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Assessing the impact of attendance on the selected caves using GIS
Kukla, Jaroslav ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Frouz, Jan (referee)
Caves are valuable sites from geological , palaeontological and biological point of view. They are important biotopes of rare and endangered species. Their ecosystem is quite specific and often very independent on environment. Therefore, the caves since the beginning of science have been the subject of research , and gradually also the subject of protection. Caves can also be very attractive objects of interest of tourism. In the Czech Republic there are 14 open to the public karst caves that have regulated attendance, and their access time is subordinated to the interests of nature conservation. On the other hand, there are also a number of caves that are not secured in any way and may be a target of unregulated tourism. This dissertation discusses the evaluation and the impact of attendance on non-karst caves in the National Nature Reserve Canyon Labe, which are freely accessible. I divided the work into three parts. In the first part I dealt with quantifying the attendance of all caves in the area of interest, On the basis of collected data, I made a selection of caves , which I later focused on. In the second part of my work I focused on obtaining information about the visitors and their motivations using public inquiry survey in selected caves, In the third part I tried to analyze the impact...
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Caves and their legal protection
Chvátalová, Eva ; Damohorský, Milan (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis aims at Czech legislation related to conservation of caves both in terms of its link to the protection of caves as subterranean spaces and parts of the natural environment and of its relation to other fields of expertise, including legal studies (e.g., mining law) and other disciplines (e.g., geology, carsology). First, our attention is paid to definition of the term "cave" and to links of the term to natural sciences. Further, we analyse the development of legal conservation of caves and approaches to caves as a subject of legislation per se. The example of Slovenia - being a prominent speleological country with recognized legislation in terms of its quality and detail - is used in order to compare Czech approaches to cave conservation. Concerning the practical issues, we present an example of conservation effort devoted to one single cave in Czechia, which enables to describe functioning of legal conservation tools, including the themes where these tools overlap. We also present and discuss the only one Czech case-law dealing with the legal aspect of caves.
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Taxonomy, diversity and clinical relevance of the genus Aspergillus
Hubka, Vít ; Kolařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Labuda, Roman (referee) ; de Beer, Wilhelm (referee)
Aspergillus is a speciose genus encompassing nearly 400 species that has significant economic impacts on human health, the food industry, biotechnology and pharmacology. The research included in this thesis focuses on current issues related to the generic concept, subgeneric classification and species delimitation in Aspergillus. It addresses the need for revisions of several sections or species complexes. It provides novel information regarding etiology of aspergillosis as well as the antifungal susceptibilities of several less common opportunistic pathogens. The taxonomic section of the thesis contributes to the taxonomic stability and the new concept of the genus Aspergillus, which changed in response to the discontinuation of dual nomenclature in fungi. Sufficient arguments were collected (e.g., verification of monophyly, unifying phenotypic characters) for maintaining a broad concept of the genus and avoiding splitting it into several genera. All genera typified by sexual morphs and having Aspergillus asexual states were synonymized with Aspergillus and the appropriate names adopted; new combinations were made for teleomorphic species that lacked Aspergillus names. This thesis also contributed to infrageneric taxonomy of the genus via the proposal of four new sections in the subg. Circumdati,...
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Microscopic fungi in caves and other underground shelters
Horáková, Karolína ; Kubátová, Alena (advisor) ; Hujslová, Martina (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is meant as a literature search concerned with diversity of microscopic fungi in caves, prospectively in underground spaces which were made by humankind. The caves represent unique environment for living organisms which is characteristic with specific microclimatic conditions and with deficient sources of nutrients. I have concentrated my focus to micromycetes which were isolated from sediments, atmosphere, dead insect and excrements in caves. The next part of my Bachelor thesis is aimed at species Geomyces destructans which causes so called white-nose syndrome illness - geomycosis on hibernating bats. It is an actual problem which interests scientists such as mycologists, zoologists and parasitologists.
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Actinobacteria communities in natural and anthropogenic environments
Faitová, Andrea ; Marečková, Markéta (advisor) ; Slaninová Kyselková, Martina (referee) ; Yurado Lobo, Valme (referee)
10 Abstract Actinobacteria are important bacterial group participating in various ecosystem processes particularly in the decomposition of complex organic compounds. Their abilities enable them to surviving in harsh conditions of oligotrophic habitats like lakes, deserts, cave walls or recalcitrant and resistant litter in soil, where Actinobacteria often dominate. Although certain biotic and abiotic factors were recognized to modulate Actinobacteria incidence in such habitats, the influence of anthropogenic pressure on their communities is scarcely known. The main objective of this thesis is therefore to determine differences of Actinobacteria communities under the direct (the human visitors changing microenvironment of caves, part 1) and indirect (climate change factors like altered precipitation or plant litter quality, part 2) anthropogenic influence in two habitats, plant litter in soil and cave walls, where Actinobacteria play important roles and dominate. In a first part of the thesis we monitored Actinobacteria communities in French limestone caves walls differently affected by humans (pristine versus anthropized caves). For identification of important species like potential pathogens or pigments producing Actinobacteria using amplicon sequencing of environmental DNA (Illumina MiSeq), we firstly used...
