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Sects, new religious movements and identity i Russia in the nineties of 20th century in the context of overall societal changes
Holmerová, Terezie ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Zilynskyj, Bohdan (referee)
Diploma thesis "Sects, new religious movements and identity in Russia in the nineties of 20th century in the context of overall societal changes" deals with the problem of minority religions in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Terminological part explains the difference between the termin "sect" and "new religious movement", introductory historical overview outlines the role of sects in the history of Russia. The hub of the study lays in three large chapters. The first deals with the dynamics of the religious situation in relation to sects in the first half of the 90s, classifies them and names the main representants. The second part deals with concrete manifestations of changes in the middle of the decade, for example the process Yakunin versus Dvorkin or the change of legislation in 1997. The third part seeks answer to the question what was the underlying cause of changes in social and legal position of sects and finds the anspher in the sphere of national identity.
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Methods Psychologism of Missioning Religions
PLOS, Michal
Author´s research has led to the processing of psychologism theory as a tool to detect the methodological procedure of doctrine of Jehova´s Witnesses, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, The Bahai Faith, Haifan Bahaism from movement management, through the movement medium to the seeker and to what extent can these doctrines manipulate the seeker. The thesis attempts to extract the thinking core within new religious movements, as a prerequisite for the detection of intentions of the mentioned movements, and also it tries to extract analogous statements about how these movements may develop in the future stages of their existence. The basic tool of academic study and view: comparison, psychology of religion.
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PROTECTION OF YOUTH FROM THE DETRIMENTAL INFLUENCE OF ALTERNATIVE RELIGIONS
KOLAŘÍKOVÁ, Zdeňka
The Paper deals with alternative religions and their potentially detrimental effects on young people; it describes the developmental features specific of adolescence, a period when the youngsters are particularly sensitive to the issues of spirituality. Moreover, the Paper endeavors to offer a key instrumental in discerning between the "safe" and the "hazardous" groups and to depict the principal techniques of mental manipulation employed by some religious denominations to recruit and keep their membership. The final part of the theoretical section is focused on different components of society and their share in preventing these undesirable influences. The practical section of the Paper is aimed at revealing wherefrom the young draw information on alternative spiritual movements and at disclosing whether their attitudes towards these religious groups are in any way affected by the religious traditions observed in the given region. In addition, the Paper maps specific religious groups operating close to young people living in the towns of České Budějovice and Zlín.
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Sects and New Religious Movements, Jehovah's Witnesses
HOVJACKÁ, Veronika
Religious groups are societies, which aims to transcendental realities, but are realized among particular people and in particular time and society. It is interesting to study the relationship between society as a whole and these sub societies. One way of how the main society expresses its relationship towards religious groups, in a broader sense, is the registration of these groups as a state recognized religion. This status is desired and appreciated by the religious groups as it can change their position in public eyes. This thesis is a reflection about how difficult, and maybe even deceptive, is looking for criterions for registration or not registration. It is simply about describing borders between the terms ``sect{\crqq} and ``church{\crqq}. Intuitively, this border is something quite clear, but when we need to decide for or against registration, intuitive criterions by themselves are not enough.
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New religious movement in connection with observance of the human rights
NAGYOVÁ, Michaela
The current society is fast-moving, materialistic and consumer-oriented. A man thus exists in the centre of chaotic changes of the modern world which he/she tries to escape. At that moment the person may fall an easy victim to new religious movements which may approach people and offer fulfilment of their expectations. A new member of a religious group, who is continually supported, thus becomes ever more dependent on the new environment in which he/she feels contentment. Leaders of new religious movements (Czech acronym NNH) are able to manipulate such dependent victims and force them to things and acts, which may lead to violation of basic human rights. Therefore the purpose of the thesis was to identify those human rights which might be violated by some new religious movements and to map the awareness among the general public of observation of human rights in the new religious movements. The research consisted of qualitative and quantitative parts. The praktical part of the thesis confirmed the hypothesis I: Violation of some human rights may be encountered in new religious movements. This hypothesis was confirmed based on results of the qualitative part of the research, which used the content analysis method. The method was used to analyze articles from the following periodicals: Právo, Šíp, Mladá fronta Dnes, Lidové noviny, Regionální deníky and the internet portal Idnes. The qualitative part of the research also included interviews with members of the religious society Jehovah´s Witnesses. The surveyed group consisted of 5 individuals who responded to questions relating to their teaching (e.g. rejecting of blood transfusion). Adequate data for the quantitative research were obtained by an inquiry method {--} opinion poll. The opinion poll was conducted among the residents of Český Krumlov and České Budějovice and it was supposed to confirm or to rebut the hypothesis II: The general public does not have sufficient awareness of which basic human rights may be violated by some new religious movements. After analyzing the acquired data the analysis was confirmed. This bachelor thesis might be used as a material for the general public to increase its awareness of new religious movements in connection with human rights. Consequently, it may also serve in prevention, which is in the area of new religious movements still at a low level.
