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Water management issues of Aral Sea
Chupík, Jan ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
In the introducion of this seminar paper author deals with former natural conditions of Aral lake. It focuses on climatic conditions, morphology, hydrology and local land use situation.Because the region of Central Asia has been historically wedged between the three empires, it is also appropriate to describe closer the historical and political development of the region. The focus of the thesis is to analyze the causes of hydrological changes, when the desertification of Aral Lake has a catastrophic impact on the ecosystem and human society in the region. The return of Aral Lake to the situation sixty years ago is, unfortunately, unrealistic, but various remedial measures are being implemented to improve the situation as much as possible. The goal is to make the most of the situation. This is also done through various international projects. Therefore, the vision of the future development of the region around Aral Lake is outlined. There are also similar cases in the world, most notably the Dead Sea. The work concluded that at least some hope for recovery unfortunately only has the northern part of Aral's lake, while the southern part is probably lost forever.
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Pharmaceuticals issues in groundwaters
Šrot, Martin ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
Main objective of the diploma thesis was to observe the concentrations of selected types of drugs in the environment around the area of the village Horní Beřkovice. This goal was achieved by monitoring of the drugs concentration in surface and ground waters at Horní Beřkovice site. Monitoring system allowed to detect the passage of pollution from the source of the contamination, through sewage treatment plant, the unsaturated zone and aquifer to a potential user of contaminated groundwater. The diploma thesis is based on the field data from TACR project. I have analyzed data from the six samplings at the area of the village Horní Beřkovice with regard to the observed drugs or their residues in surface and ground waters. I have compared the results with data from the sewage treatment plants in the river basin of Želivka. Keywords: ground water, surface water, sewage treatment plant, drugs, contamination
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Local hydrogeology of the PLA Blanský les
Čečka, Jan ; Ondovčin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Čurda, Jan (referee)
The protected landscape area of Blanský forest is located in the region of South Bohemia, 12 kilometres south-west from the town of České Budějovice. Its geological environment consists of the granulite massif Blanský forest including a lot of bodies of ultramafic rocks - serpentinised peridotites, then we find gneisses of varied unit of Český Krumlov with many different types of rocks - crystalline limestones (marbles), amphibolites, quartzites and graphitic parts. This bachelor thesis aims to sum up as much hydrogeological data and knowledge about the area as possible. It presents characteristics of the hydrogeological environment like disposition of rocks to transport groundwater due to the influence of weathering, fissured zones and tectonic deformation. In its next part this thesis quantifies the hydraulic properties of present rocks by the number of the order of transmissivity magnitude Y and compares these results from pumping tests with theoretical opinions mentioned above. It also considers chemical and physical properties of qroundwater, the influence of mining and the water resources treatment. There are presented field data from hydrogeological mapping too. As the last part of this thesis, hydraulic and other data from hydrogeological boreholes which have been drilled until this time...
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Artificial recharge of watewater in small catchments
Pleskotová, Nikola ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The main objective of the thesis is to study artificial wastewater recharge in the area of Řevničov and reassessment of related problems such as groundwater chemical changes, colmatage, and unfavorable legislation in the Czech Republic. Individual chapters describe the experience with the above mentioned topic in the Czech Republic, but classifies it into the global context. The major part of the thesis focuses on the assessment of the qualitative and quantitative impacts of wastewater artificial recharge in the geological environment. These conclusions are drawn from monitoring changes of groundwater quality, which are controlled on the network of monitoring boreholes in the Řevničov experimental catchment. The natural attenuation of geological environment has considerable impact to final composition of contaminated water, which is compared to legal limits of underground and potable water in Czech Republic. In the research area several tracing tests were also applied, with the aim of proving the expected flow of wastewater into monitoring borehole. The obtained data specify the situation in the area of interest, or may serve as a source of information for future studies dealing with similar topics. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Thermal relations leading to the formation of gaseous phase within the ice covering lakes and ponds
Hrubá, Jolana ; Kletetschka, Günther (advisor) ; Dědeček, Petr (referee)
When cutting an ice from lakes and ponds gaseous phase displays often ubiquitous bubble textures along the ice thickness. The occurrence of bubbles (enclosures filled with the gas) in ice relates to a content of the dissolved gas in the lake/pond water prior to freezing over the surface. When water freezes, dissolved gases are rejected and redistributed at the ice-water interface, depending on the saturation ratio between the gas and water. If the concentration of dissolved gases surpasses a critical value (as freezing progresses), the water at the interface becomes supersaturated, and gas bubbles nucleate and grow to a visible size along the interface. The bubbles generated at the ice-water interface are either incorporated into the ice crystal as the ice-water interface advances, thus forming gas pores in the ice, or released from the interface. If there is incorporation or release is determined by several factors. The bubbles nucleated at the advancing ice-water interface may be characterized by concentration, shape, and size, which depend on growth rate of ice, the amount of gases dissolved in water, and the particulate content of water. This work focused on the relation between growth rates of the ice and the occurrence of bubbles in the pond ice. I monitored the temperature of the ice formed...