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Sanatorium with speleotherapy for children in Ostrov u Macochy
Promna, Denisa ; Odvárka, Antonín (referee) ; Žalmanová, Petra (advisor)
The main idea was to choose a child as a measure of design. Immerse yourself in his world and his perception of space - keep in mind his needs. What did the place where he would be able to recover from respiratory problems look like? Was she in the hospital? What kind of room was that? What was that for? place? Did nature play any meaning in that? Would you like to go back there? How does she remember him? The aim was to create a place that resembles the hospital environment as little as possible, is in direct contact with nature and attracts to get to know it more. The stay in the hospital should be more reminiscent of spending holidays at school in nature. How to avoid austere hospital premises? Is there such a guide at all? Should I draw inspiration elsewhere? Where do we go to gain strength from everyday worries? In nature, of course. And how does this need translate into architecture? And we have at all such architecture? The answer to the questions I asked was the cottage. House created for a stay in nature. But how to lift it to something richer and more interesting? There was something else that fascinated me as a child spending time in Luhačovice - the spa environment. How these two forms to connect?
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Jeskyně Na Turoldu - cíl turistů nebo atraktivita "mimoděk" ?
Opravilová, Lucie
This work is deal with turism in context of karst turism, concretely cave Na Turoldu. The aim of this work is prove or disprove hypothesis that cave Na Turoldu is additional attraction of Mikulov and area around. For the discovery of this task have been used quantitative research done by visitors of cave in 2015. Results of research are used in connection of all turism in Mikulov. Research for example shows that cave Na Turoldu need more promotion.
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Vliv ČOV na kvalitu vod v jeskynních systémech Moravském krasu
Poláček, Marek
Final thesis called Influence of wastewater treatment plant on water quality in caves systems in Moravian karst. In the first part is legislation list of requirements on wastewater treatment plant, description ongoing intensification on basin Jedovnický brook. In the second part are results from consumptions and comparing with similiar thesis, legislation requirements and norm. In the practical part was analyzed: temperature, oxygen, electrolytic conductivity, redox potential, hydrogen exponent, biochemical oxygen consumption, chemical oxygen consumption, nitrates
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Cave maps and their symbols in publications Speleo and Speleofórum
Benešová, Karolína ; Kratochvíl, Radim (referee) ; Weigel, Josef (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to tackle the problem of map symbols used in maps of caves, cave systems and similar naturally created landforms. Two publications dealing with this issue were analyzed, namely the anthology Speleo and Speleofórum. For the Speleo magazine, it was 74 issues published between 1990–2019 and for the Speleofórum magazine 23 issues published in the years 1989–2019. In total, more than 1,000 maps and their map symbols were recorded. I total it was 264 and 340 symbols for the Speleo anthology and the Speleoforum respectively. Subsequently, the symbols were sorted into categories and digitalized. Only a fraction of the maps included a legend, and therefore the meaning of used symbols had to be identified in the text the respective article. Maps with key have become more common in the last five years, thanks to more affordable digital technologies such as Therion, which automatically provides a unified legend.
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Childern´s Sanatorium Ostrov u Macochy
Vencovská, Tereza ; Kotek, arch Jakub (referee) ; Odvárka, Antonín (advisor)
This master’s thesis was prepared as an architectural study on the topic of Childern's sanatorium Ostrov u Macochy. It proposes design of a new children’s treatment centre that uses the nearby Císařská Cave for speleotherapeutic treatment. The municipality of Ostrov u Macochyis in the district of Blansko. The new building is located on the outskirts of the village surrounded by the nature of the protected area CHKO Moravský kras, the terrain is sloping and oriented to the south. These are the main attributes that the object uses and adapts to.The treatment centre operates in a single building with two main floors. The ground floor has space for commercial use, entrance hall, medical, rehabilitation and administrative part, kitchen and facilities for speleotherapy and operation of the treatment centre. The first floor is dedicated to children. One half of the first floor consists of playing areas and rooms for accommodated children and separate rooms for children accommodated with their parents. In the second half of the first floor there is an elementary school with three classrooms, a dining room and a caretaker's apartment. Thanks to the terrain, it is possible to enter the atrium and the garden with sports grounds from the entire first floor. This creates a connection between the interior and surrounding nature. The construction system of the building is mostly brick, supplemented by reinforced concrete columns, sprayed forms of prestressed ceiling slabs, the roof is flat green. The main idea of the urban solution is to create serious looking building connected with nature, which will respect the sloping terrain and the surrounding buildings. The architectural solution is based on a simple cubic U-shaped form, partially embedded in the terrain. The mass forms the atrium. The dominant feature of the facade are coloured shielding slats, which prevent the building from overheating. These slats also appear elsewhere on the facade and children can play
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