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Ecophysiology of microscopic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans
Homutová, Karolína ; Kubátová, Alena (advisor) ; Baldrian, Petr (referee)
A microscopic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Ascomycota: Pseudeurotiaceae) causes illness known as white-nose syndrome (WNS) causing death of bats during hibernation. The illness occurs in the North America and in Europe. The fungus is characteristic by asymmetrically curved conidia, by slow growth and growth at low temperatures (below 20 řC). The aim of this study is to clarify properties responsible for unique ecelogy of Pseudogymnoascus destructans by comparison with ecological related or unrelated pathogenic or nonpathogenic fungi. This part includes study of tolerance to physiological stresses and recognition of spectrum of utilizating nutrients (compounds of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur and nutrient supplements). Testing to physiological stresses should help to estimate a potentiality of fungus to spread out of caves. The last aim is to develop a selective isolation medium for P. destructans. Influence of several types of physiological stress (e.g. UVA, UVA with UVB, 25 řC, 30 řC, 37 řC and dryness) was investigated with fluorescent stain propidium iodide (PI) by flow cytometry. The spores of Pseudogymnoascus destructans and three fungi from underground spaces were not viable after 3 weeks at 37 řC. Other stresses did not cause a decreasing of viability or some stresses caused...
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Laboratory Work on Plant Physiology and Anatomy and its Use at Primary School
Vágnerová, Kateřina ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Odcházelová, Tereza (referee)
The presented master thesis is focused on practical teaching of the plant anatomy, morphology ad physiology at primary schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a summary of the basic knowledge about plant morphology anatomy and physiology including integration of the practical teaching of natural science in Framework Education Programme and its extension into the School Education Programme. This part includes also detail theoretical background of teaching methods, which are suitable for laboratory work and didactic games. The second, practical part contains a detail description of the seven author's laboratory works and seven didactic games dealing with different topics from the plant anatomy, morphology and physiology, their practical evaluation on pupils of two primary schools and one secondary school including following detailed analysis of the realized questionnaire of these didactic materials. According to the obtained research data, it is obvious that the using of practical teaching form is more attractive for the pupils than conventional teaching methods at primary school.
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Physiology of Blood Brain Barrier
Kellner, Patrik ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Filipovská, Eva (referee)
This thesis takes on the theme of blood-brain barrier. Blood-brain barrier is a physiological barrier, that divides the circulatory system from brain, in place of their konfrontation. Barriers main task is to maintain homeostasis and regulate the transport of substances in both directions. The most important group of proteins, responsible for transport, are the ABC transporters. Alterations of barrier properties during the pathological states, but also the distribution of medical drugs is subject of futher investigations. Overview of the above mentioned themes will be mediated by this thesis.
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Physiological changes of cereals under temperature stress
Kantová, Anežka ; Vítámvás, Pavel (advisor) ; Hnilička, František (referee)
Cereals are among the oldest crops that have been grown and used by humans as important component of their diet. It is an important source of livelihood for the human population and have a wide range of uses, mainly in the food industry. Cereals generally serve as a source of energy in the diet, due to the high starch content. The most commonly grown types of cereals are especially wheat, barley, rye, rice, corn, but there may be other species such as oats and millet. However, even cereals do not avoid the problems associated with the action of abiotic stress factors. Their effect on all plants is manifested by a decrease in vitality, but in crops - such as cereals - mainly by a decrease in yield. Due to the reduction in yield, breeding of resistant cereal genotypes is now in the primary interest of breeders. This work summarizes the basic principles of the action of heat/cold stress on plants and explains the reactions of various types of cereals to these abiotic stress factors. Key words: proteome, physiology, cereals, temperature stres, yield, abiotic stres
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Driver State Monitoring
Blašková, Barbora ; Prustoměrský, Milan (referee) ; Chudý, Peter (advisor)
Vedieť šoférovať auto je v dnešnom svete považované za dôležité, či dokonca nutné. Avšak, s pribúdajúcou premávkou je nevyhnutné, že sa stanú nehody, ktoré môžu mať aj fatálne následky. Množstvo informácií, ktoré musí vodič vedieť spracovať sa neustále zvyšuje a s tým aj stresové situácie, počas ktorých vodič nemusí vedieť racionálne uvažovať. Táto práca sa zameriava na nájdenie techník a postupov ako implementovať monitor, ktorý by predikoval level stresu vodiča počas jazdy, aby sa predišlo takýmto nehodám.V práci boli implementované dva typy modelov - osobný a všeobecný. Oba využívali fyziologické dáta spolu s kinematickými, ktoré boli nahrané počas jazdy. Oba modely boli schopé predpovedať úroveň stresu s vysokou pravdepodobnosťou.
