leader empowering behaviours are used the most by nurse managers. The second aim was to find out how leader empowering behaviours influence satisfaction with work conditions of nurses. Two hypotheses were given. The first hypothesis postulated that nurse managers use democratic empowering behaviours the most. The second hypothesis postulated that satisfaction with work conditions of nurses is changeable, depending on leader empowering behaviours. Methodology: A quantitative method of data capture was chosen. Non-standardised questionaires with 30 closed questions were given out. There were four questions at the beginning to identify respondents. Other set of 15 questions was focused on recognition of leader empowering behaviours. Satisfaction with work conditions was monitored in the last set of questions. Results of the research were processed into graphs and tables. Research set: The research set included nurses working under nurse managers in inpatient wards in České Budějovice a.s. hospital. The questionaire was appropriately filled in by 112 nurses, corresponding 74,7% recoverability. This was used to complete the aim of this thesis. Results: Results of the thesis were divided into two sets. The first set of questions aimed on leader empowering behaviours of managers under whom the questioned nurses of particular departments work. Democratic empowering behaviours were evaluated the most used, according to the first hypothesis. The second set of questions aimed on satisfaction with work conditions. The highest job satisfaction was reached with democratic empowering behaviours. Autocratic, liberal and nonspecific empowering behaviours were used in minimal degree and nurses reported lower job satisfaction among these behaviours. Therefore the second hypothesis was also confirmed. Conclusion: The research pointed out that leader empowering behaviours are one of the factors that influence job satisfaction. It is positive thing that an interest and research in this area increased in the last decade. Periodic evaluation of job satisfaction enables monitoring the direction of its values. According to the survey, a newsletter with recommendations for nurse managers was formed. This newsletter pointed out pros and cons of leader empowering behaviours.
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Nové postupy biomonitoringu cizorodých látek ve vodním prostředí
ČERVENÝ, Daniel
Within the presented work, several approaches of biomonitoring were studied. A well-established method for human health risk assessment was applied to evaluate the quality of fish from open waters in the Czech Republic. As this work is targeted on sport fishermen, who frequently consume their own catches, besides the publication in scientific journal, a brochure with results of this study was distributed via the Czech Fishing Union. Health risks for consumers related to the consumption of wild fish were found strongly species and locality dependent. As there is no risks related with the consumption of carp (Cyprinus carpio) at all investigated sites, frequent consumption of predatory fish should be avoided at some fishing grounds. The use of passive samplers has become more and more attractive in the last two decades. As these devices are able to mimic the biological uptake of chemicals, their potential for replacing fish as bioindicators in routine biomonitoring programmes is evident. In our study, the comparison between analysis of fish tissues and POCIS extracts from selected sampling sites confirms this idea about interchangeability of these indicators in the case of PFASs as target pollutants. Moreover, no metabolic transformation of contaminants present in water take place in passive samplers contrary to living organisms, thus these reflect the actual contamination at the locality more precisely. The use of passive samplers completely fulfils the internationally accepted principles of Replacement, Reduction, Refinement (the three R´s). Another promising approach using YOY fish as bioindicators was evaluated within the present study. Multispecies samples of YOY fish homogenate was found as a better indicator for wide range of pollutants than muscle tissue of adult fish within one species from the same locality. As all inner organs and tissues are presented in analysed samples, more target pollutants in higher concentrations are detected compared to the muscle of adults. Besides the higher sensitivity in pollutants detection and quantification, practical and economic benefits are of concern in the case of the YOY fish approach. The YOY fish approach also particularly fulfil the three R´s strategy, as sampling of this age group of fish has a smaller impact on the environment than the sampling of adults. In case of mercury, that was found as a limiting contaminant for the consumption of fish from open waters in the Czech Republic, a nonlethal method of finclips sampling can be used for the monitoring of this compound in aquatic environments. Besides the monitoring, our optimised method for the estimation of muscle tissue concentrations could be used for human health risk assessment as well. The difference between real muscle concentrations and concentrations estimated using our method differs less than 10% in most of the investigated localities. Benthic organisms are an important part of the food web in aquatic environments, but insufficient information about its contamination is available. In another study included in this thesis, first evidence about bioaccumulation of certain pharmaceuticals in benthic organisms was described. Although, pharmaceuticals are generally considered to be not accumulative in organisms, our study proved that certain pharmaceuticals have bioaccumulation potential. From this finding, it is evident that not only the concentrations of pharmaceutical dissolved in water but also the diet represents an important exposure pathway of contamination by these compounds for organisms (fish) inhabiting aquatic environments.
