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Computational modelling of mechanical tests of animal cell
Orlová, Lucie ; Fuis, Vladimír (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
Předkládaná diplomová práce se zabývá stavbou živých živočišných buněk a jejich odezvou na mechanické zatěžování. Zobecněným zaměřením práce je popis mechanického chování buňky nejenom ve fyziologickém, ale i v patologickém stavu. Výchozím předpokladem pro úspěšné řešení zadané úlohy je vysoce interdisciplinární přístup kombinující výpočtové přístupy mechaniky těles (v~tomto případě metodu konečných prvků) s lékařským výzkumem. Nejdůležitějším bodem při tvorbě výpočtového modelu, pomocí něhož je možné aproximovat chování živé buňky při zatížení, je zejména identifikace mechanicky významných komponent a~jejich materiálových parametrů. V tomto případě jsou jako mechanicky význačné identifikovány spojité součásti jádro, membrána a cytoplazma, které jsou nově propojeny s prvky diskrétními (mitochondriální sítí) v hybridním modelu, jehož platnost je ověřena pomocí experimentálních dat. Tento model slouží jako podklad k vyhodnocení míry vlivu mitochondrií na celkovou tuhost buňky.
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Advanced SPM techniques for measuring electrical properties of materials
Kramář, Jan ; Konečný, Martin (referee) ; Pavera, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is concerned about development of local electric properties characterization technique of sample in contact mode of Atomic Force Microscopy. The research part describes the most expanded techniques of characterization of local electric properties using Scanning Probe Microscopy. For realization was chosen Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy. Important part of this technique is current amplifier. For that reason, operational amplifiers, circuits with them and implementation of new amplifier on microscop are described. Last chapter is dedicated to description of samples, which were used to test functionality of the amplifier and technique.
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Deposition and analysis of AlCrN coatings
Drásalová, Kateřina ; Juliš, Martin (referee) ; Klakurková, Lenka (advisor)
The topic of this thesis is the deposition process and methods of quality assessment of AlCrN surface coatings produced by methods of (i) magnetron sputtering, (ii) magnetron sputtering with arc enhanced glow discharge, and (iii) high power magnetron sputtering with the movable magnetic field. The main focus is placed on categorizing properties of the produced coatings based on the production method (which vary in the ionization level). Qualities of the surface coatings are assessed by adhesion and cohesion parameters testing of coarseness using AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy), depth measuring using a calotest, measuring internal tension using the Bent Strip Method and Instrumented indentation test for hardness.
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Selective hydrogenation/Oxidation of CVD graphene using AFM
Přikryl, Vojtěch ; Švarc, Vojtěch (referee) ; Bartošík, Miroslav (advisor)
Graphene is a perspective material for utilization in electronics due to its high charge carrier mobility. However, in order to be applicable in practice the bandgap opening is necessary. One way of achieving this is modification of graphene by hydrogenation or oxidation. This work concerns the possibility of using AFM for local hydrogenation/oxidation of graphene depending on the bias voltage between the tip and the sample. The presence of hydrogenation/oxidation was examined by Kelvin probe force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The possibility of oxidation was proved but hydrogenation was not proved.
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Composite Dental Biomaterials - Structure, Analysis and Properties
Matoušek, Aleš ; Vaněk,, Jiří (referee) ; Lapčík,, Lubomír (referee) ; Cihlář, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of this work is to define relations between grain size and bioaktivity of oxide ceramics, specifically ZrO2, Al2O3 and HA. Ceramic materials with grain size from 100 nm up to 10 m, with various surface roughness, were tested for its bioactivity. Ceramography analysis was performed for all tested materials to precisely describe microstructures. Biological properties of the ceramic materials were tested via dilation tests directly in-vitro and by in-vitro extraction. Three cell culturing lines: osteoblast MG63, fibroblast L929, and epithelioid HeLa, were used for our testing. An influence of the grain size on the biological response was only found for the ceramic materials which had been thermally etched. The thermally etched nanocrystalline samples had larger areas covered by cells than ceramics with coarse grain microstructure. Biological tests on layered composites Al2O3×ZrO2 showed the cell selection determined by the type of material, where ZrO2 surfaces were preferably covered. Improved biological response of nanocrystalline ZrO2 was demonstrated on ceramic ZrO2, Al2O3 and SiO2 substrates with nanocrystalline coating of ZrO2. In this work a novel technological process for the formation of defect-free coatings was developed. Sintered coatings were tested using in-vitro technique with cell line HeLa, L929 and MG63 for up to 72 hours. The results of the biological tests of nanocrystalline coatings were consistent with results from the bulk nanocrystalline thermally etched ZrO2 ceramics.
