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Effect of different types of bicycle tires on energy expenditure
Hejrová, Karolína ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Baláš, Jiří (referee)
Title: Effect of different types of bicycle tires on energy expenditure Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine the difference in energy expenditure when using different types of bicycle tires. Methods: The research group consisted of 5 males in age 26,4 ± 2,2 years. This was an experiment. The calculation of energy expediture was based on the amount of oxygen consumption (VO2) and exhaled carbon dioxide (VCO2), i.e. indirect calorimetry. For the analysis of respiratory gases MetaMax 3B measuring device was used. Three types of bicycle tires were tested. The test ride was carried out in laboratory on the cycling rollers. Probands completed one test ride (with a cadence of 80 rpm) on each type of tires. Test ride lasted on average 4:55 ± 1:50 min. For results were processed values of 4 minutes steady state VO2. Results: We found out the significant difference in energy expenditure between ride with road tires and ride with Fat Bike tires, and also between ride with trekking tires and ride with Fat Bike tires. The difference between ride with road and trekking tires was, due to the standard error of measurement, insignificant. Conclusion: The energy expenditure reached a significant increase while using tires with the largest contact patch compared to using tires with the smallest...
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Physiological response and physical activity during climbing wall in school age children
Kalábová, Monika ; Panáčková, Michaela (advisor) ; Strejcová, Barbora (referee)
Title of master thesis Physiological response and physical activity during climbing wall in school age children Work objectives Determinaton of specific oxygen uptake during climbing in the climbing wall in children. Methods The study involved 10 boys and 9 girls. Their climbing ability was in range 4 to 5+ degree of UIAA (Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme). Maximal oxygen consumption was measured on climbing wall. The climbers climbed two routes, the first vertical profile (90ř) and second overhanging profile (110˚). The participants climbed the wall with a self-selected speed. They climbed the route twice to steady state of physiological response during climbing and to simulate real average wall (15 m). To make conditions equal, everybody had 30 s to get down and start climbing again. Results The girls achieved average of specific oxygen consumption VO2peak 37,1 ± 4,8 ml·kg- 1 ·min-1 in the vertical profile and in the overhanging profile was 40,6 ± 11,5 ml·kg- 1 ·min-1 . The boys achieved slightly higher average of specific oxygen consumption in both profile 39,1 ± 4,8 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 in the vertical profile and 42,1 ± 2,6 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 in the overhanging profile. The girls had average peak heart rate 179 ± 10 beats·min-1 in the vertical profile and boys 170 ± 14 beats·min-1 ....
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The energy performance at the growth rate in ski-mountaineering
Hepnar, Jan ; Vomáčko, Ladislav (advisor) ; Jindra, Matouš (referee)
Title The energy performance at the growth rate in ski-mountaineering Objectives Measure group skialpinists of different ages and performance of the ski-mountaineering simulator with a gradient 21ř and speed 1,4 km/h to 5,4 km/h with increasing 0,4 km/h in every minute. Determine their energy expenditure in different speeds as the speed increases and with constant slope. Methods Seven ski-mountaineerers of different levels were testing in laboratory of ski-mountaineering simulator. We calculate of maximum oxygen consumption and anaerobic threshold. Results The probands attained average energy expenditure 8,18 kJ per minute at the end of the first minutes and they attained average energy expenditure 29,32 kJ per minute at the end of the 10th minutes. The average energy expenditure of probands increased by 2,35 kJ per minute an average with a standard deviation 0,69 kJ per minute. Keywords ski-mountaineering, heart rate, oxygen consumption, ski-mountaineer trainer.
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Oxygen consumption in awake cardiac surgical patients
Pořízka, Michal ; Stříteský, Martin (advisor) ; Szárszoi, Ondrej (referee) ; Šetina, Marek (referee)
OBJECTIVES: Standard blood flow rates for cardiopulmonary bypass have been assumed to be the same for awake cardiac surgery with thoracic epidural anesthesia as for general anesthesia. However, compared to general anesthesia, awake cardiac surgery with epidural anesthesia may be associated with higher oxygen consumption due to missing effect of general anesthetics. This may result in insufficient oxygen delivery and lactic acidosis when standard blood flow rates were used. The primary aim of our study was to investigate if standard blood flow rates are adequate in awake cardiac surgery. The secondary aim was to evaluate postoperative clinical outcomes of patients undergoing awake cardiac surgery. METHODS: Forty-seven patients undergoing elective on-pump cardiac surgery were assigned to receive either epidural (Group TEA, n=17), combined (Group TEA-GA, n=15) or general (Group GA, n=15) anesthesia. To monitor adequacy of standard blood flow rates, arterial lactate, acid base parameters, central venous and jugular bulb saturation were measured at six time points during in all groups. Blood flow rates were adjusted when needed. Subsequently, early and late postoperative outcome data including hospital and 3-year mortality was recorded and compared among the study groups RESULTS: No lactic acidosis has...
