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Health as norm, illness as a "deviation". And how to inquire?
Tavel, P. ; Poláčková Šolcová, Iva
Human health is considered to be a “normal condition”(in contrast to illness). Our qualitative study is focused on asking questions about health or more precisely on analysis of individual interview guides. A total of 106 students (interviewers and researchers at the same time) developed an interview guide asking about health and carried out the interview with three participants. Their task was to reflect, evaluate and improve the quality of their guides after each interview. Thematic analysis utilised for data evaluation was focused on areas in the final versions of the guides. Several essential themes have emerged during categorization of interview guides questions. These themes were – according the students-researchers – most related to health: e.g. lifestyle, eating habits, risk behaviour, role of a doctor, diseases etc. This survey has also pointed to a number of hidden assumptions and beliefs, alleged connections and relations that researchers tended to see in the health theme and inject into the interview guides questions, but mainly to the fact that when asking about another person´s health, they especially wanted to know more about his/her diseases.
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A SWOT analysis applied to the selected company
LETOVSKÁ, Pavla
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to assess the environment of selected company and then apply the SWOT analysis. A MONTZA company, construction enterpriser, was chosen for this work. This company was founded in 1992 with domicile in České Budějovice city in South Bohemia. A SWOT analysis is a strategy planning method for evaluation of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats influencing the company. However, other methods were used to recognize the company´s environment. The fundamental method for the environment analysis was the STEP analysis. This analysis identifies the social, technological, economic and political influence on the company. An Analysis of results in particular functional areas was used for recognition of the company´s internal environment. This method analyzes the area of production, finances, marketing, management level, human resources and finally the research and development. An Analysis of cliques, which allows identification of particular cliques affecting the company, was used too. These steps were used for definition of the factors for SWOT analysis. A strategy for the company´s governing was defined according to comparison of these factors. This strategy shows what steps the company should do in the future. The most appropriate strategy was the Confrontation strategy, which consists in employing the strong points of the company for averting the threats.
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Sociology and Existentialism. Question of "Purpose" from an Existentialist Viewpoint
Hlaváček, Karel ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Holeček, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis Sociology and Existentialism. Question of "Purpose" from an Existentialist Viewpoint deals with the problem of aim and purpose of sociology. First we want to doubt what we grasp as nonproblematic reception of attitudes on what sociology actually is, which is to be found especially in common sociological discourse. We want to accomplish this by challenging sociology to defend itself against what existentialism perceives as ultimate concern of human beings and by suggesting that in order to comply with this challenge sociology should become religious in Tillich's and Fromm's sense. Second we aim to conceptualize what purposeful sociology would mean and analyze how sociology has been loosing purpose. Third we aim to hint at what sociology should do in order to stay purposeful.
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Charity work in the history of Adventism in the Czech lands
ČÁK, Csaba
The thesis deals with the history of charity work among Seventh day Adventists in the Czech lands. It presents basic information about the origins, progress and theological emphasis of Seventh day Adventists concerning the charity work. It shortly describes the history of Adventism in the Czech lands. The second part is focused on each form of social, charitable and humanitarian care that was provided by the Seventh day Adventists in the Czech Republic. In addition, it describes poverty reduction as well as work in the Tabita social groups. Information is also provided about the medical missionary ministry, work of the summer children health camps and the Association for health care. The last part of the thesis is aimed at basic information about the Czech office of the Adventist development and relief agency and pastoral care among the Adventists.