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Hydrochemical and hydrogeological assessment of spring waters in the western Lusatian Mountains and Zittau Basin
Palkovičová, Veronika ; Komínková, Dana (advisor) ; Kamil, Kamil (referee)
The bachelor thesis was conducted within the project "Springs connect landscapes and countries - environmental education and cooperation in the Liberec - Zittau region". The studied area is located along border of the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany, in the region of the former Sudetenland. The area encompasses two sea drainage basins and four geological units, resulting in a diverse landscape morpholgy with various types of groundwater.
From March until December 2016, field measurements and water sampling were carried out on selected springs in the western part of the Liberec - Zittau region. Basic physical-chemical parametres (temperature, pH-value, electrical conductivity, redox-potential, dissolved oxygen and, if possible, discharge) were determinee on the field. Water samples were collected and processed in the laboratory. Concentrations of most anions (SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, PO43-, ...) were measured by Ion Chromatograph (Dionex ICS-1100). Cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Al3+, K+, ...) were measured by inductively coupled plasma with optical emission or mass spectrometry (ICP-OES, ICP-MS), depending on the expected concentration.
The measured data was averaged and sorted into four geological categories according to the geological map (crystalline complex, cretaceous, quaternary sediments, volcanites). Data were further evaluated using the demo version of the commercially available AquaChem hydrochemical software (Piper and Stiff diagram) as well as in the statistical program R. The average concentrations in most springs confirmed the attribution to the particular geological settings, however, some springs reveal a significant affect by agricultural activity. From the graphical representation of the concentration of selected ions in the spring water, it is also evident that the Quaternary sediments of the Zittau basin were likely formed from the surrounding crystalline.
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Flooding of the Hamr I mine and evaluation of the geological structure impact on the hydrogeological conditions in the northeastern part of Stráž block
Rozman, David ; Datel, Josef (advisor) ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (referee)
The main objective of diploma thesis is to evaluate the impact of the geological structure on the hydrogeological conditions in the northeastern part of Stráž block. The study area in northern Bohemia is characterised by Cenomanian and Turonian sandstone aquifers, which are horizontally divided by Lower Turonian aquitard. The thesis focuses groundwater level analysis and study hydrogeological impacts of faults, neovolcanic veins and disturbances of rock environment caused by uranium mining. First part of the study presents description of general geological and hydrogeological conditions in the area with summary of previous investigations and reports. Various hydraulic interventions during mining, which have great impact on the groundwater level situation are described. Based on the data from collected boreholes, contour maps of groundwater level are prepared to study its shape and temporal changes. Hydraulic communication through aquitard and through Stráž fault zone have been examined by correlations of groundwater levels. The results of the study confirm sealing effect of Stráž fault zone in the examined section. Barrier effect of the neovolcanic veins has been confirmed on several locations and examples of increased hydraulic conductivity as the result of fault disturbances have been located....
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Flow pattern and hydraulic response propagation in selected caves of Moravian Karst
Kůrková, Iva ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Knížek, Martin (referee)
This thesis is divided into two parts. The first one is focused on tracer tests carried out in several karst conduits in the Moravian Karst. Several conduits were tracer repeatedly during different discharges. Flow velocity, flow cross section area, longitudinal dispersivity and Peclet number were plotted against discharge for each studied conduit. Based on this comparison of parameters I deduced characteristics of karst conduits for example presence of phreatic channel or vadose channel or multiple channels. I also focused on comparison of my results with publications dealing with the same subject elsewhere in the world. Second part of the thesis is based on measurements of water stage, dischargeand temperature by pressure transducers at inlet and outlet points of karst conduit logged in 10 minutes interval. The goal was to find a relation between the velocity of hydraulic response propagation and discharge. Unfortunately, results show no correlation because there are probably more parameters influencing the velocity such as ratio of vadose/phreatic segments which may change rapidly during flood events.
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