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Biotechnological potential of algae and cyanobacteria from low temperature environments
Faško, Adam ; Nedbalová, Linda (advisor) ; Vítová, Milada (referee)
With the interest in biofuels rising, public awareness of the biotechnological potential of algae and cyanobacteria has grown and there is discussion about other possible uses of these microorganisms. Algae and cyanobacteria from low temperature environments possess exceptional properties as part of their adaptation strategies. The aim of this work is to evaluate whether these properties can be exploited in biotechnology. In my theses, I focus on the three most frequently discussed areas of application of algae and cyanobacteria from cold environments: production of polyunsaturated fatty acids, dyes and antioxidants, and wastewater treatment. Based on the available literature, I concluded that algae and cyanobacteria from low temperature environments can outperform mesophilic species in terms of production of desired substances or nutrient uptake from the medium under certain conditions. Selection of suitable strains, optimization of culture conditions and application of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology will have a major impact on the utilization rate of these microorganisms.
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Využití bioaditiv v produkci bazalky (Ocimum basilicum)
Pečenka, Jakub
This diploma work is focused on the use of bioadditives (products based on algae and bacteria) in the production of basil (Ocimum basilicum). In the literar rewiew, this bioadditives are described generally in terms of their material composition, effect and use in practise. The experimental part deals with a field experiment with basil, which took place in Lednice in the land of the Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno in 2013. Basil was divided into 5 variants (4 + control). Individual variants were treated by Amalgerol Premium, EM -- farming Super aktiviert, Pro Milieu Terra and product from Rawat without trade name. The effect of these bioadditives on yield and nutritional parameters of basil were observed. Nutritional parameters were determined from fresh basil matter and from the dried matter. It was the total antioxidant capacity, content of phenols, flavonoids and dry matter. The results show that the application of these products has both positive and negative impact on the monitored parameters in basil. Yield parameters of these preparations were not significantly affected. The greatest effect has Amalgerol Premium and EM -- farming Super aktiviert on increase of total antioxidant capacity. EM -- farming variant was also found to increase total phenols and flavonoids.
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Všechno, co jste kdy chtěli vědět o řasách (ale báli jste se zeptat)
LEJSKOVÁ, Denisa
The bachelor thesis deals with the topics of teaching cyanobacteria and algae at secondary schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the comparison of available information in curricular documents and the coverage of teaching the topic at high school. The practical part contains proposals for didactic materials. A study text, presentations for teachers and worksheets for practical teaching with elements of Inquiry-based learning (IBL) with methodical sheets were created.
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Badatelsky orientovaná výuka k tématu sinic a řas
BŘEZINA, Petr
The thesis deals with subject of high school inquiry-based learning (IBL) with focus on phycology. A research of schools' lab equipment, feasibility of IBL and attitude of teachers towards this approach was made. Five inquiry-based exercises were assembled, along with methodical notes and suggestions for teachers. The issues with general phycology teaching and implementing IBL in Czech education system were discussed.
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Floristicko-ekologická studie sinic a řas v různých typech stojatých vod na severním Plzeňsku
ČECHUROVÁ, Markéta
The algological research was realized on 10 various water bodies in the northern Pilsen region during the year 2020. They were mainly post-mining sites or artificial ponds, where plankton samples were collected. Environmental characteristics (pH, conductivity, water transparency, temperature, amount of nutrients) were measured. Cyanobacteria and algae found in samples were identified to the possible lowest taxonomic level, also relative abundance levels were stated. The relationship between environment and the species composition was studied. A total of 77 phytoplankton species were recorded.
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Sezónní dynamika bičíkatých řas v různých typech rybníků
STAŘÍKOVÁ, Ester
The research was conducted in the surroundings of Toužim town. Samples of plankton and metaphyton were collected from 10 fishponds over the year 2020, samples were taken in spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Various environmental variables were measured such as temperature, conductivity, pH, transparency, and nutrient content. The specimens were identified and relative abundance was assessed and later used for counting environmental indexes. The main focus was on flagellated algae and their seasonal changes in composition among other alga were compared. All the environmental data together with species data were statistically analyzed.
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Methodology to identify missing genetic resources in culture collections, strategy to fill the gaps
Komínek, Petr ; Komínková, Marcela ; Křížková, Iva ; Krejzar, Václav ; Aulický, Radek ; Kubátová, Alena ; Bár, Ladislav ; Kubizniaková, Petra ; Brožová, Jana ; Lebeda, Aleš ; Eichlerová, Ivana ; Malenovská, Hana ; Hanzalová, Alena ; Mertelík, Josef ; Kavková, Miloslava ; Mrázková, Marcela ; Kmoch, Martin ; Novotný, David ; Pánková, Iveta ; Skuhrovec, Jiří ; Petrželová, Irena ; Svoboda, Petr ; Reichelová, Markéta ; Urban, Marian ; Řezáčová, Veronika ; Valentová, Lucie ; Sedláček, Ivo ; Vendl, Tomáš ; Sedlářová, Michaela
The methodology was created under the National programme on conservation of microbial genetic resources of economical imortance. Its preparation was planned in the beginning of a current period of solving the National programme (2018-2022). The methodology describe procedures for the evaluation of specialization of individual collections from the point of view variability of genetic resources held on the collections. The goal of the methodology is to improve the work of microbial collections for the sustainable conservation of microbial genetic resources.
Fulltext:  PDF
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Natural compounds potentially influencing neurodegenerative diseases
Mňuková, Daniela ; Opletal, Lubomír (advisor) ; Suchánková, Daniela (referee)
Mňuková D.: Natural compounds potentially influencing neurodegenerative diseases. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prag, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department os Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical botany, Hradec Králové 2022, 88 s. This research diploma thesis draws mainly from foreign professional literature. It provides an overview of important natural substances that potentially influence neurodegenerative diseases. The first part describes the moct common neurodegenerative diseases, their characteristics, epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture. These diseases include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, multisystem atrophy, Pick's disease and other tauopathies, Huntington's disease, spinocerebellar ataxia and amyotrophic latelar sclerosis. The second part of diploma thesis presents natural substances that have been studied in preclinical and clinical studies in the last two decades for their potential to positively affect neurodegenerative diseases. The last part discusses the contribution of these natural substances fot therapy and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases, natural compounds, Alzheimer's disease, bioactive compounds
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Algal and Cyanobacterial Adaptations to Low Temperature and Desiccation
Jimel, Matouš ; Elster, Josef (advisor) ; Košťál, Vladimír (referee)
Algae and cyanobacteria, due of their evolutionary antiquity, are widely distributed primary producers that can withstand extreme environmental stresses. Low temperature, freezing and melting, and desiccation and rewetting, are common stresses prevalent mainly in polar regions and in winter seasons of temperate areas. In terms of physiological effects, these types of stresses share similar effects or are closely related to one another. Low temperatures and desiccation exert a variety of stresses that need to be negated or lessened by adaptations. Specifically, adaptations to chill, freeze, and desiccation stresses will be discussed, as well as strategies that allow for stress avoidance or resistant morphological adaptations. In this thesis, characteristics, functions and mechanisms of these adaptations and stresses are reviewed, as well as potential biotechnological uses of said adaptations. Key words: algae, cyanobacteria, freezing, chill, desiccation, abiotic stress, cryoprotectants, osmoprotectants, akinetes, cryoinjury
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