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Public opinions about the problem of new religious movements and their possible danger in the regions of Ceske Budejovice and Klatovy
JINDROVÁ, Markéta
The problem of new religious movements is quite a current topic. Therefore, I have decided to write my thesis about this subject. The theoretical part contains the definitions of the basic terms, the characteristics of new religious movements, their catagories and characteristics of their victims, the context of new religious movements and the law, as well as the connection of religious groups and socially-pathologic phenomena. Each of the phenomena is attached to concrete examples of the social groups involved. Both qualitative and quantitative research was employed in the practical part. The methods that have been used to obtain this information were a survey and and interview, as well as the anaylsis of the data and content. One of the files for the survey was collected in the Klatovy Region, while the other was gathered from the people of the Ceske Budejovice Region. Thus, the acquired data were compared in order to reach the aim of the work. The two aims were set based upon the secondary data and one hypothesis was declared for each. The first aim, which was `to find out the public opinion on the problems of new religious movement{\crq}, was connected with the hypothesis `although the public is not sufficiently informed about the religious cults in the region, they are perceived as negative{\crq}. The other aim was to map the socially-pathological phenomena connected with the activity of the movements in these particular regions. Regarding that research, which was qualitative, the hypothesis was declared on the ground of the acquired data. Hypothesis No. 1 was verified. Based on an interview with local policemen, the other hypothesis was set: Although information about the socially-pathological phenomena connected with the activity of the movements reached the public, the Police of the Czech Republic do not have evidence of any crime of that character in the given regions. A booklet was put together, based upon the acquired information, giving the overall information about new religious movements, their characteristics and possible risks. In my opinion, the aim of my thesis was met. The research showed that the public awareness of new religious cults is rather low and the information is mostly distorted. The results of my work may serve as further insight into this problem and, threby it may become a stimulus to raise the state of awareness in this sphere.
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NEW RELIGIONS AS A SPECIFIC VARIANT OF HUMAN PARTNERSHIP
HOLÁ, Michaela
Among with many changes brought to us by the modern times, we may also find changes in current understanding of religions. In spite of the strong deconsecration trend the experts agreed on growing popularity of new forms of religions and divergence from the traditional religions on the other side. Many alternative religions occur. Groups are diversified by their confession, establishment, methods of finding new members, behaviour models and relationship to the traditional religions. The phenomenon of new religions establishment itself can not be overlooked anymore and to me it seems interesting to learn more about possible reasons, why individuals choose this way. The objective of my research was to identify what motivates people to join alternative religious groups. The research includes a quantitative and a qualitative section. In order to collect adequate data for the quantitative research method of e-mail inquiries was applied as well as questionnaires. The questionnaire was designed for the determined objective of the research and was intended for experts in organisations involved in religious issues both in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. Specifically responses were received from employee of the Association for Study of Sects and New Religions in Prague, the Centre for Prevention in the Area of Religious Sects (CPoNS) in Olomouc and from o.z. INTEGRA - Centre for Prevention in the Area of Religious Sects, based in Banská Bystrica. I had three hypothesis determined for this part of my work: the Hypothesis I (Phenomenon of new religions popularity is related mainly to younger population, which is more sensitive to era changes), the Hypothesis II (Decision of an individual to join a new religious group is subject to expected satisfaction of currently unsatisfied needs) and the Hypothesis III (Psychological methods misused by the alternative religious groups play a significant role in individual´s decision to joint a sect). The above hypothesis has been confirmed upon analysis of collected data. In addition I used a quantitative method as well, consisting of semi-standardized interviews with former members of some of the alternative religious groups. The research group included three individuals, who shared their experience with a specific religious group. Considering the small number of respondents it was more a complementary type of method in addition to the quantitative research. The subject bachelor work may be used for more detail research of the given subject and extension of knowledge related to the phenomenon of the alternative religions. The work may be also used for description of processes taking place in the current society and affecting distrust to the traditional religions. Results of this research may be also considered when searching for an effective solution for prevention of sect impact.
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New Religious Groups In The South Region - Mormons
KRYSTKOVÁ, Zuzana
The work deals with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints, who is also known under the name Mormons. In a few chapters is circumscribed not only history of genesis of the church in the USA and in the Czech republic, but also explication of several basic conceptions respective to this subject. Further is described teaching and belief of Mormon, the style of their live and standpoint to different changes in their attitude. In the last chapter is conveyed {\clqq}belief in action``, just as it operate Mormon and how it perceives it{\crq}s vicinage. The work was written thanks the available literature and Internet presentation witch are conected to this subject.
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Religion, tradition and order - Comparison of traditional churches`s and sects`s behaviour
Gabriel, Jan ; Chalupníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Minárik, Pavol (referee)
There are two main parts in this thesis. In the first one, we are focused on different approaches to the relationship of religion and government. We point out the influence of religion (both positive and negative) on individual. These issues are viewed from the perspective of some famous theories. For example: G.S. Becker's Accounting for Tastes, F. A. Hayek's theory of spontaneous order, H. Bergson's philosophy or M. Weber's sociology of religion. The second part analyses situation in Czech Republic and compares it to situations in Austria and Sweden. There are appendixes, which can be used as bases for new research.
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