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The use of (nano)oxides for metal and metalloid stabilization in contaminated soils
Michálková, Zuzana ; Komárek, Michael (advisor) ; Luke, Luke (referee)
The main objective of the thesis was to evaluate the potential of selected Mn and Fe (nano)oxides for the stabilization of metals and metalloids in contaminated soils. The research was focused basically on three materials - commercial nanomaghemite (Fe III), nanomagnetite (Fe II,III) and a synthetic amorphous Mn oxide (AMO). The main aim of the work was to provide a complex view on the chosen stabilizing amendments regarding not just their direct influence on contaminants mobility and stabilization mechanisms, but also their stability and alterations in soil conditions together with influence on soil microorganisms and higher plants. Firstly, adsorption properties of the tested materials towards Cd, Cu, Pb and As were investigated. In this context, the most effective material showed to be the AMO reaching one to two orders of magnitude higher adsorption capacities than Fe III and Fe II,III under given experimental conditions. Interestingly, the rate of As(V) adsorption onto AMO was increasing with increasing pH as a result of high pHzpc of the AMO (8.1) and significant dissolution of this phase at lower pH values. As a next step, the influence of (nano)oxides on metal(loid)s mobility and other physico-chemical soil characteristics after application to contaminated soil was examined. Again, the AMO proved to be the most efficient in reducing mobile pools of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and As. On the other hand, Fe III and Fe II,III addition had generally less significant effects on contaminants mobility. AMO application further resulted in an increase of soil pH connected with AMO dissolution and unwanted decomposition of soil organic matter. When (nano)oxides alterations in soil conditions were observed, MnCO3 coatings were identified on AMO surface while no significant changes were recorded for Fe III and Fe II,III. As the MnCO3 formation was connected with increased AMO stability, AMO particles synthetically covered with MnCO3 coating (denoted as SM AMO) were prepared. Although the SM-AMO had a lower mass loss in soil than pure AMO, the stabilizing efficiency was almost the same for both materials. The differences in surface composition of both materials were decreasing with time as MnCO3 naturally precipitated on the AMO surface in soils while the SM AMO coating was gradually dissolving. When investigating the effect on soil microbiota, AMO efficiently promoted soil microbial activity while no significant changes were observed in the case of Fe III and Fe II,III. The AMO was also able to reduce the uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), eliminate Zn phytotoxicity symptoms and increase biomass yield. On the other hand, toxic levels of Mn released from the AMO in an acidic soil were found in sunflower tissues. AMO application is thus recommended for contaminated neutral or slightly alkaline pH with a higher cation exchange capacity in order to avoid unwanted release of Mn. Finally, various types of AMO-biochar composite sorbents were recently prepared and field experiment focused on stabilization of Cd, Pb, Zn and As using studied materials is currently under preparation. The combined results from the thesis highlight the importance of a complex experimental approach dealing with all parts of the contaminated soil environment in order to obtain complete information about the efficiency and usefulness of any newly developed stabilizing amendment.
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Appaloosa breeding and their utilization
Zuzjaková, Eva ; Neumann, Cyril (advisor) ; Starostová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis is a summary of the basic information about breeding and utilization of appaloosa. A dominant characteristic of appaloosa is an attractive color coat pattern, which is caused through a set of genes called Leopard Complex (Lp). That is the reason, why in this thesis, at first, the history of presence of the Lp in genus Equus takes place. The presence of Lp can be found already in many cave paintings of prehistoric horses. During domestication, the coat pattern became important. The horses of the same color coat pattern, which have today appaloosa, are depicted in the Celts, Scythians and Etruscans tombs, as well as in murals of Chinese and Egyptian cultures. Significant breeding of the spotted horses are also documented in the Ferghana Valley in eastern Uzbekistan. In Europe at 16th century horses were expanded and a lot of them have spotted coat pattern. Then the Spanish settlers imported these horses to the America, where Nez Perce Indian tribe bred horses, which we know today as Appaloosa.
Furthermore, in this thesis the Appaloosa breed organization, which belongs complete to Appaloosa Horse club of America, is described. The breeding standard and characteristics, which are color coat pattern, mottled skin, visible white sclera and striped hooves are inducted. Seven various types of coat pattern and tree types of registration are also described.