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Energy expenditure of driving in a wheelchair in people with lower limb amputation
Němeček, Pavel ; Kálal, Jan (advisor) ; Špaňhelová, Šárka (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to determine the effect of driving in a wheelchair and walking on crutches on the energy expenditure and cardiopulmonary system in people with lower limb amputation. For this measurement we used a device Metamax 3B made by Cortex, functioning by measuring the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the breathing air, and a sporttester made by Polar. On the basis of oxygen consumption is possible to determine an energy expenditure during the activity. Our study was attended by 11 probands (men), patient of long-term hospital in Motol Hospital. Nine probands were amputated from vascular causes, one from the traumatological causes and one from the other causes. Probands rode (or walked) for four minutes back and forth along the corridor thirty meters long. They were instructed to ride (walk) at a speed to fit their needstand to also keep the same pace for a defined period of time. Walking on crutches without prosthesis managed only three of the testing file. During the study, these values were measured: distance traveled, average speed, oxygen consumption (VO2, VO2/kg, VO2 peak), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), tidal volume (VT), breathing frequention (BF), minute ventilation (MV), heart rate (HR), energy expenditure and performance. In this work...
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The metabolism of selected species of predatory aquatic insects
KLEINOVÁ, Miroslava
Title: Metabolism of selected species of predatory aquatic insects. Target: The main objective of this study was to analyze metabolic rates of predatory aquatic insects, in my case dragonflies (order Odonata, suborder Anisoptera). Different instars of several species of dragonflies were observed. Another objective was to determine the dependence of the metabolic demands on the species and size of the individual, create tables and graphs summarizing the most important results and perform a basic statistical analysis. Methods: In my work I used the method of measuring the consumption of dissolved oxygen, using a polarographic determination of oxygen concentration with a membrane-covered oxygen sensor. Results: The rate of metabolism on the unit weight decreased with increasing weight and size, which corresponds to the assumptions of metabolic theory of ecology.
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Impact of teperature, fish size and feeding on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in the african catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
KOMENDOVÁ, Jana
Aims of this thesis were to assesed the impact of feeding, temperature of water and fish size on ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption in Clarias gariepinus in recirculating system. Fish were divided in 8 weight categories from 21 to 2495 g. Experiments were performed under four temperatures: 22°C, 25°C, 28°C and 30°C. Fish were acclimatized, light conditions were: 14 hours of light period and 10 hours of dark period. Feeding was provided fed four times a day. Starved fish were measured. Measurements were held every two hours. Oxygen consumption was measured by multimeter and ammonia excretion using Nessler?s method. Average daily oxygen consumption in fed fish was dependent on temperature and average individual weight of fish, varied from 10.5 to 96.6 mg O2/kg/h and in hungry fish from 4.3 to 61.8 mg O2/kg/h. TAN excretion varied from 0 to 59.9 mg TAN/kg/h in fed fish and from 0 to 60.8 mg TAN/kg/h in hungry fish. Oxygen consumption increased with increasing temperature. Ammonia excretion was very unstable at all temperatures in all weight categories. Fish had higher ammonia excretion in light period of experiment.
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Evaluation of Efect Mechanicle a Nitrifying Biological Filters in Recirculating Aquacultere Systeme with Intensive Fish Farming.
OLBERT, Karel
Aim of my work is influence of high level breeding of Euroasian perch on quality of water and operation of mechanicle drum filter and fluized bed biofilter. Euroasian perch is reared in recirculating aquaculture systeme. Fish were devide into six groups in dependence on their body weight. Groups of fish with avarage start weight (g) {$\pm$} SD; biomass (kg) 232,9 {$\pm$} 10,0; 15,14 (I), 196,4 {$\pm$} 8,1; 15,32 (II), 139,8 {$\pm$} 6,1; 15,10 (III), 102,4 {$\pm$} 5,5; 15,06 (IV), 59,4 {$\pm$} 5,5; 15,04 (V), 37,7 {$\pm$} 7,5; 15,00 (VI) were put into plastic tank (600l). Three measurement was with fed fish and three measurement with food-deprived fish. Fed day was organised like feeding period (light phase) 12 hours and 12 hours non-feeding period (dark phase). First part of my project was about impact mechanicle filtration to remove solids from water. Mechanical filter can keep the water quality on perfect level for fish farming. Second part was about evaluation of nitrifying biologickle filters. Biologicle filtration was did her function well, because levels of amonia, nitrite and nitrate were keep on optimum values. Third part of my project was about measurement of oxygen consumption and amonia excretion. Was observed significant diurnal changes of oxygen consumption and amonia excretion for fed fish. For food-deprived fish was observed significant diurnal changes of oxygen consuption. Changes of amonia excretion were not significant.
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