|
|
Immune response of the paratenic host to Toxocara canis infection, possible influence on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Novák, Jan ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Fajfrlík, Karel (referee) ; Ditrich, Oleg (referee)
i Univerzita Karlova 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: Doktorské studijní programy v biomedicíně Studijní obor: Biochemie a patobiochemie RNDr. Jan Novák Imunitní odpověď paratenického hostitele na infekci Toxocara canis, možné ovlivnění průběhu experimentální autoimunitní encefalomyelitidy Immune response of the paratenic host to Toxocara canis infection, possible influence on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Abstrakt dizertační práce Školitel: prof. RNDr. Petr Horák, Ph.D. Konzultant: prof. RNDr. Libuše Kolářová, CSc. Praha, 2022 ii ABSTRACT The most complex interactions between host and infectious agent are generated during helminth infections, which represent a significant source of serious health problems worldwide. Because many helminths migrate after entering the host, these infections are characterized by the gradual development of a range of clinical symptoms. These are not only due to the damage to various organs but also to the modified host's immune response. The published studies show that, on the one hand, the immune response is stimulated in order to eliminate the parasite, but on the other hand, helminths possess a number of mechanisms that may lead to immune modulation and thus ensure their long-term survival in the host. An indirect consequence of such a...
|
|
|
The effect of Iyengar yoga practice on patients with multiple sclerosis
Vodičková, Jitka ; Ježková, Martina (advisor) ; Klimošová, Sylva (referee)
Bibliographical record VODIČKOVÁ, Jitka. The effect of Iyengar yoga practise on patients with multiple sclerosis. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2022. 220 p. Supervisor Mgr. Martina Ježková. Abstract This longitudinal clinical study examines the overall impact of Iyengar yoga practice on patients with multiple sclerosis rated 5.5-7.5 on the EDSS scale. The theoretical part outlines the issues of multiple sclerosis. Then the basic principles of yoga are introduced, and the various modifications of the postures used in yoga therapy in our study are described and illustrated. The paper outlines the mechanisms by which yoga can influence individual symptoms of multiple sclerosis. The practical part consists of case reports of five patients who attended Iyengar yoga sessions for three months and were followed up for a total of seven months. The aim was to clarify how the condition of patients with multiple sclerosis develops with the restriction or complete cessation of physical activity, what effect the practice of Iyengar yoga has on the patients and whether this effect persists for two months after the cessation of the practice. The second part focuses on the comparison of the change in the observed parameters in different patients with...
|
|
|
MRI mapping of brain iron deposition in patients with neurological diseases with a focus on multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica
Pudlač, Adam ; Burgetová, Andrea (advisor) ; Lisý, Jiří (referee) ; Ryška, Pavel (referee)
Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) often manifest similar symptoms. However, the distinction between the two diseases is particularly important for different therapies. The aim of this study is to determine whether these diseases can be distinguished based on cerebral iron deposits in the deep grey matter and whether there is a correlation between iron deposits, local deep grey matter atrophy and clinical severity of the disease. Methods: 40 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 20 patients with NMO and 20 healthy subjects were examined at the MRI department of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague from December 2013 to March 2015. All patients with RRMS fulfilled the revised McDonald criteria, the diagnosis of NMO was based on Wingerchuk criteria. All 20 patients with NMO had positive AQP4-IgG. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and volumometry of individual deep gray matter structures were performed. All patients with NMO and MS underwent simultaneous examination by a specialist in demyelinating diseases. Neurological disability was assessed by the Kurtzke Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Results: Patients with NMO have higher magnetic susceptibility values in the substantia nigra compared to healthy controls. Patients with RRMS...
|
|
|
Vliv pandemie Covidu-19 na pohybové aktivity u pacientů s roztroušenou sklerózou
BŘEZÍKOVÁ, Veronika
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on physical activities in patients with multiple sclerosis. The aim of this study was to describe how the emergency caused by the Covid-19 pandemic affected patients with multiple sclerosis. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used, which was provided to patiens with multiple sclerosis via social networks, especially Facebook, and via email communication. The results of this bachelor's thesis show that 52% of respondents were not affected by the physical activities of the Covidu-19 pandemic. In most patients, their physical fitness deteriorated or did not change during the Covid-19 pandemic, and only 8% improved their physical fitness. It also emerged that with each subsequent wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, the number of respondents who engaged in regular physical activity or exercise decreased more than before the Covid-19 pandemic. Almost half of the respondents (48%) stated that they do not go to regular physiotherapist therapies, so they could not notice any change here. Those who receive regular therapies stated in 98% that they did not notice any change in physiotherapy treatment. Only 2% discontinued therapy. This bachelor thesis can be used to acquaint the public with the disease multiple sclerosis. Also to acquaint the public with the related current situation of the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on the physical activities of patients with multiple sclerosis.
|
|
|
The analysis of aplication yoga on the mental state for a people with multiple sclerosis
SEDLÁČEK, Lukáš
The Bachelor thesis is focused on the effect of application yoga's exercises for the man with the multiple sclerosis. The effect of yoga's exercises to improve the mental state of man with multiple sclerosis. The theoretical part is aimed at multiple sclerosis, yoga, breathing techniques, physical activity and their affect to human body. Small group of volunteers with multiple sclerosis were chosen to do a yoga's exercise. The practical part is focused on yoga's exercises, the Profile of Mood states, done before and after workout. The data were put in MS Excel and the results are described in the graphs and tabs, where are compared with others thesis on the same theme. The results of this thesis approved that yoga's exercises have positive effect on a mental state of members with multiple sclerosis.
