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Specifics of trading electricity in the EU
Švecová, Stanislava ; Müller, Štěpán (advisor) ; Machala, Martin (referee)
Electrical energy is a specific commodity. Energy market is specific as well. The thesis deals with these specifics. It describes the structure of the market, its participants and the process of the European energy market liberalization and integration. Furthermore, it deals with execution and settlement of trades, and risk management. In the end a case study devoted to the scandal of US energy giant Enron is presented.
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Current status of the European energy union
Stejskal, Tomáš ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Němcová, Ingeborg (referee)
The Master's thesis deals with the current status of the European energy union. The main objective is to evaluate achievements and failures of the European energy union in the first two years after its kick-off. This union was established in order to overcome difficulties which arise during the energy policy realization. High dependence on imports of primary raw materials and low interconnectivity among member states belong to these difficulties. This union is a long-term project which is at the very beginning of its development.
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Time of Prague spring 1968 reflected in the journal of Literární listy
Maslova, Alina ; Pešička, Jiří (advisor) ; Dolenská, Jana (referee)
The time of the Prague Springof 1968 drawn out in the journal Literární listy This work looks into the profile of the journal Literární listy during the period of the Prague Spring of 1968; my exposition is preceded by a reflection of the political and socio- cultural atmosphere of these times. In the introduction, I give a brief overview of what was happening on the political and cultural scene, since the early loosening of internal relations in the late 1950's as well as through out the 1960's in the former Czechoslovakia (a so-called "melting period"), and an overall evaluation of the situation from a cultural point of view (including the relationship between writers and authorities, the emancipation of cultural journals from the official party and state policies, the development at the 4th congress of Svaz československých spisovatelů (Czechoslovak Writers' Union) and the voiced criticism of the regime. The following pages recall the main points of developments during the months of the Prague Spring of 1968. The vision of this work, to which I dedicate the largest part, is to expound and analyze the contemporary key themes, how it is reflected in the major journalistic contributions to the journal Literární listy: articles on current internal and foreign policy situations, probing the recent...
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Consequences of liberalization of electricity market
Kalabiška, Roman ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Valíčková, Petra (referee)
This thesis examines the impacts of liberalization of electricity market. The first part of this work provides theoretical overview of the liberalization process and electricity market design in Czech Republic. To understand how the european wholesale markets are integrated, I have performed correlation analysis of daily spot prices on selected power exchanges. On the basic of this analysis I confirmed that selected power exchanges are on different levels of integration and have higher dependency on regional level. The second part of the empirical part is focused on the impact of competition on czech retail market. The objective was to show that liberalization and following increase of competition in electricity market result into decrease of retailers' gross profit margins in the segment of housholds with ordinary consumption. The last part of this work is focused on the measurement of market power using the most famous methods of measuring market power, such as Lerner index and Herfindahl-Hirschman index. My calculations indicate that while market concentration has decreased in the long run, since 2012 it is slightly increasing. I have also learned that selected retailers are on similar level of market power. This work fills the gap in literature focusing on the issue of measuring market power...