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Creating the star in the media
Rábová, Tereza ; Holanová, Radka (referee) ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor)
Práce se zabývá tématem ustavování hvězd v médiích a ikonizace a adorace populárních osobností různých oblastí lidské činnosti. Zasazuje ho do širšího společenského a kulturního kontextu, zároveň hledá příčiny pozorovaného chování v principech platných pro dnešní dobu, kterou také stručně charakterizuje. Stanovuje okruh důvodů (mezi něž patří podněty psychologické, společenské, ale i biologické), z kterých jsou publika hvězdnými osobnostmi přitahována a podporují jejich vznik, popř. ovlivňují jejich další vývoj. Dále se věnuje obecným charakteristikám populárních osobností, profesi "hvězdy", příslušným teoriím o celebritách, definuje různé způsoby přístupu elitním osobnostem ze strany masové veřejnosti. Popisuje přístup médií prezentaci hvězd. Následuje přehled možného dělení jednotlivých typů hvězd (hlediska profesní, časová, místní atd.). Další část práce obsahuje pragmatickou analýzu mediálních produktů, věnujících se dané tematice, tedy rozbory prostředků, jimiž média docilují požadovaného efektu vzniku populární hvězdy (zahrnuje mj. podstatu bulvárního tisku, práci novináře, typy tiskovin a pořadů, analýzu jazykových prostředků). Závěrečná část zkoumá a konstatuje souvislost oblasti hvězd s náboženskými motivy, a to jak z hlediska lingvistického, tak z pozic chování a jednání publik. Vyvozuje závěry...
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Tactical attitudes to the person affected by abnormal events - psychological aspects
GRECHOVÁ, Michaela
The topic of this thesis is Tactical attitudes to the person affected by abnormal events - psychological aspects; it deals with the psychological aid to persons affected by abnormal events. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on defining the basic applied terminology and its target which is: ? Mapping the present methods of psychological aid during the timely care of persons affected by abnormal events in the Czech Republic. The practical part has two goals: ? Mapping the present state and the possible development of psychological aid provided in connection with abnormal events from the viewpoint of psychologists of individual components of the Integrated Rescue System (IZS). ? Mapping the needs, values and strategies of mastering the situation by psychologists of IZS components in view of abnormal event In connection with the research target, 6 research questions were formulated. The research part of the thesis is focused on psychologists of the main components of IZS. It tries to summarize their experience, opinions, standpoints, reservations, and also needs and strategies of mastering the situation in connection with providing psychological aid in the early stage after the abnormal event. The qualitative research is implemented in the thesis by the method of questionnaire investigation with 16 open questions. Data collection was done in the form of a phone talk with several respondents, questionnaire method is combined with the method of structured talk. The investigated sample consists of 11 respondents ? psychologists of the main IZS components. 7 respondents were firemen (HZS ? Fire Rescue Service), 3 policemen (CR Police) and one psychologist of ZZS (Medical Rescue Service). The answers of individual respondents were recorded and the complete transcriptions of answers are stated in Annexes to thesis. The acquired data were interpreted by the author in the way representing the answers to research questions. To achieve a well arranged result, this interpretation was summarized into several points from which the results of research follow which are discussed in more detail in the following chapter. It was found out in the answers to research questions: ? What drawbacks are seen by IZS psychologist in the present system of providing psychological aid to persons affected by MU (abnormal events), ? Which aspects of the psychological aid provided to persons affected by MU are considered for well-functioning by the psychologist ? What possibilities of future development are seen by IZS psychologists in the field of psychological aid to persons affected by MU ? According to IZS psychologists, by what factors are limited other targets and development of the psychological aid to persons affected by MU ? What values, needs and mastering strategies and sources are applied by psychologist in connection with interventions during and after abnormal events ? What methods of psychological aid are applied by the addressed IZS psychologists during the early care of persons affected by MU? The chapter Discussion contains a more detailed analysis of results. During the research performance, other not formulated questions occurred concerning not completely clear or not defined border between the psychological and psychosocial aid which the thesis tries to determine. It may be stated in the end that the research questions were answered in the practical part of thesis. The research questions were formulated in such a way that the answers on them represent the base for SWOT analysis of the system of providing psychological aid by IZS components. I believe for this reason, it may be utilized not only for study purposes.
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The use of teaching methods in nursing practice with a focus on prevention of lifestyle-related diseases.
