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Structure Of Organic Farming In South Bohemia
PEČTA, Jindřich
This thesis evaluates the structure of production in organic farming in the South Bohemia Region. It is divided into research, which includes agriculture and livestock components of organic farming and the practical part, where are the evaluated data obtained from databases ÚZEI, MA and the internal structure of the Faculty of Agriculture, specifically the Department of agro-ecosystems. The part of the research is divided into five main chapters. The introductory chapter describes the history of organic farming. The chapter Changes in the structure of agriculture, depictes conventional agriculture and an important evenst for the development of agriculture in the territory of the Czech Republic. The following chapter Specifications crop and livestock production enters up the main principles of organic farming. The next chapter describes the non-productive functions of agriculture, as soil protection, against erosion, etc. The search ends with the chapter titled The current structure, which depictes the current state of agriculture. In the practical part the structure of crop and livestock production in the South Bohemia and in the Czech republic. Region was investigated, which is subject of chapter five. It was being watched with the most common representation of animals, where in South Bohemia and the Czech Republic in organic farming predominates - cattle breeding suckler and sheep. In chapter five, is also disclosed the amount of produced milk and manufactured milk products. There was found representation of major crops and their individual income in the plant component , cereals dominate in South Bohemia and the Czech Republic . The work also focused on the representation of arable land and permanent grassland in South Bohemia and the Czech Republic.The practical part compares the data for South Bohemia with the data for the whole Czech Republic (eg. The percentage of plants on the entire arable land etc.).
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Nucleotide variability in \kur{enol-1} gene of entomopathogenic nematodes \kur{Heterorhabditis bacteriophora} and \kur{Steinernema feltiae}
HEJNÍČKOVÁ, Martina
The topic of this bachelor thesis is enol-1, parasitism-related gene in entomopathogenic nematodes. First part of this thesis deals with pattern of the enol-1 nucleotide variability. Nucleotide sequence of enol-1 was obtained from 9 strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and 8 strains of Steinernema feltiae. I characterised and compared its structure and nucleotide variability. Phylogenetic analysis of enol-1 was done with closely related nematode coding sequences, acquired from internet databases. The second part of this thesis is devoted to virulence testing. Larvae of Galleria mellonella were infected with different strains of entomopathogenic nematodes, and their mortality was summarized.
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Efficiency of production of selected conventional and organic enterprises in west Bohemia region
KECSEIOVÁ, Klára
The aim of the work is to analyse the production efficiency of conventional and organic farms in the Western Bohemia. Based on the data of questionnaire investigation in 2009 I selected four farms from the Pilsen Region. Evaluative criteria were as follows: the total area under cultivation, farming system (conventional or organic), type of arable crops (especially wheat, oat, potatoes). The data were extracted from terrain investigation, telephone conversations, interview with farmers, yearbook of organic farming, situational review and forecast balance of Czech Statistical Office and Ministry of Agriculture. Supporting data were extracted from ÚZEI database. Crop yields, the costs of crops and selling price in recent 10 years were investigated. From the results it can be concluded, that crop yields in organic farming are lower than crop yields in conventional farming. The yields of wheat growing in organic farming are 40 % lower than in conventional farming. The yields of potatoes growing in organic farming are 40 % lower than in conventional farming and the yields of oat growing in organic farming are 30 % lower than in conventional farming. Production efficiency of chosen crops in organic farming is comparable to conventional farming due to higher redemption price and lower costs. In some organic farms the growing of chosen crops is even more profitable than in conventional farms. Structure of costs in organic farming is the most differential component comparable to conventional farming. It is because of different spending of fertilization and crop management practice.
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Analysis of suicidal behavior manifested by firearm usage in the Czech Republic in the period of 2004 to 2008 regarding selected demographic characteristics.