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Understanding Middle Class in India
Babalová, Nora ; Hříbek, Martin (advisor) ; Bendíková, Soňa (referee)
The sociological concept of class remains an important analytical tool for the study of modern societies. The development of individual segments of class stratification, and relations among them in a society, serve as an important indicator for the economic, social and political development of the state. Over the last decade, it has particularly been the middle class, which received higher attention from various authors and institutions as it represents a significant aspect of the emerging economies associated with the BRICS. This bachelor thesis deals with the description of the contemporary middle class in India and with the changes that have occurred in the process of its formation, primarily after the independence in 1947. The historical perspective will serve as one of the methods for observing its evolution. The main objective is to provide a comprehensive analysis of this social segment, and at the same time, to portray the current effects of globalization and the economy on existing hierarchies within the Indian society. Key words middle class, social stratification, liberalization, globalization, India
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The Process of the Transition to Democracy in Czechoslovakia in the Period of November - December 1989
Kudrna, Pavel ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the transition of Czechoslovakia towards democracy with emphasis on the first period of the transition: November and December 1989. The paper introduces different transitological approaches and applies them to the Czechoslovakia case. Traditional approaches, for instance Rustow, Mainwaring, Karlová and Schmitter, Przeworski, and others, are used to reflect upon the transition phases and typology. The thesis furthermore takes into consideration major historiographical works on the final phase or fall of non-democratic regimes and establishing a new system. The analysis also emphasises the actors of the transition. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Globalization and Small Countries - Unique Challenges, Universal Solutions
Petkovska, Katerina ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
This work focuses on globalization, more closely on the economic aspects of this process. Small countries, especially developing ones are in the spotlight, as they face unique challenges that have been addressed by the international community for decades at least. The success rate of the intervention is very questionable and leaves room for improvement, which may be a platform to elevate millions out of poverty, solve crippling problems, provide access to technology and improve the global economic system. The uniting hypothesis is that that small developing nations are functioning in a hostile environment when it comes to trade, intellectual property protection and debt, which makes it extremely difficult for them to globalize competitively. Economic history, trade and technology are the main filters of this research. Conventional economic theory like market fundamentalism, and international trade theories will be discussed. A holistic literature review, will try to depict the many sides of the argument. The data used will be from the World Competitiveness Report, World Bank's World Development Indicators, other World Bank data, apropriatiate statistical offices. A case study is implemented to conclude the thesis and in this case to evaluate the hypothesis as only partly true, since small...
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Agriculture in the law of the World Trade Organization
Husáková, Magdaléna ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Trapl, Vojtěch (referee)
Agriculture in the Law of World Trade Organization Regulation on international agricultural trade is one of the most sensitive fields of international trade regulation by the agreements of the WTO. The current law is contained in the Agreement on Agriculture and it is the first regulation of the foreign trade in agricultural products in the WTO scheme. The purpose of this thesis is to clarify the important aspects of the current law. The thesis also addresses the context in which the Agreement on Agriculture takes effect, especially from the viewpoint of its influence on developing countries. Various chapters also briefly deal with the possible content of the future Agreement on Agriculture according to the most recent results of the Doha development round negotiations. The thesis is divided into seven chapters. The introductory chapter is dedicated to the beginnings of international agricultural trade regulation and to the negotiations of the Uruguay round that resulted in the establishment of the World Trade Organization and in the conclusion of the Agreement on Agriculture. The second chapter analyzes general provisions of the Agreement on Agriculture and the relations of the Agreement with other agreements that form the basis of the World Trade Organization. The third chapter deals with the...
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The evolution of natural gas trading in Great Britain
Zoller, Martin ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis discusses the causes of spot gas market development in the UK, covering the period from 1986 to 1998. The first chapter describes pricing mechanism in long-term contracts and spot market pricing. The second chapter traces the transition from long-term contracts to spot trading in the UK. The work maps the legislative process of gas market liberalization, policies of the incumbent government and internal and external factors. The thesis suggests that the success of the liberalization process, which enabled the transition from long-term contracts to an advanced spot market was primarily facilitated by favourable conditions on the supply and demand side.
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Selective adjustment to EU regulatory provisions in new member states : the case of electricity market liberalization in Bulgaria and Czech Republic
Neofitov, Alexander ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Cibulková, Petra (referee)
The present work aspires to provide a comprehensive analysis of the policy developments through which European-level prescriptions regarding the liberalization of national electricity markets have been accommodated within the domestic policy contexts of two new member states of the European Union: Bulgaria and Czech Republic. Despite being subjected to uniform demands, adaptation to community regulatory provisions in the two countries has prompted divergent patterns of policy change, resulting in full compliance in the Czech Republic and a failure to meet EU objectives in Bulgaria. In order to address the observed inconsistency the envisaged research identifies a causal link between the outcomes of regulatory compliance and the influence of utility regulation as a sector-specific EU governance pattern on the dynamics of resource re-distribution at the domestic level. A major concern of the research is how contextual factors, such as incumbent power balances across actor populations in the target policy area condition the impacts of EU inputs on domestic policy decisions. In this respect the work hypothesizes that due to transition "sediments" in the new EU member states external rules may be selectively applied in order to match the existing realities and lead to outcomes that diverge from the...
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