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Local hydrogeology of the PLA Blanský les
Čečka, Jan ; Ondovčin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Čurda, Jan (referee)
The protected landscape area of Blanský forest is located in the region of South Bohemia, 12 kilometres south-west from the town of České Budějovice. Its geological environment consists of the granulite massif Blanský forest including a lot of bodies of ultramafic rocks - serpentinised peridotites, then we find gneisses of varied unit of Český Krumlov with many different types of rocks - crystalline limestones (marbles), amphibolites, quartzites and graphitic parts. This bachelor thesis aims to sum up as much hydrogeological data and knowledge about the area as possible. It presents characteristics of the hydrogeological environment like disposition of rocks to transport groundwater due to the influence of weathering, fissured zones and tectonic deformation. In its next part this thesis quantifies the hydraulic properties of present rocks by the number of the order of transmissivity magnitude Y and compares these results from pumping tests with theoretical opinions mentioned above. It also considers chemical and physical properties of qroundwater, the influence of mining and the water resources treatment. There are presented field data from hydrogeological mapping too. As the last part of this thesis, hydraulic and other data from hydrogeological boreholes which have been drilled until this time...
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Artificial recharge of watewater in small catchments
Pleskotová, Nikola ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The main objective of the thesis is to study artificial wastewater recharge in the area of Řevničov and reassessment of related problems such as groundwater chemical changes, colmatage, and unfavorable legislation in the Czech Republic. Individual chapters describe the experience with the above mentioned topic in the Czech Republic, but classifies it into the global context. The major part of the thesis focuses on the assessment of the qualitative and quantitative impacts of wastewater artificial recharge in the geological environment. These conclusions are drawn from monitoring changes of groundwater quality, which are controlled on the network of monitoring boreholes in the Řevničov experimental catchment. The natural attenuation of geological environment has considerable impact to final composition of contaminated water, which is compared to legal limits of underground and potable water in Czech Republic. In the research area several tracing tests were also applied, with the aim of proving the expected flow of wastewater into monitoring borehole. The obtained data specify the situation in the area of interest, or may serve as a source of information for future studies dealing with similar topics. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Thermal relations leading to the formation of gaseous phase within the ice covering lakes and ponds
Hrubá, Jolana ; Kletetschka, Günther (advisor) ; Dědeček, Petr (referee)
When cutting an ice from lakes and ponds gaseous phase displays often ubiquitous bubble textures along the ice thickness. The occurrence of bubbles (enclosures filled with the gas) in ice relates to a content of the dissolved gas in the lake/pond water prior to freezing over the surface. When water freezes, dissolved gases are rejected and redistributed at the ice-water interface, depending on the saturation ratio between the gas and water. If the concentration of dissolved gases surpasses a critical value (as freezing progresses), the water at the interface becomes supersaturated, and gas bubbles nucleate and grow to a visible size along the interface. The bubbles generated at the ice-water interface are either incorporated into the ice crystal as the ice-water interface advances, thus forming gas pores in the ice, or released from the interface. If there is incorporation or release is determined by several factors. The bubbles nucleated at the advancing ice-water interface may be characterized by concentration, shape, and size, which depend on growth rate of ice, the amount of gases dissolved in water, and the particulate content of water. This work focused on the relation between growth rates of the ice and the occurrence of bubbles in the pond ice. I monitored the temperature of the ice formed...
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Flooding of the Hamr I mine and evaluation of the geological structure impact on the hydrogeological conditions in the northeastern part of Stráž block
Rozman, David ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
The main objective of diploma thesis is to evaluate the impact of the geological structure on the hydrogeological conditions in the northeastern part of Stráž block. The study area in northern Bohemia is characterised by Cenomanian and Turonian sandstone aquifers, which are horizontally divided by Lower Turonian aquitard. The thesis focuses groundwater level analysis and study hydrogeological impacts of faults, neovolcanic veins and disturbances of rock environment caused by uranium mining. First part of the study presents description of general geological and hydrogeological conditions in the area with summary of previous investigations and reports. Various hydraulic interventions during mining, which have great impact on the groundwater level situation are described. Based on the data from collected boreholes, contour maps of groundwater level are prepared to study its shape and temporal changes. Hydraulic communication through aquitard and through Stráž fault zone have been examined by correlations of groundwater levels. The results of the study confirm sealing effect of Stráž fault zone in the examined section. Barrier effect of the neovolcanic veins has been confirmed on several locations and examples of increased hydraulic conductivity as the result of fault disturbances have been located....