BAMBAS, Vladislav
Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of successfully committed suicides by firearm usage in the period of 2004 to 2008. The first part summarizes the current knowledge, introduces the definition of suicide, a brief history of suicide, motivation and ways of suicide commitment. Details on suicides committed by shooting themselves are mentioned. The second part is devoted to the research that was carried out, deals with analyzing the current state of successfully committed suicides by shooting themselves. The aim was to determine whether there is an increase in suicide rate committed by shooting themselves. In the period of 2004 to 2008 suicidal behavior analysis was carried out according to the age, sex, motives for suicide, belonging to a social group, education and the type of gun ownership. The aim was to verify if the police suicide registration is sufficient in relation to the reasons for its introduction. To meet the research goals the secondary data analysis was used, the baseline data were obtained from internal databases of the Police of the Czech Republic. Data analysis revealed that the increase in the rate of suicide by firearm usage was not recorded, more men than women commit suicide by shooting themselves and in most cases legally possessed firearms are used to suicide commitment. Firearm suicides are committed more likely by adults and the elderly, minimally by adolescents. In the largest group of self-murderers the motif was not identified, the most frequent motif identified is a physical illness. The most vulnerable social group are the unemployed, and most suicides are committed by people with secondary education. The police suicide statistics is used by the prevention department of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic for analytical, statistical and inspection activities, the tracked markers are sufficient.
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Atmospheric characteristics of white dwarfs
Krejčová, Kateřina ; Kawka, Adéla (advisor) ; Mayer, Pavel (referee)
We have analyzed the ultraviolet spectra of 40 hydrogen-rich (DA) white dwarfs. These spectra have been obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) satellite and are publicly available via the MAST FUSE database. We derived the effective temperature and surface gravity by fitting the hydrogen Lyman spectral lines with model spectra. By applying white dwarf evolutionary models, we were able to determine the white dwarf mass, cooling age and absolute magnitude. These then allowed us to determine the distance to each star and its predicted gravitational redshift. We have identified several chemical elements in the white dwarf spectra. We determined the abundances of C, Si, P and S by measuring the equivalent widths of selected lines of these elements. Finally, we studied the spectra of J0623-376 and LM Com in more detail.
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Adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) as predictors of weight loss and weight regain during one year period following the 10-week low caloric diet (NUGENOB study)
Drahoš, Jan ; Polák, Jan (advisor)
In the Czech republic, about 20% of women and 16% of men are obese. The key role in the etiology of obesity plays the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, which is influenced by many factors, including leptin and adiponectin. Leptin is secreted mainly from adipocytes and it's levels increase with cell fat content and body fat percentage. Leptin itself is supposed to lead to weight loss, both by decreasing appetite and increasing energy expenditure. But high levels of leptin can be a signal of so called leptin resistance, a state in which leptin is losing it's effects. Adiponectin is secreted exclusively from adipose tissue. In obese people, lower levels of adiponectin were proven (i.e. adiponectin levels are in a negative correlation with body fat percentage). That's consistent with the fact that adiponectin is affecting a range of metabolic prosesses and thus improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic profile. For evaluation, we used a database of almost 750 subjects, that was build under the Nugenob study, conducted in 8 cities in 7 european countries. Al the participants were measured their anthropometric and biochemical parameters at the baseline and after 10 weeks of a standardized weight reduction program. The czech center retested the patient once again 1 year after the initial...
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The geography of income inequality in the world
Hasman, Jiří ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Pavlík, Petr (referee)
J. Hasman: Geografie příjmových nerovnoměrností ve světě 4 Abstract This thesis concerns with the comparison of income inequality within countries and with the analysis of income inequality determinants. Its main objectives are to: (1) examine the problem of international comparability of income inequality data and put together database with comparable data, (2) describe international differences in the level of income inequality and verify the hypothesis that there is a significant degree of similarity among countries within macroregions of the world, (3) discuss various explanations for international differences in income inequality, and (4) examine these determinants by cross-country analysis. The issue of international comparability of data has usually been only insufficiently dealt with, what can lead to highly misleading results when comparing levels of inequality across countries. The thesis overviews the most important methodical problems and documents their typical neglect on two notable examples of CIA - The World Factbook database and the Human Development Report database. One important problem in the cross-country comparisons is the adjustment of indicators of inequality based on different conceptions (e.g. household expenditures versus incomes). Existing literature mostly ignores the fact that...