DUBOVÁ, Marie
Diseases of affluence are those that accompany any given society at any given time. The best "treatment" for diseases of affluence is prevention, which in nursing practice can be achieved by using appropriate teaching methods. One of the diseases of affluence is tooth decay. Recent studies have shown a significant decrease in oral hygiene amongst children. The result is an increase in tooth decay which has a negative impact on the secondary dentition. Prevention should include increasing children?s awareness of their own health and learning effective teeth cleaning with the help of their parents. The role of nurses in primary prevention of oral health of children is indispensable and includes various educational activities. This thesis is focused on the use of appropriate teaching methods of tooth decay prevention in nursing practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a prevention programme called ?A Healthy Tooth?. This programme was aimed at children in kindergarten and pupils in the first four years of primary schools. Its aim was to increase their skills and knowledge of preventing tooth decay. It was also aimed at parents of the children who were trained in this programme. To achieve the purposes of this thesis we used a methodological triangulation technique which enabled us to examine the impact of the programme by applying several different methods. The following methods were used: a questionnaire for parents and children, interviews with children and direct observation of children while they were cleaning their teeth. The questionnaire for parents and children consisted of six closed questions about the issue of tooth decay prevention. The questionnaires were anonymous and were compiled for the purposea of this thesis. The questionnaires were distributed to the children with a written consent from their parents. The research sample for the quantitative survey of parents included parents of children from kindergartens and primary schools in Jindřichův Hradec. 130 questionnaires were distributed, 128 (98 %) of completed questionnaires were returned and none of them were discarded. The research sample for the quantitative investigation of children included children from kindergartens and the first four years of primary schools in Jindřichův Hradec. With the consent of the parents, 24 children from kindergartens and 108 children from primary schools were interviewed. 132 (100%) questionnaires were classified for further evaluation. The data were evaluated using Microsoft Excel charts. To verify the hypotheses, we used a test of independence ? chi-square ? using a PivotTable. For the semi-structured interviews with children, we created a schedule of questions. The central topic of the interview was tooth decay and its prevention. Interviews with children were conducted with the written consent of their parents and were anonymised. Direct observation of children during toothbrushing was conducted to explore the method and sequence of cleaning their teeth. It was noted in the answer sheet and photographs were taken with the consent of the parents of the respondents. The research sample for the qualitative survey consisted of ten children ? five children from kindergartens in Jindřichův Hradec and five children from primary schools in Jindřichův Hradec. The data were processed in the SmartArt diagrams and tables using Microsoft Office Word 2007. The results of the survey helped determine the depth of knowledge and skills in the tooth decay prevention of children. It showed some positive effects of the use of appropriate teaching methods in the effectiveness of the prevention programme in nursing practice. It also contributed to the improvement of dental health in the child population.
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The use of aromatherapy in pregnancy, during childbirth and puerperium
KOUBKOVÁ, Markéta
For every woman, the period of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium is a very exceptional and crucial period of life. A woman undergoes physical, mental and social changes. Nowadays, there is a great variety of possibilities how to maintain particular information and many women are interested in the fact how to make this period pleasant and easy. Currently, many a woman has the opportunity to apply alternative methods to mitigate some difficulties connected with pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium. These methods also help to make this exceptional period more pleasant. It is aromatherapy which is popular among these methods. The theoretical part of the thesis concludes the findings of current reference books dealing with aromatherapy during the period of pregnancy, during the childbirth and the period of puerperium. It also includes the description of these phases. At the beginning of this part a reader can find a couple of words about aromatherapy and its influence on an organism, about the use of volatile oil. The following chapter is on pregnancy, and the description about the use of volatile oil during this period follows. Moreover, next part is dedicated to the work during childbirth and the aromatherapy during it, and also the description of the period of puerperium and the aromatherapy applied. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out how the midwives and pregnant women are informed about the possible use of aromatherapy during the periods mentioned and if they are interested in the usage of aromatherapy during these periods. Another aim of the thesis was to create a brief manual for midwives about a convenient use of aromatherapy during the periods mentioned which was based on an in-depth study of reference books and also on carrying out a research described in the practical part of the thesis. To meet the tasks of the thesis, a survey was carried out which could be divided into two parts. The first collection of data was carried out via the method of dialogues which had been designed in the way to get the opinion of midwives about using aromatherapy in the periods mentioned. The other part included distributing the questionnaires to pregnant women and women in the puerperium period. The topic in question was, due to the survey carried out, assessed positively. The midwives expressed their positive attitude towards the usage of aromatherapy during the period of pregnancy, childbirth and also during puerperium. These midwives use aromatherapy themselves which gives them the basic view. If they are interested, they can attend some lectures about this topic which were realised at their working place. The basic assumption was confirmed. As the graphs show, approximately one half of the female-respondents used aromatherapy, and nearly one half of these used the aromatherapy also during the period of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium. Further result of the survey was that most women used this method according to some previous experience and also due to their own initiative. This confirmed the hypothesis that women who have some information about aromatherapy are interested in using it. They usually have also enough experience and also their proved cosmetic brand. It was proved that midwives offer the possibility to use volatile oil primarily at delivery rooms. What arises from the interviews is that if midwives have the possibility to offer aromatherapy actively at their working places, they use it at convenient occasions. According to the survey, aromatherapy is an appropriate, successful and also quite popular supportive method in midwifery. This bachelor thesis serves as an inspiration for midwives to get a wider perspective in some basic data about indication and contraindication to the use of volatile oil during the period of pregnancy, childbirth and also during the period of puerperium.
