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Vliv přídavku dvou forem zinku v dietě na vybrané parametry metabolické odezvy organizmu krav
Balabánová, Marie
In the first experiment we verified methodical procedure for conducting an experiment in the experimental stable of Mendel University in Brno in Zabcice. Further at work we observed the influence feeding two forms of zinc (inorganic -- zinc oxide and organic -- zinc bonded to methionine) on digestibility of basic nutrients of diets, on blood parameters and body condition as indicator of monitored dairy cows health. Dairy cows were observed in transitional phase and during lactation. Dairy cows fed by diet with inorganic form of zinc (called group A), had average digestibility of crude protein, fat, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extracts and zinc lower than group with organic form of zinc in diet (called group O). For example group A had digestibility coefficient of crude protein 69.3 +- 7,80 % and zinc 60.4 +- 8.35 % during of the whole observation, while group O had digestibility coefficient of crude protein 75.0 +- 6.15 % and zinc 68.4 +- 5.57 %. Statistically significant differences are shown in the number of red blood cells (RBC) - group A had before calving, on day of calving, on 30th and on 60th day after calving statistically significantly higher (P <0.01) levels of RBC than group O, which had an effect on the value of hematocrit in the same period (P <0.05 and P <0.01) and hemoglobin on the day of calving and on 60th day after calving (P <0.05). Average daily intake of dairy cows were almost same. We observed lower decrease weight and body condition of dairy cows (group O). Group A decreased weight from 744.4 kg before calving on 610.8 kg on 60th day after calving compared to group O from 732.8 kg (before calving) on 646.9 kg (60th day after calving). It average fall condition about 0.8 BCS (group A), while only about 0.5 BCS (group O).
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Vliv minerálních látek (měď, zinek) na růst a minerální složení kožních derivátů a krevní plazmy koní
Jančíková, Petra
The aim of this study was to investigate factors of mineral nutrition influencing growth and composition of skin derivates and their content in blood plasma of horses. The thesis describes three experiments carried out on Czech warm blood breed horses on Boudky farm, Velké Němčice. In the first experiment was analysed the effect of fed supplement mixture -- vitamins, methionine and organic form of zinc and copper -- on growth rate and mineral composition of hoof horn and hairs and level of trace elements in blood plasma. The effects of copper and zinc in their organic and inorganic form on parameters above were evaluated in the second and third experiment. The addition of supplement mixture to experimental group led to significant increasing (P<0.01) level of zinc in dry matter of hoof horn from 95.82 +- 8.96 mg.kg-1 to 117.73 +- 10.23 mg.kg-1 and copper (P<0.05) from 2.39 +- 0.75 mg.kg-1 to 4.06 +- 1.14 mg.kg-1 during the first experiment. No differences were found between initial and final levels of minerals in hairs. In the second experiment, mares receiving copper sulphate deposited significant higher (P<0.01) copper level into hairs 17.39 +- 2.32 mg.kg-1 than the mares of control group 13.37 +- 1.82 mg.kg-1. The results of mares receiving copper in organic form did not significantly differ from the previous two groups. There was found out significantly decreased (P<0.05) levels of zinc content in dry matter of hair from 153.56 +- 10.46 mg.kg-1 to 139.68 +- 7.09 mg.kg-1 in the mares receiving of zinc oxide and in the mares of control group from 154.59 +- 17.03 mg.kg-1 to 136.33 +- 6.96 mg.kg-1 (P<0.05) during experiment. The growth rate of skin derivates was influenced only by using supplement mixture -- vitamins, methionine and organic form of zinc and copper and was not influenced with individual application of copper or zinc. Growth rate of hoof horn in the mares receiving this supplement was significantly higher (P<0.01) about 22.31 % than in the animals of control group. The same results was found in the mane hairs (P<0.01). The growth rate of hairs was about 15.37 % higher in the horses from experimental group than from the control one.
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Využití rozdílných forem zinku u odstavených selat
Hromádková, Vladana
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of zinc in weaned piglets. It describes the need for zinc in the body and its activity for individual organ functions. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the importance of zinc in weaning, when zinc helps us in solving diarrheal diseases. Unfortunately, zinc also has a negative side, namely that it has a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, it was banned from feeding in farms since 2022. This ban will cause a lot of inconvenience to breeders, and therefore an alternative was sought and the use of zinc in the form of its nanoparticles was offered, which, however, asks us a lot of questions about the action, influence and especially the impact of feeding zinc oxide nanoparticles. The aim of this work was to answer all these questions and outline the possibilities of using zinc nanoparticles in agriculture and its individual industries.
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Agronomická biofortifikace hrachu setého zinkem
Křivan, Tomáš
The purpose of this diploma thesis was in a small-plot two years-long experiment in ŠPZ Žabčice observing the effect of a foliar application of zinc on the yield and volume zinc in the seeds of three cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum). The zinc was applicated in amount 300 g/ha in the course of vegetation period in evolutionary phase, in height cover 25 centimetre in a different forms: (ZnSO4), oxide zinc (ZnO), chelate of zinc (Zn-EDTA) and nano zinc (Zn-nano). The effect of zinc application on the yield of pea seeds has an impact only in culti-var Protecta in year 2018. The yield of seeds of this cultivar increased about 16 % after the application oxid zinc. From the point of view at final volume zinc in seeds the cultivar Eso reacted better. The final volume increased about 7 % after application ZnSO4 and ZnO. The biggest increase of yield was in cultivar Protecta, Eso and Abarth, after application ZnSO4 in year 2019. The average increase of yield was from 7 % to 18 %. The best reacting cultivar to increase of volume zinc in seeds was Abarth after the application ZnSO4. The increase was 6,4 %. The best economical result was reached at cultivar Protecta after application ZnO in year 2018 and after application ZnSO4 in year 2019. At cultivar Eso the economical increase of sales wasn´t reached in year 2018. In 2019 the sales increased the most after application ZnSO4.