The major problems in the appaloosa breed are inherited diseases. In this thesis the most serious five of them are identified. It is CSNB, congenital stationary night blindnes associated with a homozygous variant of LP gene. HYPP, hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis, which causes muscle spasm of affected horses. This disease was obtained from quarter horses. HERDA - Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia which causes irreversible damage to exposed skin. Another serious disease is PSSM, polysaccharide storage myopathy, which is one of many myopathy occuring in horses. The latter disease is lethal GBED. Affected foals lack the enzyme GBE which is necessary for the synthesis and storage of glycogen. In spite of the improving precautions, these diseases have not been fully eliminated from breeding.
Further, there are given the possibilities of using Appaloosa horses in sports, hobby and ranch works. The system of shows and their ratings is described as well.
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Freshwater mussels breeding methods for the purpose of conservation programs
Plechingerová, Věra ; Douda, Karel (advisor) ; Matasová, Klára (referee)
Bachelor thesis is written in an overview form of problems breeding freshwater molluscs. At the beginning of the thesis I first evaluate the overall status of the populations in the Czech Republic and then in the world. Next I describe the anatomy and biology of molluscs, especially their reproduction, which is crucial for rearing juveniles in the laboratory or seminatural environment. The return of molluscs populations into the waters ecosystems is problematic in terms of ongoing changes in the biotope, particularly because of the anthropogenic influences and too few suitable host fish, without which it can not complete its glochidia development. To prevent the complete extinction of some species, there have been researched different methods of rearing, which help recover viable populations in the natural water environment. Methods of rearing are also described in this thesis. In the experimental part of the thesis I evaluate types of detritus that have different effects in length gain of mussels. For the experiment was selected freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera), whose population is highly endangered. Freshwater mussels are an important bio-indicator of waters ecosystems, where they have an irreplaceable function, so it is important to regenerate their populations and the overall condition of the biotopes.
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Web application development in Node.js
Homolka, David ; Šimek, Pavel (advisor)
Thesis deals with development of Web Application in Node.js. Web solution represents visualization of many various meteorological data and fills it into maps of planet Earth. User can view any available data about world weather or he can upload own file with data. The complete application is created in JavaScript, which is used on client side and server side.
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Handling technique and storage of materials in warehouse management of automotive industry
Sosvor, Michal ; Dvořák, František (advisor) ; Mařík, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the effectivity of automotive industry logistic system functions and its handling technology. The material income and its subsequent control is summarized in the chapter Material receipt. The material storage is there outlined as well. Material export, distribution and package is reviewed in chapter Material release. The chapters automatic identification, handling technology and rack system are included as well. The result of the study is the proposal of effective solutions for everyday service acceleration. The thesis is completed by discussion on the matter.
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Small sacral buildings in the area Macha region
Sobotková, Lenka ; Zilvar, Josef (advisor) ; Tomáš, Tomáš (referee)
Abstract
The thesis maps and identifies a small religious monuments in the countryside and smaller settlements in the cadastral area municipalities Association Macha, which is located in the southwestern part of the Liberec region and its southern edge, which is Kokorin, extends into the Central Region. These small structures of sacred significance were set up at intersections of roads, trade routes, near Wells, but as expressions of gratitude and remembrance to joyful, significant and tragic event. Each of these small sacred building affects perception of a person's environment, enriching area villages and landscapes, along with accompanying greenery which acted as a refuge on the road, landmark or feature lightning form a common artistic and traditional value. His mission lost partially or completely inappropriate transfer.
The main benefit and purpose of this work is to determine the current state of these monuments in the area, and create a detailed catalog, serving as a source of information for tourism, regional development, such as integration into existing and also into emerging hiking, biking and nature trails, but also as the basis for a partial analysis in the evaluation of the landscape, the creation of the zoning plan, the draft plan during land consolidation or the needs of a particular community.
The catalog is compiled on the basis of professional and regional literature, detailed field survey, including cadastral territory of the municipalities that are part of the voluntary association of municipalities Macha maps and testimonies of some residents is compiled catalog of small sacred buildings. Buildings are photographically documented and described both in terms of the status quo, and in terms of landscape significance here is the location of the building indicating the GPS coordinates and plotting the current actual map of the selected area.
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