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The Role of Key Worker in the Home for the Elderly
VOTRUBOVÁ, Nataliya
The problem of old age and aging is a present topic. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part is focused on the old age and aging, individual needs and their particularities, on the related legislation, care of the elderly, the Chvalkov retirement home, individual planning and the role of a key worker. The empirical part of the thesis deals with the research methods, the collection of data techniques, the research schedule, the characteristics and the method of choosing a research file, the methods of data processing and the results of the research. The first chapter of the theoretical part describes old age and aging and it specifies individual needs of old age. The second chapter then deals with the care of senior citizens in general, its division, its rules and regulations. The most important laws are presented with emphasis mainly on law no. 108/2006 on social services and on the related public notice no. 205/2006. The third chapter is focused on the Chvalkov retirement home, where the research took place. The next chapters deal with the key workers and individual planning. The empirical part of the thesis deals with searching for answers to the research questions. The aim of the thesis is to find out how individual planning and a key worker can influence the quality of social services from the point of view of the elderly in the Chvalkov retirement home. The main research question is: ?What importance do the elderly in the retirement home attach to the role of a key worker?? And three intermediate research questions are: ?What is the attitude of the elderly in the retirement home towards individual planning? What is the attitude of the elderly in the retirement home towards the role of a key worker? And what is the attitude of the elderly in the retirement home towards the importance of a key worker in connection with individual planning?? The empirical part of the thesis is based on qualitative research methods and on the questioning method (semi-structured interviews with open questions). The research itself was done in two stages. First a preliminary research was done, and then the main research followed. The senior citizens in the Chvalkov retirement home represented the researched group. The respondents were chosen by means of a goal-directed selection. The clients needed to meet some requirements ? to be residents of the retirement home for at least one year and to be willing to cooperate. Four respondents took part in the research. The method of creating clusters was used to analyse the obtained data using the qualitative research methods. It was found out through the research that thanks to individual planning the senior citizens in the Chvalkov retirement home are not only passive addressees of social services, but they can also decide on the quality of their life through the agency of a key worker. Individual planning encourages them to take an active role and responsibility of their own life, the key worker being a part of it. Individual planning and the role of a key worker are evaluated positively by the senior citizens and they find it of high importance for the quality of the social services.
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Possibility of being an exceptional incident in South Bohemia Paper mill in Větřní
SAMKOVÁ, Jaroslava
Possibility of being an exceptional incident in south Bohemia Paper mill in Větřní This paper is drawn up to cover key events included within comprehensive system of emergency safety measures in JIP a.s., Větřní operations. Based on current knowledge, human safety is defined as the safety of human system, which considers the following protected interests:  People, their life, health and safety  Environment  Property and public welfare  Technology and infrastructure Today, many different classifications have been so far produced to describe phenomenon, where in various areas of humankind activities occur situations that are not regarded as of ordinary conditions. Unifying terminology employed in this respect uses the phrase ``emergency event{\crqq}. This can be defined as ``destructive effects of powers and events caused by human activity or nature{\crqq}, but it also includes break downs (caused again by human activity). These can all put in risk people, their health, property or environment and require salvage or cleanup activities. This paper focuses on selected areas of potential emergency events response. Its aim is to establish a document which summarizes information on emergency events potential risks and launches the emergency event recovery system to be employed under an actual emergency. This paper refers to current applicable legislation in force, which I believe covers all needs in respect to major emergencies as well as the salvage and cleanup issues.
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