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Real-time study of reaction waves
Gazdík, Richard ; Pavera, Michal (referee) ; Bábor, Petr (advisor)
Táto bakalárska práca sa zaoberá heterogénnou katalytickou oxidáciou oxidu uhoľnatého, a hlavne reakčnými vlnami vyskytujúcimi sa pri určitých podmienkach, na povrchu platiny. Práca je rozdelená na dve hlavné časti – teoretickú a experimentálnu. Teoretická časť podáva informácie ohľadom rastrovacieho elektrónového mikroskopu, mikroskopu atomárnych síl a detailov reakcie. Pre experimentálnu časť boli vykonané pozorovania tejto reakcie v ultravysoko-vákuovom, ako aj vo vysoko-vákuovom rastrovacom elektrónovom mikroskope, a v oboch prípadoch boli identifikované reakčné vlny. Cieľom bolo tiež skúsiť vykonať korelatívne meranie reakčných vĺn sondou a elektrónovým mikroskopom (CPEM), ktoré, bohužiaľ, z veľa rôznych dôvodov popísaných v poslednej časti práce, nevyšlo.
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Improvement of control and analysis techniques of a SPM model
Štefko, Marcel ; Nováček, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šulc, Dalibor (advisor)
Bakalářská práce se zabývá zdokonalováním výukového modelu mikroskopu atomárních sil (AFM). Součástí práce je rešerše stávajících analogii mezi makroskopickými jevy a fenomény spojenými s mikroskopii rastrovací sondou. Dále byla vybrána vhodná analogie, která byla následně implementována do již existujícího modelu mikroskopu atomárních sil. Do modelu byl integrován i jednodeskový počítač, který zajistí ovládání i bez nutnosti připojení externího počítače. Na závěr byly vyhodnoceny vlastnosti použité sondy a analogie mezi modelem a skutečnými mikroskopy atomárních sil.
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Adhesion of (Hydro)gel Materials to the Surface – Physico-chemical Description and Biological Concequences
Žibeková, Lucia ; Mravec, Filip (referee) ; Kalina, Michal (advisor)
This Bachelor´s thesis deals with study of adhesion of hydrogels materials to the surface. Three biopolymers were selected for this purpose, one of which is psychically cross-linked (agarose) and two are chemically cross-linked (based on sodium alginate cross-linked with Ca2+ and polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with borax). In the experimental part of the work, adhesion was first examined by a visual method on an inclined plane. The tilt was at different angles (30°, 45°, 90°) where it was observed whether the hydrogel was able to attach to a solid surface or slip down. The agarose was examined in different concentrations from 0.5 wt% to 4 wt% in both methods. Also, the alginate gel was examined at various concentrations with two different cross-linked agent. However, alginate was only used in the visual method because of its inhomogeneity. In contrast, the PVA gel was examined at 10:1 and 4:1 ratios for the both methods. The second method in the experimental part was the tensile test carried out on the Inova apparatus – hydraulic pulsator, and thus the methodology for the study of physical and chemically cross-linked hydrogels was optimized. With increasing concentration of agarose gels, adhesion strength and work increased as well. For PVA gels, the adhesion work was higher, but the adhesive strength remained approximately the same as for the agarose gels.
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