|
|
|
The Socioeconomic Consequences of Multiple Sclerosis
KRAJÍCOVÁ, Anna
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the socio-economic consequences of multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease that impacts the nervous system. This disease mainly disables people in productive years, therefore brings even socie-economic problems. In the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis is introduced to the disease themselves, then manifestation, process, and result. These factors have an impact on the social and work abilities of these people. The theoretical part also describes possibilities by financial support and contributions which can some of the patients use. area of social services is also described. The research part of the bachelor thesis is based on a quantitative methodology and a questionnaire survey was used. 151 people with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis participated in the study. The aim of the work was to find out the opinions and stance of respondents on the issue of disease in the socio-economic area and in their lives. and in this context, 4 hypotheses were selected and statistically tested. These hypotheses have not been confirmed by research.
|
|
|
"The Ambitious Women Illness" Gender Dimensions of Diagnostic Process of Multiple Sclerosis
Nejedlá, Adéla ; Sokolová, Věra (advisor) ; Kobová, Ĺubica (referee)
Diploma thesis analyses gendered dimensions pervading diagnostic process of multiple sclerosis based on semi structured interviews with women targeting their own lived experience and perspective. Theoretical part of this work introduces basic concepts and groundwork arising from previous research including the main and following topics. Starting with medical discourse and continuing with gender bias in medicine, which is amongst others represented by medicalisation of the female body. I also touched upon the topic of delayed diagnosis and introduced basic information about multiple sclerosis. Empirical part describes the goal of this work through qualitative research which was chosen with the vision of analysing specific female experience. Through interviews I had the opportunity to hear a real world stories about lives of women living with multiple sclerosis. Those stories lead me to possibly new findings about the diagnostic process. With this work I would like to bring some improvements to the complex diagnostic process. Key words Gender bias, medicine, diagnostic process, multiple sclerosis, gender stereotypes, semi structured interviews
|
|
|
Working Ability of People with Multiple Sclerosis. ( Options of Occupational Therapy Counseling)
Vodová, Magdalena ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Kuželková, Anna (referee)
DIPLOMA THESIS ABSTRACT Name: Bc. Magdalena Vodová Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Novotná, Ph.D. Title: Working Ability of People with Multiple Sclerosis (Options of Occupational Therapy Counseling) Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system affecting young people. Reduced ability to work is a serious consequence of MS. Academic literature addresses the negative factors leading to loss of employment. Occupational therapists can provide information and recommendations focusing on the work environment of people with MS through counseling. The aim of this thesis is to propose recommended strategies for people with MS in relation to work integration. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with factors impairing work ability, specific recommendations to influence them and important information stemming from legislation. The practical part verifies the findings based on the analysis of qualitative research among employed persons with MS, which is then further compared with information from the employer. The findings show that fatigue, mobility problems, cognitive impairment, urinary dysfunction and impaired thermoregulation in confrontation with barriers in the working environment affect the ability to work. Support and assistance from the employer, colleagues and...
|
|
|
The Inter-rater Reliability of the Nine Hole Peg Test in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Rotbartová, Eliška ; Rybářová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Klimošová, Sylva (referee)
Author: Bc. Eliška Rotbartová Supervisor: Mgr. Kateřina Rybářová Title: The Inter-rater Reliability of the Nine Hole Peg Test in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Abstract: Introduction: The Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) is used by occupational therapist as a standardized tool which evaluates fine motor skills and manual dexterity. The aim of this thesis was to establish the inter-rater reliability and variability of the results of the NHPT administered according to the Czech extended version of the manual in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: 33 probands with MS (27 females, 6 males) were tested by NHPT. Video recordings taken during testing were analyzed by two independent raters. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for statistical data processing. Recording sheets from the testing were analyzed in order to determine invalidated trials for each subtest and reasons for the invalidation. Results: A very high positive correlation was established for inter-rater reliability (0,999902 to 0,999965) and variability of the results (0,999902 to 0,999965). The invalidation of trials was most frequent in the 2nd trial of the dominant hand (24.24% of 33 trials). The least frequent was in the 3rd trial of the non-dominant hand (6.06%). The most frequent reasons for invalidation of trials were:...
|
|
|
Motivation for physical activity and exercise in people with Multiple Sclerosis
Tikovská, Iva ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
1 BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Iva Tikovská Supervisor: Mgr. et Mgr. Klára Novotná, Ph.D. Title: Motivation for physical activity and exercise in people with Multiple Sclerosis Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is chronic neurodegenerative disease, which affects young adults between the age of 20 and 40 and manifests with various neurological symptoms, depending on localization of the inflammatory damage in CNS. Concerning right management of the disease, in addition to regular pharmacotherapy it is important to observe rules of healthy lifestyle recommended for MS (so called MS Brain Health Initiative). In this study we were evaluating adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations for MS (level of physical activity, sleep, stress, healthy diet) through questionnaire survey. The data were obtained by online form only. The questionnaires were distributed via Facebook and also with help of patient organisations and MS centre of General University Hospital in Prague and 1st medical faculty of the Charles University. The questionnaires included: General questionnaire of healthy lifestyle as well as Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale, General Self Efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale and The Diet Questionnaire. There were 133 MS patients (112 women and 21 men) involved...
|
guest ::