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Analýza vybraných biologicky významných prvků v produktech ze skořápkových plodů
Bajerová, Lucie
The diploma thesis deals with an analysis of selected biologically significant chemical elements in nut products. In the theoretical part, nuts are characterized and different species of nuts are described. Another part of the thesis is focused on products called peanut and nut butters, their history, the manufacturing technology and their ingredients. Selected nutrients – zinc, copper and iron are also described. The practical part deals with an analysis of 26 samples of nut butters and spreads. The aim of the diploma thesis was to determinate zinc, copper and iron contents in these samples by using atomic absorption spectrometry. The highest content of zinc and copper was found in a cashew butter. The highest iron content was detected in a hazelnut chocolate spread. The lowest amounts of all three analyzed microelements were found in a sample of chestnut puree, in which sugar was predominant in the composition.
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The issue of high-risk micronutrients, specifically calcium, vitamin D, and zinc in children on vegan and vegetarian diets
Březinová, Barbora ; Heniková, Marina (advisor) ; Selinger, Eliška (referee)
Veganism and vegetarianism are among the dietary trends with increasing popularity. As one of the diets that excludes a certain food group, the risk of deficiencies of certain nutrients in the diet needs to be addressed. For children, these deficiencies may be even more risky. This thesis focuses on selected potentially risky nutrients whose levels have been investigated in the paediatric population. Aims: The aim of this thesis was to assess whether there are differences in blood levels of zinc, calcium and vitamin D between vegetarians, vegans and omnivores. A secondary aim was then also to compile recommendations for parents in the form of an educational leaflet with information on dietary information for vegetarianism and veganism with regard to zinc, calcium and vitamin D. Methodology: The data used in this thesis were collected as part of the first phase of the KOMPAS study. Whole families eating a homogeneous diet, either vegan, vegetarian or omnivorous participated in the study. For the purpose of this thesis, laboratory blood tests, submitted diets, data on age, weight, height and supplementation used were used. A total of 130 children aged 6 months to 12 years were processed. These children were divided into 4 age groups according to diet type, gender and age, and the levels of the...
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Interaction of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone with physiological metals
Streďanská, Aneta ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (advisor) ; Červený, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Aneta Streďanská Supervisor: prof. Přemysl Mladěnka, Pharm.D., PhD. Consultant: Zuzana Lomozová, Pharm.D., PhD. Title of thesis: Interactions of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone with physiological metals 7,8-dihydroxyflavone belongs to the phenolic substances collectively referred to as flavonoids. Flavonoids are bioactive components abundantly distributed in the daily diet with the ability to modulate health and disease through miscellaneous mechanisms including their antioxidant activity. However, they can also exhibit prooxidative effects under certain conditions. Due to this fact, which is related to individual factors, i.e. presence of various substitutions on the flavonoid come, it is therefore essential to understand the redox behavior based on the relationship between structure and effect and to understand their physiological, pharmacological and thus also potential toxic properties. The interaction with physiological metals is determined by the structure of the molecule through the dihydroxy moiety in positions 7 and 8. These mentioned metals are essential for many biochemical processes in biological systems. Their homeostasis is strictly regulated in the human body and disruption of this...
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Influence of alloying elements on the solubility of titanium in magnesium alloys
Matocha, Martin ; Buchtík, Martin (referee) ; Březina, Matěj (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis examines the influence of alloying elements on the solubility of titanium in magnesium alloys. In the theoretical part, a literature review was conducted on the topics of the creation, composition, processing, and brief analysis possibilities of magnesium alloys, with an emphasis on the potential for alloying magnesium alloys with titanium. The experimental part focused on the preparation of systems with various compositions to achieve the integration of titanium into the magnesium alloy. After preparation of the samples of the given systems, their analysis was performed using SEM/EDS and XRD. Based on the ongoing results of the samples analysis, efforts were made to optimize the holding time of the samples of the given system at a temperature of 905°C. It was found that during the stabilization of the modification of titanium, it is possible to achieve mixing of titanium, zinc, and magnesium. The condition for the formation of the modification of titanium is the highest possible temperature allowed by the system. However, the temperature must exceed at least 881°C. The stability of the modification of titanium is also supported by the absence of alloying elements that promote the stability of the modification of titanium. The mixture of elements in the aforementioned system has not yet been described in the scientific literature.
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Analysis of hazardous metals in rPET granulate
Souček, Elena ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
Production of polymer products has increased rapidly in recent decades. Especially in food industry as a packaging it gained a dominant position when it replaced previously used materials. Due to the direct risk for human health it is necessary to be careful and pay attention to their composition. It is also necessary to develop methods to properly recycle and reuse already used material, not only produce new products. This thesis deals with the study of the content of risk elements in PET regranulate. The samples were completely decomposed by microwave radiation in an environment of concentrated sulfuric and nitric acid. They were subsequently analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Flame atomization technique (FAAS) was used to determine Sb and Zn and electrothermal atomization (ETAAS) to determine Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu and Ni. This method was also used to study migration of antimony from samples to food simulant under different conditions (temperature, pH). This thesis follows up on the thesis of Mrs. Kryštofová who studied recycled PET flakes.
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