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Bone metastases
MELICHAROVÁ, Miroslava
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic ?Bone metastases?. The topic is split into the theoretical and practical part. To understand better the whole topic, I describe in the theoretical part at first the general anatomy of the bone tissue, subsequently the structure and growth of bones. There are described individual types of bone shapes. Also the process of occurring metastases or primary tumors in surrounding tissue is described, way of spreading and growth of tumor cells in the bone tissue is specified. Moreover I specify the occurrence of bone metastases and their diagnostics. In the diagnostics we notice at first the clinical symptoms bringing the patient to the physician. Three targets were determined for this thesis. The first target was to find out the most frequent places of occurrence of bone metastases. The second target was to find out the most frequent diagnostic method. And the third goal was to find out the most frequently used type of treatment during the occurrence of bone metastases. Also research questions were postulated. Research question No. 1: Do the bone metastases occur most frequently in the parts of red bone marrow with a rich blood circulation? Research question 2: Are the bone metastases diagnosed more frequently at women? To acquire the results, the databases of patients of the hospital České Budějovice a.s. and the hospital Na Homolce in Prague, radio-diagnostics, radiotherapy wards and ward of nuclear medicine were used. In the radio-diagnostic ward in České Budějovice and in Prague it was necessary to go through the records of all the diagnosed patients who underwent X-ray, CT and MR examination in the years 2011, 2012 and the subsequent records of data of patients with described (by physicians) occurrence of meta-static process in skeleton. There are among the necessary recorded data: age, sex, primary diagnosis, location of bone metastases and the applied examination method. In the practical part of the bachelor's thesis, these data were processed in diagrams and subsequently answers to set targets and research questions were formulated. In the radio-therapeutic wards the records of patients with indication of palliative radiation for the year 2011, 2012 were checked and in case of finding a patient radiated by palliative method due to occurrence of bone metastases the information concerning the age, sex, primary diagnosis, location of bone metastases and the applied radiation method (targeted or half-body radiation) were recorded. The acquired information was processed into diagrams in the practical part of bachelor's thesis again. Unfortunately, from the department of nuclear medicine no information about the amount of performed bone scintigraphy for metastatic process in skeleton were acquired, only information about patients treated by radio-nuclides. The answer to the research questions 1, ?whether the most frequent place of bone metastases is the part of red bone marrow with a rich blood circulation? was given already in the information about the most frequent location of bone metastases, as in the adult age, the red bone marrow occurs most frequently in the vertebra bodies, pelvis bones, breast bone, rips, flat bone of scull and long bones, where the red bone marrow occurs in the joint ends and based on my research, the metastases were located most frequently in these places. The answer to the research question 2: ?Are the bone metastases diagnosed at women more frequently?? It followed from my research that more bone metastases were diagnosed at men. Also the information leaflet for lay public was elaborated to my bachelor thesis informing of symptoms, diagnostic methods and treatment of metastatic process in bones.
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Hazard of medicinal plants use in period of pregnancy and breast feeding.
Holcová, Lenka ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee) ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor)
Lenka Holcová 2010 Hazard of medicinal plants used in period of pregnancy and breast feeding Abstract: This thesis is a review of safety data of substances of natural origin used during pregnancy and lactation. Information was taken from sources published between 1970 - 2010, especially from the database PubMed, drugsafetysite.com, and from publications in The Essential Guide To Herbal Safety and Léčiva v těhotenství - vliv léků a vitamínů na zdravý vývoj plodu. Absolutely contraindicated drugs found were Arnicae flos, Absinthii herba and Boldo folium. The paper also briefly discussed the inappropriateness of substance abuse during pregnancy and lactation. The issue of safety for pregnant women has not been clearly answered among other plants such as Rubi idei folium, Leonuri cardiacae herba, Ginkgo folium, Angelicae sinensis radix or Andrographis paniculatae herba. The work also included an overview of positive and harmful effects of vitamins and minerals in pregnancy. Keywords: pregnancy, medicinal plants, drug, contraindications
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Effect of taxes on economic growth in developed countries after 1945
Vít, Ondřej ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The most discussed topics in economics is the relationship between economic growth and taxes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of different types of taxes on economic growth of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries after World War II. The thesis is based on extended neoclassi-cal growth theory from 1992 by Mankiw - Romer - Weil. Regression Analysis of Panel Da-ta is used as technique for verification of the correlation of economic growth and taxation. The impact of taxation is integrated to the model through its effect on accumulation of physical capital, development of human capital and technology. The source of panel data used in the analyses is statistical databases of OECD, World Bank, Maddison historical data and Penn World Table. For better comparison of the results more different methods of measuring tax burden were used. It was share of tax income on GDP, share of income from different types of taxes on total tax revenue, labor tax and compound tax quota. Results than differ by measurement of tax incidence. It is too complex to set clear recommendation for growth, nevertheless it is obvious, that the goal of economic and political authorities is to shift the tax burden from direct to indirect taxes.
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