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Comparison of mollusc fauna from selected natural reserves on southern Moravia
Bohatá, Lucie ; Vrabec, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
In this thesis is compared mollusc fauna of six protected areas on the south of Moravia, with characteristic and appraisal of their condition. These protected areas belong to control of BR Lower Moravia and almost all of them belong under control of CHKO Pálava: NPR Cahnov Soutok, NPR Křivé jezero, NPP Pastvisko u Lednice, NPR Ranšpurk, NPR Slanisko u Nesytu, EVL Trkmanské louky. Tested hypothesis was, whether reserves with prevailing of forest cover evince richer faun compare to reserves with prevailing of open space.
Mollusc fauna was collected by individual picking with the aid of flush solid material through strainer and off take of forest soil. Subsequently collected material was inspected in detail, sorted out and determined.
Information about discovered species was compared with the aid of Simpson´s index of domination and Jaccard´s index of similarity and recorded to tables. The biggest index of diversity has NPR Ranšpurk and the lowest has NPR Slanisko u Nesytu according to Simpson´s index. It means that community of molluscs from NPR Ranšpurk is covered same amount of specimen determined species, while on NPR Slanisko u Nesytu was discovered dominance of vulnerable species Anius spirobis (Linné, 1758). According to Jaccard´s index of similarity is the most similar (31%) reserve NPR Křivé jezero and NPR Slanisko u Nesytu and the worst similar (8%) are reserves NPP Pastvisko u Lednice and EVL Trkmanské louky.
Hypothesis was confirmed on the grounds of number of species determined on collected stations and Simpson´s index with bigger diversity on reserves with prevailing of forest cover. According to Jaccard´s index of similarity are forest areas and open areas similar with 66%. The high similarity is consequence of abiotic factors, which influence inspected areas in reserves.
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Mollusca of the Czech Republic
Rindtová, Dita ; Hlava, Jakub (advisor) ; Křivská, Daniela (referee)
The Bachelor work Mollusca of the Czech Republic deals with basic information about molluscs occurring in the Czech Republic. In the research part of my work I deal with the anatomy of their bodies, shells and life cycles characteristic for the main representatives. In general characterization the work mentions endangered species listed in the Red List. Furthermore, the research part deals with ecology focused on shellfish incidence depending on the conditions of the ecosystem, introduction, and the methods of mollusc importance to humans.
The aim of the practical part was a faunal survey of selected localities contaminated by a man. This research was carried out in selected localities near the town of Příbram. It was the firsta research focused on the incidence of molluscs in these areas. The methodology of sample collection was carried out according to common methods of collecting molluscs and it is more specified in the work.
The own research was focused on characterisation of the areas (5 localities) where the collection was carried out. Thus there was formed a systematic overview of acquired kinds of terrestrial representatives according to designated habitats, taxonomic classification and specific characterisation of the species. A total of 514 individuals were processed belonging to 26 species of molluscs. The most numerous family had Vrásenkovití (Discidae) where the number of representatives climbed to 82 individuals. On the contrary Oxychilidae family, Skleněnkovití (Vitrinidae) and Melampovití (Ellobiidae) occured the least. There was found only one individual of each family.
In the last part of my work I deal with comparison of my research to the previous research carried out in Kokořínsko Reserve. This area has similar climatic conditions and the features of the ecosystems. The result of the comparison corresponds to the variability of the species found here.
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Molluscan fauna of the Czech Republic
Cermanová, Michaela ; Hlava, Jakub (advisor) ; Husák, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the problems of molluscs on the area of the Czech Republic.
The introduction characterizes the tribe of molluscs and its history. The following part focuses on the morphology and anatomy of terrestrial and water molluscs, their ecology and biology. There is a detailed description of the life cycle of snails and clams, their way of life and food. The character of spread on the area of the Czech Republic and their migration connected with settlement of new biotopes was described at water molluscs. The following chapter deals with the question of collection and identification of molluscs, it describes several methods of collecting and identification of terrestrial and especially water molluscs.
A big part of the thesis is devoted to endangering of the mollusc fauna and negative influence of people on the malacofauna by creating new conditions in the landscape. The negative influences, by which people significantly change the landscape character, include for example forest clearing, construction of dams or longitudinal stream regulation. The last chapter describes the unoriginal species of terrestrial and water molluscs on the area of the Czech Republic, which represent another danger for our original malacofauna.
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Morphologic-genetic study of populations of salt-water gastropod \kur{Hexaplex trunculus} from Mediterranean sea
MACÍK, Jiří
Variability in genes and shell shape of salt water gastropod Hexaplex trunculus (Linné, 1758) was compared among the samples from three Croatian coastline localities, four localities on Greek island Lefkada and two localities from south France coastline in total number of 464 specimens. Genetical criteria were not found for separating individual populations. No variability were found in 683 bp long fragment of gene for michondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit one (COI). Differences among populations were not significant, even in conection of my data with the data of recent portuguese study (sequences from GenBank). Differences among populations were found by the geometric morphometric method. Based on these results, morphotypes for certain habitats were determined. During the study, high level of tributyltin (TBT) pollution in the Mediterranean sea causing sexual malformation called imposex phenomenon, was proved in this species of gastropod.
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