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Studie a posouzení protierozních opatření v katastrálním území Záborná
BŮŽKOVÁ, Jana
The diploma thesis deals with an assessment of cadastral territory, which is going through a complex land consolidation. For these purposes, the cadastral area Záborná, that is located in the Vysočina Region, was selected. The main objective of this work is to compare the current state of the territory, in terms of erosion, with the area where the erosion control measures were proposed. Erosion will be calculated using by Wischmeier-Smith's universal soil loss equation. In this cadastral area, it will be necessary to assess in terms of climate, geology and hydrology.
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The soil erosion and maize growing in Czech Republic
KOMÍN, Jiří
The thesis was conducted balance the possibility of growing corn while fighting water and wind erosion. The results of the study of theoretical possibilities and practical impact for producers, particularly economic drilling can be recommended mainly erosion belts and mulch sowing maize. Both of these methods are effective, but it is necessary to supplement the correct procedure when setting up the stand of corn. The rule for stand establishment corn on the slopes of these three principles: corn crops sown along the contour, after sowing fundamentally dont roll and sown corn prefer deeper, at least 5cm. At sufficiently deep soil preparation (about 10 cm) gave, after sowing of maize plot different heights furrow which slow surface runoff of water and promote a better infiltration. At the same time, thanks to its larger surface ensures faster warming of the soil and thus faster germination of corn crops. As soil protection technology with significant erosion control effects can be recommended depending on specific soils shallow tillage with simultaneous defray organic matter to the soil followed by planting, sowing no- drill with disc coulters directly into the raw soil after the previous crop, or sowing / planting mulch crops or forecrop. Another option is sowing the main crop with undercrop in between rows (maize undercrop winter rye), or tape sowing untreated soil. Such as erosion control technology is also certified by the reduction of row spacing in corn.
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Protierozní opatření jako prvek ekologické stability krajiny
BAŤHOVÁ, Lucie
The topic of this thesis are erosion control measures as a device of ecological stability (of the landscape). As a region of interest the basin near Velký Ratmírov village, which lies in South Bohemian Regions in Jindřichův Hradec district, was chosen. For the calculations of soil loss values, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) developed by Wischmeier and Smith was used. For estates with above the threshold values of soil loss, the preventive anti-erosion measures as a crop rotation and diking (dyking) were suggested.
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Farmers perception of anti-erosion practices on arable land
Tyslová, Radka ; Braun Kohlová, Markéta (advisor) ; Pražan, Jaroslav (referee)
(in english): Modern agriculture faces soil erosion as one of its problems in the Czech Republic. Soil conservation practices are implemented to prevent erosion. This thesis reports on perception of the soil conservation practices by farmers themselves. Hypothesis of the research is based on declaration of organic farming in the Czech Republic: to specifically protect natural sources. Main research question is: Is there a difference in perception of soil conservation practices between certified organic farmers and farmers using conventional methods? As a concept to examine perception, this thesis uses the theory of planned behavior developed by Icek Ajzen. Results show that farmers' attitudes towards soil conservation practices in general are negative. Their attitudes can be explained by intermingling beliefs about erosion, the agriculture subsidy system and own soil quality. Specific practices are evaluated by other than anti-erosion effects. The farmers do not perceive social pressure from their peers to adopt soil conservation practices and their perceived control over adoption of a practice is low. Evaluating the level of difficulty of specific practices, smaller farmers feel substantial difficulties regarding financial issues. The results do not indicate a difference in perception of soil...
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Soil and terrain changes as a result of increased erosion and accumulation processes in selected locations
Votýpka, Jan ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Zádorová, Tereza (referee)
Soil and terrain changes as a result of increased erosion and accumulation processes in selected locations Abstract Colluvial soils are formed in areas with increased intensity of soil erosion. Colluvial soils originate as a result of their position in terrain, they are usually found in places where has accumulated erosion material. Very often they are to be found at the around of slopes. Their accumulation horizon is deeper than 25 cm with a great amount of organic carbon buried in it. In my diploma thesis I will attempt to take a closer look at three locations, each having different types of dominant soils. The aim of this diploma thesis is to rebuild the original shape of the terrain before the beginning of the soil erosion process. Keywords: colluvial soil, soil erosion, soil accumulation, land use, digital terrain model (DTM)
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The Quality of soil AND DEGRADATION OF SOILS. THE CASE - STUDY OF SOME ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Poništiak, Štefan ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Zádorová, Tereza (referee)
This diploma thesis inquires into the quality of the soils at 30 archaeological sites from the periods from Late Bronze Age to Early Bronze Age (1 250 - 450 BC). The aim of the thesis is to prove the dependence of the ratio of the cultivated cereals on the soil and other environmental factors in various regions. The secondary aim is the general observation of the changes, which could appear from this period until now. These changes are represented by the erosion, researched by various methods. The overview of the literature aims to the short description of the archaeological sources from the period, various approaches to the soil evaluation until present as well as information about the soil erosion and tools for its research. The conclusion of the thesis is that the ratio of the cultivated cereals depends mostly on the sea level, secondly on other environmental factors (included the soil quality). The results of the thesis are influenced by number of factors, discussed in the conclusion Keywords: soil quality, cereals, archaeological sites, perimeter of kilometre, soil erosion, late bronze age, early iron age
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VUMOP - 1601
Hanuš, Jan ; Fabiánek, Tomáš ; Pivovarník, Marek
The object of the hyperspectral campaign VUMOP 1601 was collect a new data from areas with significant affection of soil erosion and verified of the methods from campaign VUMOP 1601. During scanning was used whole spectral range of FLIS – Flying Laboratory of Imaging Spectroscopy. Selection of locality and term for aircraft scanning was established according of phenological phases and selected species of crops.\n\n
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Vyhodnocení erozní ohroženosti pozemků a návrh řešení na vybraném projektu komplexní pozemkové úpravy
HORNÍK, Jan
The thesis is focused on the evaluation of erosion risks and design solutions to selected comprehensive landscaping project. As a region of interest for the job is selected cadastral areas Rychnov u Nových Hradů and Dlouhá Stropnice, which lies in Region of South Budweis. For calculations of values is washed off using a universal soil loss equation by Wischmeier and Smith. The plots of erosion rate greater than the permissible quantity of proposed erosion control measures such as erosion control crop rotation, contour cultivation and erosion limits.
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Comparison of the effects of rain on the old and new rainfall simulator
Banzetová, Diana ; Vrba, Jan (referee) ; Milerski, Rudolf (advisor)
This dissertation is focused to modeling of the rainfall in laboratory conditions by the rainfall simulator invented in VUT Brno. Results of the measuring are compared with measured values of the original rainfall simulator located in VVU VSH VUT in Brno by the Kninicky village in 1976-1980. Dissertation verifies rightness of substituting the natural rain with the rainfall simulator on bare soil in the original location, kinetic energy of the rain drops is substituted with the energy gained from the weight of the drops - the flow. Generally the dissertation determines the possibilities of the rainfall simulator's current location.
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