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Flow pattern and hydraulic response propagation in selected caves of Moravian Karst
Kůrková, Iva ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Knížek, Martin (referee)
This thesis is divided into two parts. The first one is focused on tracer tests carried out in several karst conduits in the Moravian Karst. Several conduits were tracer repeatedly during different discharges. Flow velocity, flow cross section area, longitudinal dispersivity and Peclet number were plotted against discharge for each studied conduit. Based on this comparison of parameters I deduced characteristics of karst conduits for example presence of phreatic channel or vadose channel or multiple channels. I also focused on comparison of my results with publications dealing with the same subject elsewhere in the world. Second part of the thesis is based on measurements of water stage, dischargeand temperature by pressure transducers at inlet and outlet points of karst conduit logged in 10 minutes interval. The goal was to find a relation between the velocity of hydraulic response propagation and discharge. Unfortunately, results show no correlation because there are probably more parameters influencing the velocity such as ratio of vadose/phreatic segments which may change rapidly during flood events.
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Study of vadose zone in northern part of Moravian Karst
Gregorová, Anita ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Kamas, Jiří (referee)
This study is focused on the flow through the uppermost part of the unsaturated zone in karstified areas. The information about distribution of transit times and chemical reactions taking place in the unsaturated zone is based on isotopic and chemical composition of cave dripwaters, precipitations and water caught by gravitation lysimeters. The water balance was calculated using measurements of intensity of dripwaters and amounts of water caught by lysimeters and rain gauges. The velocity of a hydraulic shockwave between monitored objects was also estimated according to the delay between significant precipitation event and dripwater intensity increase. The field study took place in the Němcova 1 cave in the northern part of Moravian Karst, near the village Suchdol. It was carried out during the hydrological year 2010/2011. The cave is about 13 m under the surface. The information about composition of overlaying rock above the cave was obtained using geoelectrical and electromagnetic measurements. Studied geological environment is built of 0.5 - 1.5 m of soil, 0.5 - 3.5 m of epikarst and a layer of massive limestone as thick as 10 m. About 70 to 90 % of dripwaters have residence time over 4 years. The distribution of transit time of younger water can be described using the exponencial model (well...
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Hydrology of Amateur cave and sinking streams focused on tracer tests
Gregorová, Anita ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Vojtěchová, Anna (referee)
This study briefly summarizes methodology of tracer studies in karst areas (the way how they were carried out and their evaluation). Second part of the study specifies geological, hydrogeological and hydrological situation of the area of interest - northern part of the Moravian Karst, surroundings of Sloup - using available literature on that topic. Description of the area was completed with field measurements done by the author. Their results can be used as a basis for possible future surveys.
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Geochemical, mineralogical and stable isotopes aspects of natural attenuation processes of petroleum hydrocarbons
Topinková, Barbora ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Holoubek, Ivan (referee) ; Černík, Miroslav (referee)
1 Ústav hydrogeologie, inženýrské geologie a užité geofyziky Přírodovědecké fakulty Univerzity Karlovy Geochemické, mineralogické a izotopické aspekty procesů přirozené atenuace ropných uhlovodíků autoreferát disertační práce Mgr. Barbora Topinková Praha, 2010 2 Lokalita Hněvice leží cca 50 km SZ od Prahy, v blízkosti Roudnice nad Labem. Od r. 1943 se tu nachází velkosklad pohonných hmot, který díky havarijním únikům skladovaných motorových olejů, leteckého benzínu a nafty způsobil ve studovaném území rozsáhlou ekologickou zátěž. Kontaminace lokality má směsný charakter a kromě BTEX je tvořena směsí dalších aromatických uhlovodíků, především trimethylbenzenem a ethyltoluenem. Kontaminační mrak o rozloze cca 0,7 km2 je vázán na kvartérní štěrkopískový kolektor a koncentrace ropných uhlovodíků zde dosahuje až 9 mg/l a 8 800mg/kg. Vzhledem k povaze kontaminantu (LNAPL's) se nejvýznamnější podíl znečištění nachází ve svrchní části kolektoru při hladině podzemní vody a cca 2 m pod ní a směrem k bázi kolektoru klesá koncentrace ropných uhlovodíků až k pozaďovým hodnotám. Zájmová část lokality Hněvice studovaná v rámci této disertační práce a mezinárodního projektu CORONA byla vzhledem k ostatním podobným studiím provedeným na jiných lokalitách ve světě (např. Beminji, Vejen, Banisveld) netypicky umístěna na...
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