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The function of ClpX chaperone in bacteria
Kýr, Jan ; Balíková Novotná, Gabriela (advisor) ; Šiková, Michaela (referee)
Intracellular proteolysis is an essential regulatory process that affects cellular physiology. Since proteolysis destroys proteins irreversibly, this process must be strictly controlled. The AAA+ proteins are the key factors in regulated proteolysis in bacteria. These proteins consist of two functional domains, the AAA+ chaperone domain and the protease domain. One particular group of these AAA+ protein is the Clp protein family. Functional domains of the Clp family are formed by seperate proteins. The hexameric unfoldase ClpX is a member of this protein family. This unfoldase can interact with the highly conserved ClpP protease to form a ClpXP proteolytic complex. This proteolytic complex utilizes the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to unfold and translocate the specifically tagged substrate into the ClpP degradation chamber. Substrate recognition is mediated by the binding of ClpX to short unstructured sequences called degradation tags. ClpX recognizes several degradation tags, but the most important one is recognition of the ssrA degradation tag, which is the output of the tmRNA ribosome rescue system. Although ClpX interacts with ClpP, it affects a variety of cellular processes such as the expression of virulence factors or the adaptation to stress factors, ClpX can work independently of...
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Morphological, physiological and proteomic changes of cereals under abiotic stress
Kantová, Anežka ; Vítámvás, Pavel (advisor) ; Hnilička, František (referee)
Cereals are among the oldest crops that have been grown and used by humans as important component of their diet. It is an important source of livelihood for the human population and have a wide range of uses, mainly in the food industry. Cereals generally serve as a source of energy in the diet, due to the high starch content. The most commonly grown types of cereals are especially wheat, barley, rye, rice, corn, but there may be other species such as oats and millet. However, even cereals do not avoid the problems associated with the action of abiotic stress factors. Their effect on all plants is manifested by a decrease in vitality, but in crops - such as cereals - mainly by a decrease in yield. Due to the reduction in yield, breeding of resistant cereal genotypes is now in the primary interest of breeders. This work summarizes the basic principles of the action of abiotic stress on plants and explains the reactions of various types of cereals to abiotic stress factors. Key words: proteome, physiology, cereals, abiotic stress, yield
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Physiology of Blood Brain Barrier
Kellner, Patrik ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Pačesová, Dominika (referee)
This thesis takes on the theme of blood-brain barrier. Blood-brain barrier is a physiological barrier, that divides the circulatory system from brain, in place of their konfrontation. Barriers main task is to maintain homeostasis and regulate the transport of substances in both directions. The most important group of proteins, responsible for transport, are the ABC transporters. Alterations of barrier properties during the pathological states, but also the distribution of medical drugs is subject of futher investigations. Overview of the above mentioned themes will be mediated by this thesis.
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Modelica in physiological modelling. Models with spatially distributed parameters, Authorin educational simulators.
Šilar, Jan ; Kofránek, Jiří (advisor) ; Maršálek, Petr (referee) ; Roubík, Karel (referee)
Mathematical models in physiology are useful to formulate and verify hypotheses, to make predictions, to estimate hidden parameters and in education. This thesis deals with modelling in physiology using the Modelica language. New methods for model implementation and simulator production were developed. Modelica is an open standard equation-based object-oriented language for modelling complex systems. It is highly convenient in physiology modelling due to its ability to describe extensive models in a lucid hierarchical way. The models are described by algebraic, ordinary differential and discrete equations. Partial differential equations are not supported by the Modelica standard yet. The thesis focuses on two main topics: 1) modelling of systems described by partial differential equations in Modelica 2) production of web-based e-learning simulators driven by models implemented in Modelica. A Modelica language extension called PDEModelica1 for 1-dimensional partial differential equations was designed (based on a previous extension). The OpenModelica modelling tool was extended to support PDEModelica1 using the method of lines. A model of countercurrent heat exchange between the artery and vein in a leg of a bird standing in water was implemented using PDEModelica1 to prove its usability. The...
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The utilization of tensiomyograph for measuring muscle imbalances of men in artistic gymnastics
Duba, Jiří ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Krištofič, Jaroslav (referee)
Title: The utilization of tensiomyograph for measuring muscle imbalances of men in artistic gymnastics. Objectives: The goal of the study is through utilization of tensiomyograph determinate commonly occuring phenomenona in musculoskeletal system in mens artistic gymnastics. Methods: This is a pilot study. Data were collected with tensiomyograph. Research was done through qualitative mapping of 10 probands. Five muscles on the upper part of the body were measured on each side - 10 muscles total. Results: Percentage if recommended activities is as follows: 39% of stretching exercises, 26% of activation exercises, 3% of strength exercises. Muscles with standard physiological properties account for 32% of the whole representation Total lateral symmetry of each muscle is in the range of 6.4%. The highest lateral symmetry was achieved by the muscle biceps brachii with 86.5% and the lowest latissmus dorsi with 80.1%. The right and left elbows have an average functional lateral symmetry with 75% right elbow and 78.1% left elbow. Keywords: tensiomyograf, artistic gymnastics, physiology, lateral symmetry
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